AGRICULTURE
CHAPTER
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
SUMMARY SHEET
For NABARD Grade A/B 2019
1|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
,Contents
1 What is Agricultural engineering? ........................................................................................................................ 6
2 Various forms of farm power: .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Mobile Power: .............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Human Power: ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2 Animal Power:....................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.3 Mechanical Power: ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Stationary power: ......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Electrical Power: ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Renewable energy: ............................................................................................................................... 7
3 Let us have a look at certain important terminologies used in agricultural engineering: ................................... 7
3.1 Horse power (HP): ........................................................................................................................................ 7
3.2 Indicated horse power (IHP): ........................................................................................................................ 7
3.3 Brake horse power (BHP): ............................................................................................................................ 7
3.4 Power take-off horse power (PTO HP): ........................................................................................................ 7
3.5 Frictional horse power (FHP): ....................................................................................................................... 8
4 Farm Mechanization: ............................................................................................................................................ 8
4.1 Various stages/categories in which mechanization is involved: .................................................................. 8
5 Land Levelling: ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.1 What are the equipments used for land levelling? ...................................................................................... 8
5.1.1 Soil Scoop:............................................................................................................................................. 8
5.1.2 Leveling board - bullock drawn:............................................................................................................ 8
5.2 The other machinery/equipments used for land levelling are as follows: ................................................... 9
6 Sowing: ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
6.1 Seed Drill: ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Seed Cum Fertilizer drill:.............................................................................................................................10
6.3 Different type of furrow openers are: ........................................................................................................10
7 Planter: ...............................................................................................................................................................10
7.1 Some specific planters are: .........................................................................................................................10
7.1.1 Potato Planter (Automatic Seed Dropping): .......................................................................................10
7.1.2 Potato Planter (semi-automatic): .......................................................................................................10
7.1.3 Calibration of Seed Drill: .....................................................................................................................10
8 Weeding and interculture: .................................................................................................................................10
8.1 Khurpi .........................................................................................................................................................10
8.2 Hand Hoe: ...................................................................................................................................................11
8.3 Long Handle Weeders: ...............................................................................................................................11
9 Cultivators:..........................................................................................................................................................11
2|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
, 9.1 Types of cultivator: .....................................................................................................................................11
9.1.1 Duck foot type cultivator: ...................................................................................................................11
9.1.2 Shovel type cultivator .........................................................................................................................12
Specification: ..............................................................................................................................................................12
10 Harvesting and Threshing: ..............................................................................................................................12
10.1 Methods of harvesting: ..............................................................................................................................12
10.2 Certain terms in connection with harvesting: ............................................................................................12
11 Tractors: ..........................................................................................................................................................13
11.1 History of tractor development: .................................................................................................................13
11.2 Types of tractor: .........................................................................................................................................14
11.2.1 Classification based on the type of construction: ..............................................................................14
11.2.2 Classification based on the type of drives: .........................................................................................14
Track type tractors: (Also called Chain Type or Crawlers Type) .........................................................................14
Wheel Type Tractors:..................................................................................................................................................15
11.2.3 Classification based on the purpose for which they are used: ...........................................................15
11.3 Tractor components: ..................................................................................................................................15
12 Power Tiller: ....................................................................................................................................................15
12.1 Background of Power Tiller: .......................................................................................................................16
12.2 Components of power tiller:.......................................................................................................................16
13 Tillage Implements: ........................................................................................................................................16
13.1 Ploughs: ......................................................................................................................................................17
13.2 Types of plough: .........................................................................................................................................17
13.3 List of Primary Tillage Implements: ............................................................................................................17
14 Secondary Tillage Implements:.......................................................................................................................18
14.1 Harrow: .......................................................................................................................................................18
14.2 Types of harrows used in India: ..................................................................................................................18
14.3 Disc Harrow: ...............................................................................................................................................19
14.4 Spike Tooth Harrow: ...................................................................................................................................19
14.5 Spring Tooth Harrow: .................................................................................................................................20
14.6 Acme Harrow: .............................................................................................................................................20
14.7 Patela: .........................................................................................................................................................20
14.8 Blade harrows: ............................................................................................................................................20
14.8.1 Bakhar: ................................................................................................................................................20
14.8.2 Guntaka: .............................................................................................................................................21
14.9 Bodela: ........................................................................................................................................................21
14.10 Power harrow – tractor drawn: ..............................................................................................................21
14.11 Rotary Tiller: ...........................................................................................................................................21
3|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
, 14.12 Land packer or Culti-packer: ...................................................................................................................21
Specification: ..............................................................................................................................................................21
