NR 509 Week 4
MidtermAdvanced Physical
Assessment Complete guide A+
Week 4
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels
• The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
• Pericardium.
• Myocardium.
• Endocardium.
• Pleural space.
• The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these?
• Vena cava right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary artery left atrium left ventricle
• Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle
• Aorta right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle vena cava
• Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary artery left atrium left ventricle
• The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which
statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
• The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
• Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
• Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during systole.
• The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the ventricles.
• When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard best
atthe base of the heart are:
• Mitral and tricuspid.
• Tricuspid and aortic.
• Aortic and pulmonic.
• Mitral and pulmonic.
• Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac cycle?
• The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
• The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
• The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
• Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.
• The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is the:
• Atrioventricular (AV) node.
• Sinoatrial (SA) node.
• Bundle of His.
• Bundle branches.
• The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
• AV node SA node bundle of His
• Bundle of His AV node SA node
• SA node AV node bundle of His bundle branches * correct answer!
• AV node SA node bundle of His bundle branches- bank answer- IS WRONG!
, • The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his ankles
include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when the head of his bed is
elevated 45degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
• Decreased fluid volume.
• Increased cardiac output.
• Narrowing of jugular veins.
• Elevated pressure related to heart failure.
• When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which of
thesestatements to be true?
• The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
• The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
• Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial septum.
• The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus arteriosus
closes immediately after.
• A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of 100/70 mm
Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her blood pressure in her
second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this change, what does the nurse know to be
true?
• This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an
expectedchange.
• Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this time.
• This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a decrease
incardiac output.
• This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume, which
isdangerous for the fetus.
• In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100 mm
Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart sound. Which
ofthese findings can be explained by expected hemodynamic changes related to age?
• Increase in resting heart rate
• Increase in systolic blood pressure
• Decrease in diastolic blood pressure
• Increase in diastolic blood pressure
• A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the recording
ofhis health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty sleeping. I'll be
sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I cant get my breath. The nurse's best response
to this would be:
• When was your last electrocardiogram?
• It's probably because its been so hot at night.
• Do you have any history of problems with your heart?
• Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?
• In assessing a patient's major risk factors for heart disease, which would the nurse want
to include when taking a history?
• Family history, hypertension, stress, and age
• Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking
• Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol
MidtermAdvanced Physical
Assessment Complete guide A+
Week 4
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels
• The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
• Pericardium.
• Myocardium.
• Endocardium.
• Pleural space.
• The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these?
• Vena cava right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary artery left atrium left ventricle
• Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle
• Aorta right atrium right ventricle lungs pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle vena cava
• Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein lungs pulmonary artery left atrium left ventricle
• The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which
statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
• The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
• Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
• Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during systole.
• The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the ventricles.
• When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard best
atthe base of the heart are:
• Mitral and tricuspid.
• Tricuspid and aortic.
• Aortic and pulmonic.
• Mitral and pulmonic.
• Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac cycle?
• The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
• The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
• The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
• Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.
• The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is the:
• Atrioventricular (AV) node.
• Sinoatrial (SA) node.
• Bundle of His.
• Bundle branches.
• The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
• AV node SA node bundle of His
• Bundle of His AV node SA node
• SA node AV node bundle of His bundle branches * correct answer!
• AV node SA node bundle of His bundle branches- bank answer- IS WRONG!
, • The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his ankles
include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when the head of his bed is
elevated 45degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
• Decreased fluid volume.
• Increased cardiac output.
• Narrowing of jugular veins.
• Elevated pressure related to heart failure.
• When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which of
thesestatements to be true?
• The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
• The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
• Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial septum.
• The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus arteriosus
closes immediately after.
• A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of 100/70 mm
Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her blood pressure in her
second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this change, what does the nurse know to be
true?
• This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an
expectedchange.
• Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this time.
• This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a decrease
incardiac output.
• This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume, which
isdangerous for the fetus.
• In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100 mm
Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart sound. Which
ofthese findings can be explained by expected hemodynamic changes related to age?
• Increase in resting heart rate
• Increase in systolic blood pressure
• Decrease in diastolic blood pressure
• Increase in diastolic blood pressure
• A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the recording
ofhis health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty sleeping. I'll be
sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I cant get my breath. The nurse's best response
to this would be:
• When was your last electrocardiogram?
• It's probably because its been so hot at night.
• Do you have any history of problems with your heart?
• Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?
• In assessing a patient's major risk factors for heart disease, which would the nurse want
to include when taking a history?
• Family history, hypertension, stress, and age
• Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking
• Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol
