Nur 514 - Exam 1 Study Questions
What are the 5 steps of the nursing process & an example of each? - answers
Assessment - Collecting subjective & objective data from the patient
Diagnosis -Data is collected & analyzed in order to make a nursing judgment
Planning - Nurse decides the best plan while considering data
Implementation -Carrying out the plan
Evaluation -Determining whether plan was successful & what can be improved
Write an example of an initial comprehensive assessment -ongoing/partial assessment -
focused assessment & emergent assessment - answers Initial comprehensive: seeing
a new patient for the first time at that practice
Ongoing/partial: a check up/follow up
Emergent: Pt coming into ER w/ gunshot wound
Focused: Pt broke arm or is having stomach pains
How can the nurse prepare for the assessment? - answers Review pt record
Review pt previous & current health status w/ other healthcare professionals
Take time to educate themselves about pt diagnosis & tests performed
What is a nursing diagnosis? Give an example. - answers Data analyzed and by
definition of NANDA "a clinical judgment concerning a human response to health
conditions/life processes, or vulnerability for that response by an individual, family,
group or community." It serves as a basis for nursing interventions w/ achievable
outcomes by nursing staff
Example: Pt came back from surgery → "Risk for infection r/t new incision & increased
WBC from possible inflammation"
What is the health belief model? When would we use it? - answers The health belief
model is based on 3 concepts:
the existence of sufficient motivation
the belief that one is susceptible or vulnerable to a serious problem
the belief that change following a health recommendation would be beneficial to the
individual at a level of acceptable cost.
This model would be used to analyze health promotion and disease prevention.
,What are some examples of subjective data? - answers Anything patient states
Does not involve measured, numeric data
Examples: sensations/symptoms, feelings, perceptions, desires, preferences, beliefs,
ideas, values, personal information
What are the 3 phases of the interview? Define them. - answers Pre Introductory:
Review medical record
Introductory:
Nurse introduces themselves
Explain purpose of the interview, what type of questions will be asked, and why they will
be taking notes
Nurses makes sure pt is comfortable and ensures their privacy
Working phase:
Nurse listens to patients comments on biographical data, reasons for seeking care,
history of present health concern, past health history, family history, review of body
systems for current health problems, lifestyle & health practices
Nurse & patient together determine pt problem & goal
Summary & Closing:
Nurse summarizes information obtained during working phase & validates pt problems
and goals
They discuss possible plans to resolve the problem
Nurse asks if there are any other questions or concerns
Give examples of nonverbal communication & what to avoid when interviewing a patient
- answers Nonverbal communication pertains to anything & everything that is not
communicated directly using your voice to speak
Examples: silence, stands (hands folded over chest), body language (standing vs.
sitting, too much eye contact vs. not enough)
Nurse interviewer should avoid silence & having an aggressive stance/body language,
maintain an appropriate amount of eye contact
Give examples of verbal communication tactics - answers Open ended questions
Close ended questions
Laundry listing
Giving options: "is pain sharp, radiating, pulsing, etc."
Rephrasing the question
Well-placed phrases
Inferring
Providing information
What are some examples of cultural - emotional & age related considerations when
conducting an assessment? - answers Example: Assessment on Indian girl
No male presence in the room, even if it is her father
Have mom there for emotional support
For age, do not ask any questions related to personal matters in front of her mom
Age related example: hearing abilities of pt.
, Cultural example: space b/w you and pt.
What mnemonic is used to explore pt symptoms? What does each letter in the
mnemonic stand for? - answers COLDSPA
Character: describe the signs/symptoms (feeling, appearance, smell, sound taste)
Onset: when did it begin?
Location: where is it? Where does it radiate? Other locations?
Duration: how long does it last? Is it continuous or intermittent?
Severity: how bad is the pain (0-10)?
Pattern: what relieves it? What worsens it?
Associated factors: other symptoms that may be related to the main symptom?
What kind of information is explored when you review the lifestyle & health practice of
the patient? - answers Description of a typical day (AM to PM)
Nutrition & weight management
24 hr dietary intake (foods & fluids)
Who purchases & prepares meals?