14.13 Tillage Implements for Rice Cultivation: .................................................................................................21
14.13.1 Cage Wheels: ..................................................................................................................................21
14.13.2 Puddler: ..........................................................................................................................................22
15 Implements used for both primary and secondary tillage: ............................................................................22
15.1 Rotavator: ...................................................................................................................................................22
16 Implements used for inter-culture operations: ..............................................................................................23
16.1 Three tyned cultivator with seeding attachment: ......................................................................................23
17 Plant Protection Equipment: ..........................................................................................................................23
17.1 Sprayers: .....................................................................................................................................................23
Types of Spray:....................................................................................................................................................23
17.2 Commercial Sprayer: ..................................................................................................................................23
Manually operated sprayers are classified as follows: .......................................................................................23
Engine operated sprayer is classified as follows: ...............................................................................................24
17.3 Duster: ........................................................................................................................................................24
17.3.1 Types of duster: ..................................................................................................................................24
18 Farm Processing Equipments: ........................................................................................................................24
19 Seed Processing: .............................................................................................................................................25
19.1 Phase of seed processing:...........................................................................................................................25
20 Pasteurization: ................................................................................................................................................26
20.1 Pasteurization is mainly done in one of the following ways: .....................................................................26
20.2 Main types of pasteurizers: ........................................................................................................................26
21 Pumps for Irrigation:.......................................................................................................................................26
21.1 Types of pumps for agricultural purposes: .................................................................................................26
22 Miscellaneous: ................................................................................................................................................29
22.1 Implements for horticultural crops: ...........................................................................................................29
22.1.1 Post-Hole Digger: ................................................................................................................................29
22.1.2 Dibber: ................................................................................................................................................29
22.1.3 Paddy transplanter .............................................................................................................................30
22.1.4 Self-propelled paddy transplanter......................................................................................................30
Some points to remember......................................................................................................................................30
22.2 Classification of crops as per difficulty level in Transplantation ................................................................30
23 Storage ............................................................................................................................................................30
23.1 Traditional Storage Structures ....................................................................................................................31
23.2 Improved Storage Structures......................................................................................................................31
23.3 Pusa bin.......................................................................................................................................................31
4|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
CHAPTER
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
SUMMARY SHEET
For NABARD Grade A/B 2019
1|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
,Contents
1 What is Agricultural engineering? ........................................................................................................................ 6
2 Various forms of farm power: .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Mobile Power: .............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Human Power: ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2 Animal Power:....................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.3 Mechanical Power: ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Stationary power: ......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Electrical Power: ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Renewable energy: ............................................................................................................................... 7
3 Let us have a look at certain important terminologies used in agricultural engineering: ................................... 7
3.1 Horse power (HP): ........................................................................................................................................ 7
3.2 Indicated horse power (IHP): ........................................................................................................................ 7
3.3 Brake horse power (BHP): ............................................................................................................................ 7
3.4 Power take-off horse power (PTO HP): ........................................................................................................ 7
3.5 Frictional horse power (FHP): ....................................................................................................................... 8
4 Farm Mechanization: ............................................................................................................................................ 8
4.1 Various stages/categories in which mechanization is involved: .................................................................. 8
5 Land Levelling: ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.1 What are the equipments used for land levelling? ...................................................................................... 8
5.1.1 Soil Scoop:............................................................................................................................................. 8
5.1.2 Leveling board - bullock drawn:............................................................................................................ 8
5.2 The other machinery/equipments used for land levelling are as follows: ................................................... 9
6 Sowing: ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
6.1 Seed Drill: ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Seed Cum Fertilizer drill:.............................................................................................................................10
6.3 Different type of furrow openers are: ........................................................................................................10
7 Planter: ...............................................................................................................................................................10
7.1 Some specific planters are: .........................................................................................................................10
7.1.1 Potato Planter (Automatic Seed Dropping): .......................................................................................10
7.1.2 Potato Planter (semi-automatic): .......................................................................................................10
7.1.3 Calibration of Seed Drill: .....................................................................................................................10
8 Weeding and interculture: .................................................................................................................................10
8.1 Khurpi .........................................................................................................................................................10
8.2 Hand Hoe: ...................................................................................................................................................11
8.3 Long Handle Weeders: ...............................................................................................................................11
9 Cultivators:..........................................................................................................................................................11
2|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
, 9.1 Types of cultivator: .....................................................................................................................................11
9.1.1 Duck foot type cultivator: ...................................................................................................................11
9.1.2 Shovel type cultivator .........................................................................................................................12
Specification: ..............................................................................................................................................................12
