Chapter 15: Reproductive System Martin Caon Examination Questions and Answers in Basic Anatomy and Physiology Third Edition

Martin Caon Examination Questions and Answers in Basic Anatomy and Physiology Third Edition Chapter 15: Reproductive System 15.1 Reproductive Anatomy 1. Where are the male ejaculatory ducts? a. In the testicles before the epididymis b. In the penis c. Between the bulbourethral glands and the urethra d. At the end of the vas deferens (ductus deferens) Answer is D: The ejaculatory ducts commence where the ducts of the seminal glands join the vas deferens and end where the vas deferens join with the urethra. 2. In which of the following lists are the structures of the male reproductive tract listed in correct order from testes to urethra? a. Ejaculatory ducts, seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens b. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts c. Epididymis, ejaculatory ducts, seminiferous tubules, vas deferens d. Vas deferens, seminiferous tubules, epididymis, ejaculatory ducts Answer is B: Seminiferous tubules are in the testes so should be before the epididymis and vas deferens; ejaculatory ducts must be after the vas deferens. 3. Which one of the following is NOT a secondary sex characteristic? a. Adult male body shape b. Thicker vocal cords of a male c. Pubic hair d. Penis Answer is D: Secondary sex characteristics are those that develop after puberty, that is, are not present at birth. 4. Where should fertilisation of the egg by a sperm occur? a. In the cervix b. In the uterus c. In the fallopian tube d. In the abdominal cavity between ovary and fallopian tube Answer is C: Fluid from the “peg” cells of fallopian tube assists in the capacitation of sperm allowing them to fertilise the egg. 5. Which of the listed structures does the male reproductive tract pass through? a. Prostate b. Bulbourethral gland c. Seminiferous vesicles d. Bladder Answer is A: The ducts from the seminal glands join with the vas deferens to become the ejaculatory ducts and enter the prostate. There they both join the urethra which then exits the prostate. 6. What is the name of the tube that carries sperm from the testes to the prostate gland? a. Vas deferens b. Ejaculatory duct c. Seminiferous tubule d. Urethra Answer is A: The vas deferens (= ductus deferens) begins at the epididymis and ends at the ejaculatory duct in the prostate. 7. Where are the ejaculatory ducts? a. In the testes b. Between the testes and the prostate c. Within the prostate d. Between the prostate and the external urethral meatus Answer is C: Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate and open into the urethra. 8. Where does fertilisation of the ovum normally occur? a. In the cervical canal b. In the ovary c. In the uterus d. In the fallopian tube Answer is D: The sperm meet the ovum in the ampulla of the fallopian tube (= uterine tube) where fertilisation takes place, facilitated by the secretions of the peg cells. 9. Which list of structures in the male reproductive tract has them in correct sequence? a. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, ejaculatory duct b. Epididymis, seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra c. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra d. Epididymis, seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, urethra, ejaculatory duct Answer is C: Seminiferous tubules must precede the epididymis; and the ejaculatory duct must precede the urethra. 10. Male sterilisation (vasectomy) involves the cutting of which tube? a. Ejaculatory duct b. Epididymis c. Urethra d. Ductus deferens Answer is D: Vasectomy involves removing a piece of the ductus deferens (vas deferens) from a site within the scrotum. 11. Which cells develop into the corpus luteum? a. Granulosa cells b. Interstitial cells c. Cells of the antrum d. Thecal cells Answer is A: Granulosa cells invade the ruptured antrum and proliferate to become the CC. 12. From which source does the majority of the volume of a male ejaculation come? a. Epididymis b. Seminiferous tubules c. Seminal vesicles d. Prostate gland Answer is C: The seminal vesicles provide about 60% of ejaculate volume. 13. What is a fertilised egg known as? a. Ovum b. Zygote c. Embryo d. Blastocyst Answer is B: The fertilised egg, before it begins to divide, is known as a zygote. 14. What is the section of the male reproductive tract within which sperm are produced called? a. Urethra b. Epididymis c. Vas deferens d. Seminiferous tubules Answer is D: The seminiferous tubules of the testes produce sperm. 15. In the male reproductive tract, where are sperm produced? a. Seminiferous tubules b. Epididymis c. Sertoli cells of the testes d. Leydig cells of the testes Answer is A: In the seminiferous tubules, stem cells called spermatogonia undergo meiosis to become sperm cells. 16. What is the “external urethral meatus” another name for? a. Shaft of the penis b. The opening of the tube at the end of the penis c. The prostate gland d. The scrotum Answer is B: The external urethral meatus, also known as the external urethral orifice, is the opening or meatus of the urethra. It is the point where urine exits the urethra in males. 17. After ejaculation, sperm travel through the structures of the female reproductive tract in which order? a. Vagina, uterus, fallopian tube, ovary b. Cervix, vagina, uterus, fallopian tube c. Vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tube d. Cervix, urethra, uterus, fallopian tube Answer is C: Sperm eventually reach the fallopian tube after gaining entry to the uterus via the cervix. The urethra is not part of the female reproductive tract. 18. The hormone progesterone is released by which structure? a. Anterior pituitary b. Corpus luteum c. Hypothalamus d. The adrenal glands Answer is B: If progesterone was produced by any of the other structures, then men would have it too. 19. What is the function of follicle-stimulating hormone in the male? To stimulate the: a. Production of sperm b. Release of testosterone c. Release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone d. Release of luteinising hormone Answer is A: FSH stimulates the production or maturation of gametes. In the male, the production of sperm. 20. Sperm gain motility as they pass through which structure? a. Lumen of the seminiferous tubule b. Prostatic part of the urethra c. Ductus deferens d. Epididymis Answer is B: In the prostate, sperm are mixed with seminal fluid from the seminal vesicles. This fluid mobilises the flagellum of a sperm cell.