FTCE Elementary Education k-6
Language Arts and Reading
The 5 Components of Reading - answerphonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocabulary, comprehension
Phonemic Awareness - answerThe ability to hear and manipulate the sounds of spoken
language. Includes noticing rhyme and recognizing the separate, small sounds in words
(phonemes).
Phonics - answerThe understanding of the relationships between the written letters of
the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language. This knowledge allows a reader to
"decode" words by translating the letters into speech sounds.
Fluency - answerThe ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper expression.
Vocabulary - answerIncludes all the words the reader can understand and use.
Comprehension - answerAbility to understand what one has read. Includes recognizing
main idea of article or able to compare and contrast different characters.
Word Recognition - answerthe student has ability to visually identify words in isolation or
context.
Phases of word recognition - answerpre-alphabetic, partial-alphabetic, full-alphabetic,
graphophonemic, and morphemic.
Text to self - answerthe reader made a connection from the reading to own personal
life.
Text to text - answerthe reader made a connection from the reading to another book
with similar writing style, theme, or topic.
Text to world - answerthe reader made a connection from the reading to a topic or an
event that has taken place in the world.
Critical Thinking Strategies - answermaking connections, making predictions,
questioning, summarizing
Making predictions - answeruse title and illustration on cover to predict what a text will
be about aids comprehension. Throughout reading, predictions can be affirmed or
revised.
, Questioning - answerhelps students make meaning of text being read. Questions about
text, author's intent etc.
"Right there" questions (text explicit) - answerliteral questions. Answer in the text itself.
"Think and search" (text implicit) - answerthe answer is implicit in text. Student must
synthesize, infer, or summarize to find answer.
"Reader and author" (implicit or experienced based) - answerReader must combine own
experience with what texts states.
"On my own" (implicit or experienced based) - answerReader must generate answer
from prior knowledge.
Summarizing - answerto simply and concisely paraphrase what has been read.
Reading Fluency - answeraccuracy, automaticity, rate, prosody
Accuracy - answerability to correctly read the words in a text
Automaticity - answerability to instantly recognize a large bank of words to quickly
decode unfamiliar words.
Rate - answerspeed of reading
Prosody - answerability to read with appropriate rhythm, intonation, and expression.
Reading Comprehension - answerMain idea, supporting details and facts, author's
purpose, fact and opinion, point of view, inference, visualize, conclusion
Main idea - answerDetermining the essential message of a reading selection.
Supporting details and facts - answerprovides the reader with the vital info needed to
synthesize and summarize.
Author's purpose - answerCould be to explain, inform, persuade, or entertain.
Fact and opinion - answerStudents should know difference when reading.
Point of view - answerStudents should be able to identify which __________ an author
is writing.
Inference - answer"Reading between the lines." Often includes merging what is already
known about topic to new information presented.
Visualize - answerCreate mental pictures in one's mind.
Language Arts and Reading
The 5 Components of Reading - answerphonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocabulary, comprehension
Phonemic Awareness - answerThe ability to hear and manipulate the sounds of spoken
language. Includes noticing rhyme and recognizing the separate, small sounds in words
(phonemes).
Phonics - answerThe understanding of the relationships between the written letters of
the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language. This knowledge allows a reader to
"decode" words by translating the letters into speech sounds.
Fluency - answerThe ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper expression.
Vocabulary - answerIncludes all the words the reader can understand and use.
Comprehension - answerAbility to understand what one has read. Includes recognizing
main idea of article or able to compare and contrast different characters.
Word Recognition - answerthe student has ability to visually identify words in isolation or
context.
Phases of word recognition - answerpre-alphabetic, partial-alphabetic, full-alphabetic,
graphophonemic, and morphemic.
Text to self - answerthe reader made a connection from the reading to own personal
life.
Text to text - answerthe reader made a connection from the reading to another book
with similar writing style, theme, or topic.
Text to world - answerthe reader made a connection from the reading to a topic or an
event that has taken place in the world.
Critical Thinking Strategies - answermaking connections, making predictions,
questioning, summarizing
Making predictions - answeruse title and illustration on cover to predict what a text will
be about aids comprehension. Throughout reading, predictions can be affirmed or
revised.
, Questioning - answerhelps students make meaning of text being read. Questions about
text, author's intent etc.
"Right there" questions (text explicit) - answerliteral questions. Answer in the text itself.
"Think and search" (text implicit) - answerthe answer is implicit in text. Student must
synthesize, infer, or summarize to find answer.
"Reader and author" (implicit or experienced based) - answerReader must combine own
experience with what texts states.
"On my own" (implicit or experienced based) - answerReader must generate answer
from prior knowledge.
Summarizing - answerto simply and concisely paraphrase what has been read.
Reading Fluency - answeraccuracy, automaticity, rate, prosody
Accuracy - answerability to correctly read the words in a text
Automaticity - answerability to instantly recognize a large bank of words to quickly
decode unfamiliar words.
Rate - answerspeed of reading
Prosody - answerability to read with appropriate rhythm, intonation, and expression.
Reading Comprehension - answerMain idea, supporting details and facts, author's
purpose, fact and opinion, point of view, inference, visualize, conclusion
Main idea - answerDetermining the essential message of a reading selection.
Supporting details and facts - answerprovides the reader with the vital info needed to
synthesize and summarize.
Author's purpose - answerCould be to explain, inform, persuade, or entertain.
Fact and opinion - answerStudents should know difference when reading.
Point of view - answerStudents should be able to identify which __________ an author
is writing.
Inference - answer"Reading between the lines." Often includes merging what is already
known about topic to new information presented.
Visualize - answerCreate mental pictures in one's mind.
