Environmental Science Final Exam Broward College EVR
1001 Updated 2023 Version with complete solution
What does biodegradable mean?
Substance or object capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living
organisms.
What is soil?
A complex mixture of eroded rock, mineral nutrients, decaying organic matter, water,
air, and billions of living organisms
What are soil horizons?
Horizontal zones that make up a mature soil. Each soil has a distinct texture and
composition that varies with different types of soils.
What are the soil horizons?
1. O horizon: (Surface litter layer) freshly fallen leaves, twigs, animal waste, fungi, &
other animals.
2. A horizon: (Topsoil) porous mix of organic matter called humus & some inorganic
mineral particles. Darker and looser than deeper layers.
3. B horizon: (Subsoil) Contains inorganic minerals, iron, aluminum, & clay from above
horizons.
4. C horizon: (Weathered Parent material) partially broken down inorganic minerals
lying on unweathered bedrock/parent material.
**Most of the soil's organic matter is in the O and A horizon.
What are the soil textures?
1. Sand = medium sized particles
2. Silt = fine particles
3. Clay = very fine particles
4. Gravel = coarse particles
What is soil erosion?
movement of soil components (especially the litter & topsoil) from one place to another.
What is soil conservation?
Various methods used to reduce soil erosion, most of which involve keeping the soil
covered with vegetation.
What are the two main agents of soil erosion?
Flowing Water & Wind
What is the Law of conservation of matter?
Matter can neither be created or destroyed.
It can change various elements and compounds from one physical or chemical form to
another but in no change can we create or destroy any of the atoms involved.
, What is physical change?
Change in the size and shape with no change in chemical composition.
What is chemical change?
Chemical composition of elements are altered but the same elements exist
What does biodiversity mean?
The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
What is biological evolution?
The process through which the characteristics of organisms change over successive
generations, by means of genetic variation and natural selection. It is most commonly
defined as "changes in gene frequencies in populations."
What are the different types biomes? (9)
1. Tundra
2.Boreal Forest (Northern Coniferous Forest)
3.Temperate Rain Forest
4.Temperate Deciduous Forest
5.Tropical Rain Forest
6.Mediterranean / Chaparral / Thorn Scrub
7. Grasslands
8.Savannas
9.Temperate Grasslands
(Deserts)
What are the 3 causes of wildlife extinction?
- Local extinction.
- Biological extinction
- Ecological extinction.
What are endangered species?
When a species has so few individual survivors that the species could soon become
extinct over all or most of its natural range.
How does energy flow in a food chain?
From bottom to the top.
What is environmental science?
An interdisciplinary study, combining ideas from natural science (biology, chemistry,
geology, etc.) and social sciences (economics, politics, ethics, etc.) to understand how
nature works, how we are impacted by nature, and how we impact nature.
What are estuaries?
The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream.
What are eukaryotes?
Any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within
membranes.
What are prokaryotes?
a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a
membrane nor other specialized organelles. Include:
- Bacteria.
- Cyanobacteria.
What is a generalist species?
1001 Updated 2023 Version with complete solution
What does biodegradable mean?
Substance or object capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living
organisms.
What is soil?
A complex mixture of eroded rock, mineral nutrients, decaying organic matter, water,
air, and billions of living organisms
What are soil horizons?
Horizontal zones that make up a mature soil. Each soil has a distinct texture and
composition that varies with different types of soils.
What are the soil horizons?
1. O horizon: (Surface litter layer) freshly fallen leaves, twigs, animal waste, fungi, &
other animals.
2. A horizon: (Topsoil) porous mix of organic matter called humus & some inorganic
mineral particles. Darker and looser than deeper layers.
3. B horizon: (Subsoil) Contains inorganic minerals, iron, aluminum, & clay from above
horizons.
4. C horizon: (Weathered Parent material) partially broken down inorganic minerals
lying on unweathered bedrock/parent material.
**Most of the soil's organic matter is in the O and A horizon.
What are the soil textures?
1. Sand = medium sized particles
2. Silt = fine particles
3. Clay = very fine particles
4. Gravel = coarse particles
What is soil erosion?
movement of soil components (especially the litter & topsoil) from one place to another.
What is soil conservation?
Various methods used to reduce soil erosion, most of which involve keeping the soil
covered with vegetation.
What are the two main agents of soil erosion?
Flowing Water & Wind
What is the Law of conservation of matter?
Matter can neither be created or destroyed.
It can change various elements and compounds from one physical or chemical form to
another but in no change can we create or destroy any of the atoms involved.
, What is physical change?
Change in the size and shape with no change in chemical composition.
What is chemical change?
Chemical composition of elements are altered but the same elements exist
What does biodiversity mean?
The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
What is biological evolution?
The process through which the characteristics of organisms change over successive
generations, by means of genetic variation and natural selection. It is most commonly
defined as "changes in gene frequencies in populations."
What are the different types biomes? (9)
1. Tundra
2.Boreal Forest (Northern Coniferous Forest)
3.Temperate Rain Forest
4.Temperate Deciduous Forest
5.Tropical Rain Forest
6.Mediterranean / Chaparral / Thorn Scrub
7. Grasslands
8.Savannas
9.Temperate Grasslands
(Deserts)
What are the 3 causes of wildlife extinction?
- Local extinction.
- Biological extinction
- Ecological extinction.
What are endangered species?
When a species has so few individual survivors that the species could soon become
extinct over all or most of its natural range.
How does energy flow in a food chain?
From bottom to the top.
What is environmental science?
An interdisciplinary study, combining ideas from natural science (biology, chemistry,
geology, etc.) and social sciences (economics, politics, ethics, etc.) to understand how
nature works, how we are impacted by nature, and how we impact nature.
What are estuaries?
The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream.
What are eukaryotes?
Any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within
membranes.
What are prokaryotes?
a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a
membrane nor other specialized organelles. Include:
- Bacteria.
- Cyanobacteria.
What is a generalist species?
