CCHT Exam Review
The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work, is the:
- answer Nephron
A nephron is made up of: - answer A glomerulus and a tubule
The endocrine functions of the kidney includes: - answer Making erythropoietin and
the active form of vitamin D
The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease for adult in the United States is: -
answer Diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by: -
answer Hyperphosphatemia
Why do kidney patients often have bone disease? - answer Kidneys stop producing
calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include: - answer Anorexia,
fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: - answer Allow for only certain
sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles: - answer From an area of higher concentration
Negative pressure is pressure created when: - answer Fluid is pulled through a
restriction
During dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when: - answer Water is removed from blood
because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
At which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure?
- answer The arterial line section before the blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse across the
semipermeable membrane? - answer High concentration gradients
The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance includes: - answer
Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
, Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include: -
answer Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
Dialysate is the fluid that help remove waiste products from the body. It contains a
number of substances. What are the substances that might be prescribed for a dialysate
solution? - answer Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment - answer The
dialysis technician
Dialysate conductivity measures: - answer The total electrical charge of a solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or
hypernatremia can cause: - answer Headache, high BP, and shriveling of RBCs
(crenation)
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause: - answer Vomiting, confusion,
irritability
Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause: - answer Low BP, cramping, and
bursting of RBCs (hemolysis)
Things that affect dialysis adequacy are: - answer -Treatment time
-BFR
-DFR
-Dialyzer clotting/inadequate heparinization
Normal body temp. taken orally is: - answer 98.6 degrees F
_______ is the instrument use to measure blood pressure - answer
Sphygmomanometer
A rapid pulse of 104 beats/min would indicate that the patient has: - answer
Tachycardia
Seizures during dialysis maybe cause by all of the following EXCEPT:
-Electrolyte imbalance
-Hypotension
-Sudden decrease in dialyzer clearance
-Dialysate composition - answer Sudden decrease in dialyzer clearance
________ is the normal range for a resting pulse rate in an adult: - answer 60-100
beats/min.
The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work, is the:
- answer Nephron
A nephron is made up of: - answer A glomerulus and a tubule
The endocrine functions of the kidney includes: - answer Making erythropoietin and
the active form of vitamin D
The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease for adult in the United States is: -
answer Diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by: -
answer Hyperphosphatemia
Why do kidney patients often have bone disease? - answer Kidneys stop producing
calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include: - answer Anorexia,
fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: - answer Allow for only certain
sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles: - answer From an area of higher concentration
Negative pressure is pressure created when: - answer Fluid is pulled through a
restriction
During dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when: - answer Water is removed from blood
because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
At which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure?
- answer The arterial line section before the blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse across the
semipermeable membrane? - answer High concentration gradients
The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance includes: - answer
Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
, Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include: -
answer Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
Dialysate is the fluid that help remove waiste products from the body. It contains a
number of substances. What are the substances that might be prescribed for a dialysate
solution? - answer Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment - answer The
dialysis technician
Dialysate conductivity measures: - answer The total electrical charge of a solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or
hypernatremia can cause: - answer Headache, high BP, and shriveling of RBCs
(crenation)
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause: - answer Vomiting, confusion,
irritability
Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause: - answer Low BP, cramping, and
bursting of RBCs (hemolysis)
Things that affect dialysis adequacy are: - answer -Treatment time
-BFR
-DFR
-Dialyzer clotting/inadequate heparinization
Normal body temp. taken orally is: - answer 98.6 degrees F
_______ is the instrument use to measure blood pressure - answer
Sphygmomanometer
A rapid pulse of 104 beats/min would indicate that the patient has: - answer
Tachycardia
Seizures during dialysis maybe cause by all of the following EXCEPT:
-Electrolyte imbalance
-Hypotension
-Sudden decrease in dialyzer clearance
-Dialysate composition - answer Sudden decrease in dialyzer clearance
________ is the normal range for a resting pulse rate in an adult: - answer 60-100
beats/min.