Activities on a typical day
Exercise patterns & habits
Sleep & rest patterns
Use of medications and other substances (caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, recreational
drugs)
Self concept
Self care responsibilities
Social activities for fun & relaxation
Relationships w/ family, significant others, pets
Values, religious affiliation, spirituality
Past, current, & future plans for education
Type of work, level of job satisfaction, work stressors
Finances
Stressors in life, coping strategies
Residency, type of environment, neighborhood
Environmental risks
What are some examples of objective data? - answers Presence of a wound
Vital signs
Ht/wt
General appearance
Level of consciousness
Anything the nurse can see with their own eyes
What are the 4 physical exam techniques that you must do in order? - answers
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
Always inspect before touching pt so you don't change appearance of the skin
What are the 5 steps of the nursing process & an example of each? - answers
Assessment - Collecting subjective & objective data from the patient
Diagnosis -Data is collected & analyzed in order to make a nursing judgment
Planning - Nurse decides the best plan while considering data
Implementation -Carrying out the plan
Evaluation -Determining whether plan was successful & what can be improved
Write an example of an initial comprehensive assessment -ongoing/partial assessment -
focused assessment & emergent assessment - answers Initial comprehensive: seeing
a new patient for the first time at that practice
Ongoing/partial: a check up/follow up
Emergent: Pt coming into ER w/ gunshot wound
Focused: Pt broke arm or is having stomach pains
How can the nurse prepare for the assessment? - answers Review pt record
Review pt previous & current health status w/ other healthcare professionals
Take time to educate themselves about pt diagnosis & tests performed
What is a nursing diagnosis? Give an example. - answers Data analyzed and by
definition of NANDA "a clinical judgment concerning a human response to health
conditions/life processes, or vulnerability for that response by an individual, family,
group or community." It serves as a basis for nursing interventions w/ achievable
outcomes by nursing staff
Example: Pt came back from surgery → "Risk for infection r/t new incision & increased
WBC from possible inflammation"
What is the health belief model? When would we use it? - answers The health belief
model is based on 3 concepts:
the existence of sufficient motivation
the belief that one is susceptible or vulnerable to a serious problem
the belief that change following a health recommendation would be beneficial to the
individual at a level of acceptable cost.
This model would be used to analyze health promotion and disease prevention.
,What are some examples of subjective data? - answers Anything patient states
Does not involve measured, numeric data
Examples: sensations/symptoms, feelings, perceptions, desires, preferences, beliefs,
ideas, values, personal information
What are the 3 phases of the interview? Define them. - answers Pre Introductory:
Review medical record
Introductory:
Nurse introduces themselves
Explain purpose of the interview, what type of questions will be asked, and why they will
be taking notes
Nurses makes sure pt is comfortable and ensures their privacy
Working phase:
Nurse listens to patients comments on biographical data, reasons for seeking care,
history of present health concern, past health history, family history, review of body
systems for current health problems, lifestyle & health practices
Nurse & patient together determine pt problem & goal
Summary & Closing:
Nurse summarizes information obtained during working phase & validates pt problems
and goals
They discuss possible plans to resolve the problem
Nurse asks if there are any other questions or concerns
Give examples of nonverbal communication & what to avoid when interviewing a patient
- answers Nonverbal communication pertains to anything & everything that is not
communicated directly using your voice to speak
Examples: silence, stands (hands folded over chest), body language (standing vs.
sitting, too much eye contact vs. not enough)
Nurse interviewer should avoid silence & having an aggressive stance/body language,
maintain an appropriate amount of eye contact
Give examples of verbal communication tactics - answers Open ended questions
Close ended questions
Laundry listing
Giving options: "is pain sharp, radiating, pulsing, etc."
Rephrasing the question
Well-placed phrases
Inferring
Providing information
What are some examples of cultural - emotional & age related considerations when
conducting an assessment? - answers Example: Assessment on Indian girl
No male presence in the room, even if it is her father
Have mom there for emotional support
For age, do not ask any questions related to personal matters in front of her mom
Age related example: hearing abilities of pt.
, Cultural example: space b/w you and pt.
What mnemonic is used to explore pt symptoms? What does each letter in the
mnemonic stand for? - answers COLDSPA
Character: describe the signs/symptoms (feeling, appearance, smell, sound taste)
Onset: when did it begin?
Location: where is it? Where does it radiate? Other locations?
Duration: how long does it last? Is it continuous or intermittent?
Severity: how bad is the pain (0-10)?
Pattern: what relieves it? What worsens it?
Associated factors: other symptoms that may be related to the main symptom?
What kind of information is explored when you review the lifestyle & health practice of
the patient? - answers Description of a typical day (AM to PM)
Nutrition & weight management
24 hr dietary intake (foods & fluids)
Who purchases & prepares meals?
Activities on a typical day
Exercise patterns & habits
Sleep & rest patterns
Use of medications and other substances (caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, recreational
drugs)
Self concept
Self care responsibilities
Social activities for fun & relaxation
Relationships w/ family, significant others, pets
Values, religious affiliation, spirituality
Past, current, & future plans for education
Type of work, level of job satisfaction, work stressors
Finances
Stressors in life, coping strategies
Residency, type of environment, neighborhood
Environmental risks
What are some examples of objective data? - answers Presence of a wound
Vital signs
Ht/wt
General appearance
Level of consciousness
Anything the nurse can see with their own eyes
What are the 4 physical exam techniques that you must do in order? - answers
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
Always inspect before touching pt so you don't change appearance of the skin