10 Harvesting and Threshing: ..............................................................................................................................12
10.1 Methods of harvesting: ..............................................................................................................................12
10.2 Certain terms in connection with harvesting: ............................................................................................12
11 Tractors: ..........................................................................................................................................................13
11.1 History of tractor development: .................................................................................................................13
11.2 Types of tractor: .........................................................................................................................................14
11.2.1 Classification based on the type of construction: ..............................................................................14
11.2.2 Classification based on the type of drives: .........................................................................................14
Track type tractors: (Also called Chain Type or Crawlers Type) .........................................................................14
Wheel Type Tractors:..................................................................................................................................................15
11.2.3 Classification based on the purpose for which they are used: ...........................................................15
11.3 Tractor components: ..................................................................................................................................15
12 Power Tiller: ....................................................................................................................................................15
12.1 Background of Power Tiller: .......................................................................................................................16
12.2 Components of power tiller:.......................................................................................................................16
13 Tillage Implements: ........................................................................................................................................16
13.1 Ploughs: ......................................................................................................................................................17
13.2 Types of plough: .........................................................................................................................................17
13.3 List of Primary Tillage Implements: ............................................................................................................17
14 Secondary Tillage Implements:.......................................................................................................................18
14.1 Harrow: .......................................................................................................................................................18
14.2 Types of harrows used in India: ..................................................................................................................18
14.3 Disc Harrow: ...............................................................................................................................................19
14.4 Spike Tooth Harrow: ...................................................................................................................................19
14.5 Spring Tooth Harrow: .................................................................................................................................20
14.6 Acme Harrow: .............................................................................................................................................20
14.7 Patela: .........................................................................................................................................................20
14.8 Blade harrows: ............................................................................................................................................20
14.8.1 Bakhar: ................................................................................................................................................20
14.8.2 Guntaka: .............................................................................................................................................21
14.9 Bodela: ........................................................................................................................................................21
14.10 Power harrow – tractor drawn: ..............................................................................................................21
14.11 Rotary Tiller: ...........................................................................................................................................21
3|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
, 14.12 Land packer or Culti-packer: ...................................................................................................................21
Specification: ..............................................................................................................................................................21
14.13 Tillage Implements for Rice Cultivation: .................................................................................................21
14.13.1 Cage Wheels: ..................................................................................................................................21
14.13.2 Puddler: ..........................................................................................................................................22
15 Implements used for both primary and secondary tillage: ............................................................................22
15.1 Rotavator: ...................................................................................................................................................22
16 Implements used for inter-culture operations: ..............................................................................................23
16.1 Three tyned cultivator with seeding attachment: ......................................................................................23
17 Plant Protection Equipment: ..........................................................................................................................23
17.1 Sprayers: .....................................................................................................................................................23
Types of Spray:....................................................................................................................................................23
17.2 Commercial Sprayer: ..................................................................................................................................23
Manually operated sprayers are classified as follows: .......................................................................................23
Engine operated sprayer is classified as follows: ...............................................................................................24
17.3 Duster: ........................................................................................................................................................24
17.3.1 Types of duster: ..................................................................................................................................24
18 Farm Processing Equipments: ........................................................................................................................24
19 Seed Processing: .............................................................................................................................................25
19.1 Phase of seed processing:...........................................................................................................................25
20 Pasteurization: ................................................................................................................................................26
20.1 Pasteurization is mainly done in one of the following ways: .....................................................................26
20.2 Main types of pasteurizers: ........................................................................................................................26
21 Pumps for Irrigation:.......................................................................................................................................26
21.1 Types of pumps for agricultural purposes: .................................................................................................26
22 Miscellaneous: ................................................................................................................................................29
22.1 Implements for horticultural crops: ...........................................................................................................29
22.1.1 Post-Hole Digger: ................................................................................................................................29
22.1.2 Dibber: ................................................................................................................................................29
22.1.3 Paddy transplanter .............................................................................................................................30
22.1.4 Self-propelled paddy transplanter......................................................................................................30
Some points to remember......................................................................................................................................30
22.2 Classification of crops as per difficulty level in Transplantation ................................................................30
23 Storage ............................................................................................................................................................30
23.1 Traditional Storage Structures ....................................................................................................................31
23.2 Improved Storage Structures......................................................................................................................31
23.3 Pusa bin.......................................................................................................................................................31
4|Page www.edutap.co.in Query? 8146207241
