NUR 2474 Exam 2: Pharmacology for Professional Nursing Exam 2 (Latest 2023/2024) Rasmussen

Chapter 41: Diuretics Questions 1. ID: 3772679757 A patient is brought to the emergency department with shortness of breath, a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute, intercostal retractions, and frothy, pink sputum. The nurse caring for this patient will expect to administer which drug? Furosemide [Lasix] Correct Hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] Mannitol [Osmitrol] Spironolactone [Aldactone] 2. ID: 3772679749 A patient who is taking digoxin is admitted to the hospital for treatment of congestive heart failure. The prescriber has ordered furosemide [Lasix]. The nurse notes an irregular heart rate of 86 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 130/82 mm Hg. The nurse auscultates crackles in both lungs. Which laboratory value causes the nurse the most concern? Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL Oxygen saturation of 90% Potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L Correct Sodium level of 140 mEq/L 3. ID: A patient has 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremities bilaterally. Auscultation of the lungs reveals crackles bilaterally, and the serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. Which diuretic agent ordered by the prescriber should the nurse question? Bumetanide [Bumex] Furosemide [Lasix] Spironolactone [Aldactone] Correct Hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] 4. ID: A nurse preparing to administer morning medications notes that a patient with a history of hypertension has been prescribed spironolactone [Aldactone]. The nurse assesses the patient and notes dyspnea, bilateral crackles, and pitting edema in both feet. Which intervention is appropriate? Administer the medications as ordered. Ask the patient about the use of salt substitutes. Contact the provider to request an order for serum electrolytes. Request an order for furosemide [Lasix]. Correct 5. ID: A patient with hypertension is taking furosemide [Lasix] for congestive heart failure. The prescriber orders digoxin to help increase cardiac output. What other medication will the nurse expect to be ordered for this patient? Bumetanide [Bumex] Chlorothiazide [Diuril] Hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] Spironolactone [Aldactone] Correct 6. ID: A patient who was in a motor vehicle accident sustained a severe head injury and is brought into the emergency department. The provider orders intravenous mannitol [Osmitrol]. The nurse knows that this is given to: reduce intracranial pressure. Correct reduce renal perfusion. reduce peripheral edema. restore extracellular fluid. 7. ID: A patient is taking gentamicin [Garamycin] and furosemide [Lasix]. The nurse should counsel this patient to report which symptom? Frequent nocturia Headaches Ringing in the ears Correct Urinary retention 8. ID: An older adult patient with congestive heart failure develops crackles in both lungs and pitting edema of all extremities. The physician orders hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL]. Before administering this medication, the nurse reviews the patient’s chart. Which laboratory value causes the nurse the most concern? Elevated creatinine clearance Correct Elevated serum potassium level Normal blood glucose level Low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 9. ID: A patient with chronic congestive heart failure has repeated hospitalizations in spite of ongoing treatment with hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] and digoxin. The prescriber has ordered spironolactone [Aldactone] to be added to this patient’s drug regimen, and the nurse provides education about this medication. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching? “I can expect improvement within a few hours after taking this drug.” “I need to stop taking potassium supplements.” Correct “I should use salt substitutes to prevent toxic side effects.” “I should watch closely for dehydration.” 10. ID: Besides having diuretic effects for patients with congestive heart failure, thiazides are also used to treat what? (Select all that apply.) Diabetes insipidus Correct Hepatic failure Correct Increased intracranial pressure Intraocular pressure Postmenopausal osteoporosis Correct