payhip.com/aba-2024
Authored by:
Anas Sabobeh
SEN, IBA, QASP-S
Study Tips:
• Make a plan.
• Create a relaxed study environment.
• Take regular breaks.
• Don't get distracted by social media.
• Drink plenty of water and eat well.
• Reward yourself.
• Don't do all-nighters, you will regret it!
• ** This file was designed to be a study aid for the QASP-S, ABAT, and IBT exams
and should not be used as a sole resource for studying.
• Visit our store for more products:
https://payhip.com/ABA2024
, payhip.com/aba-2024
A - Autism Spectrum Disorder Basics
• Describe why Autism is considered a spectrum disorder
ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition that is complex to define and diagnose.
The rationale for using a dimensional rather than a categorical concept of ASD is
that a single umbrella term of ASD, with specific information about the level of
expression is more accurate and consistent with the research literature and
clinical experience.
• Identify the historical definitions of Autism
Autism was considered to be an expression of schizophrenia or psychosis in
childhood and the cause is the mother not loving the child.
• Identify the currently accepted prevalence rates of Autism
1 in 59 children. Boys 4 times more like than girls
• Triad of impairments
1. Social communication
2. Social interaction
3. Repetitive/restricted (imagination)
• Demonstrate an understanding of the possible causes of Autism
1. Genetics (Important)
2. Environment
3. Early childhood
4. Metabolism
5. Infections in pregnancy
• Identify the common characteristics of Autism
1. Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple
contexts.
2. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
3. The symptoms are present in the early developmental period.
4. Clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
current functioning.
5. These disturbances are not better explained by intellectual disability or global
developmental delay.
• Common Characteristics of ASD
1. problems with social interaction with others.
2. unusual interest in objects
3. great variation in abilities
4. repeated
5. unusual emotional reactions and expressions
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• Common co-morbidities with ASD:
1. Epilepsy/seizures
2. Sleep disorders/disturbance
3. ADHD
4. Gastrointestinal disorders
5. Feeding/eating challenges
6. Obesity
7. Anxiety
8. Depression
9. Bipolar disorder
• Methods of Diagnosis for ASD
1. Developmental Screening
2. Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation
• Typical Milestones: Social Emotional
4 years old: enjoys doing new things, interacts with others, prefers social interaction to
isolation
5 years old: show concern for others, agree to more rules, aware of gender, more
independence in social scenarios
6-8 years: more attention to friendships, wants to be liked and accepted, thinks about
future, understands place in the world
• Typical Milestones: Language and Communication
4 years old: knows basic rules of grammar, can tell stories, can say first and last name
5 years old: speaks, tells a simple story in complete sentences, uses future tense, says
name and address.
• Typical Milestones: Cognitive
4 years old: name some colors and numbers, understand the idea of counting, start to
understand time, remember parts of a story, know the difference between same and
different, play board and card games, say what will happen next in a book
5 years old: can count 10 or more things, can print some letters and numbers, can copy
basic geometric shapes, knows about things used everyday like food and money
6-8 years: rapid development of cognitive skills, more concern for others
• Typical Milestones: Motor
4 years old: hops/stands on one foot for up to 2 seconds, catches bounced ball most of
the time, pours and cuts with supervision, mashes own food
5 years old: stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer, hops, skips, somersaults, use
eating utensils, use the toilet independently
, payhip.com/aba-2024
• Typical Milestones: 4 years old
Social-Emotional: enjoys doing new things, interacts with others, prefers social
interaction to isolation
Language and Communication: knows basic rules of grammar, can tell stories, can say
first and last name
Cognitive: name some colors and numbers, understands the idea of counting, starts to
understand time, remembers parts of a story, knows the difference between same and
different, plays board and card games, says what will happen next in a book
Motor: hops/stands on one foot for up to 2 seconds, catches bounced ball most of the
time, pours and cuts with supervision, mashes own food
• Typical Milestones 5 years old
Social-Emotional: show concern for others, agree to more rules, be aware of gender,
more independent in social scenarios
Language and Communication: speaks, tells a simple story in complete sentences, uses
future tense, says name and address
Cognitive: can count 10 or more things, can print some letters and numbers, can copy
basic geometric shapes, knows about things used everyday like food and money
Motor: stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer, hops, skips, somersaults, use eating
utensils, use the toilet independently
• Typical Milestones 6-8 years old
Social-Emotional: more attention to friendships, wants to be liked and accepted, thinks
about the future, understands place in the world
Cognitive: rapid development of cognitive skills, more concern for others
‘Red flags’ used in early diagnosis:
The early warning signs for ASD include concerns about a child's
social skills, communication, and restricted or repetitive patterns of
behaviors, interests, activities, and emotional regulation.
Social stories
Explain social situations to autistic children and help them learn ways of behaving in these
situations.
Example:
Going to the supermarket or about behavioral strategies for example “It's okay to feel angry
but it's not okay to hit, next time take a deep breath and think.”
Authored by:
Anas Sabobeh
SEN, IBA, QASP-S
Study Tips:
• Make a plan.
• Create a relaxed study environment.
• Take regular breaks.
• Don't get distracted by social media.
• Drink plenty of water and eat well.
• Reward yourself.
• Don't do all-nighters, you will regret it!
• ** This file was designed to be a study aid for the QASP-S, ABAT, and IBT exams
and should not be used as a sole resource for studying.
• Visit our store for more products:
https://payhip.com/ABA2024
, payhip.com/aba-2024
A - Autism Spectrum Disorder Basics
• Describe why Autism is considered a spectrum disorder
ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition that is complex to define and diagnose.
The rationale for using a dimensional rather than a categorical concept of ASD is
that a single umbrella term of ASD, with specific information about the level of
expression is more accurate and consistent with the research literature and
clinical experience.
• Identify the historical definitions of Autism
Autism was considered to be an expression of schizophrenia or psychosis in
childhood and the cause is the mother not loving the child.
• Identify the currently accepted prevalence rates of Autism
1 in 59 children. Boys 4 times more like than girls
• Triad of impairments
1. Social communication
2. Social interaction
3. Repetitive/restricted (imagination)
• Demonstrate an understanding of the possible causes of Autism
1. Genetics (Important)
2. Environment
3. Early childhood
4. Metabolism
5. Infections in pregnancy
• Identify the common characteristics of Autism
1. Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple
contexts.
2. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
3. The symptoms are present in the early developmental period.
4. Clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
current functioning.
5. These disturbances are not better explained by intellectual disability or global
developmental delay.
• Common Characteristics of ASD
1. problems with social interaction with others.
2. unusual interest in objects
3. great variation in abilities
4. repeated
5. unusual emotional reactions and expressions
, payhip.com/aba-2024
• Common co-morbidities with ASD:
1. Epilepsy/seizures
2. Sleep disorders/disturbance
3. ADHD
4. Gastrointestinal disorders
5. Feeding/eating challenges
6. Obesity
7. Anxiety
8. Depression
9. Bipolar disorder
• Methods of Diagnosis for ASD
1. Developmental Screening
2. Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation
• Typical Milestones: Social Emotional
4 years old: enjoys doing new things, interacts with others, prefers social interaction to
isolation
5 years old: show concern for others, agree to more rules, aware of gender, more
independence in social scenarios
6-8 years: more attention to friendships, wants to be liked and accepted, thinks about
future, understands place in the world
• Typical Milestones: Language and Communication
4 years old: knows basic rules of grammar, can tell stories, can say first and last name
5 years old: speaks, tells a simple story in complete sentences, uses future tense, says
name and address.
• Typical Milestones: Cognitive
4 years old: name some colors and numbers, understand the idea of counting, start to
understand time, remember parts of a story, know the difference between same and
different, play board and card games, say what will happen next in a book
5 years old: can count 10 or more things, can print some letters and numbers, can copy
basic geometric shapes, knows about things used everyday like food and money
6-8 years: rapid development of cognitive skills, more concern for others
• Typical Milestones: Motor
4 years old: hops/stands on one foot for up to 2 seconds, catches bounced ball most of
the time, pours and cuts with supervision, mashes own food
5 years old: stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer, hops, skips, somersaults, use
eating utensils, use the toilet independently
, payhip.com/aba-2024
• Typical Milestones: 4 years old
Social-Emotional: enjoys doing new things, interacts with others, prefers social
interaction to isolation
Language and Communication: knows basic rules of grammar, can tell stories, can say
first and last name
Cognitive: name some colors and numbers, understands the idea of counting, starts to
understand time, remembers parts of a story, knows the difference between same and
different, plays board and card games, says what will happen next in a book
Motor: hops/stands on one foot for up to 2 seconds, catches bounced ball most of the
time, pours and cuts with supervision, mashes own food
• Typical Milestones 5 years old
Social-Emotional: show concern for others, agree to more rules, be aware of gender,
more independent in social scenarios
Language and Communication: speaks, tells a simple story in complete sentences, uses
future tense, says name and address
Cognitive: can count 10 or more things, can print some letters and numbers, can copy
basic geometric shapes, knows about things used everyday like food and money
Motor: stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer, hops, skips, somersaults, use eating
utensils, use the toilet independently
• Typical Milestones 6-8 years old
Social-Emotional: more attention to friendships, wants to be liked and accepted, thinks
about the future, understands place in the world
Cognitive: rapid development of cognitive skills, more concern for others
‘Red flags’ used in early diagnosis:
The early warning signs for ASD include concerns about a child's
social skills, communication, and restricted or repetitive patterns of
behaviors, interests, activities, and emotional regulation.
Social stories
Explain social situations to autistic children and help them learn ways of behaving in these
situations.
Example:
Going to the supermarket or about behavioral strategies for example “It's okay to feel angry
but it's not okay to hit, next time take a deep breath and think.”
