CCRN Review
Heart rate (HR) - ANS60-100 beats/min
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) - ANS70-105 mmHg
Cardiac output (CO) - ANS4-5 L/min
Cardiac index (CI) - ANS2.5-4.5 L/min/m2
Stroke volume (SV) - ANS50-100 ml/beat
Stroke index (SI) - ANS35-60 ml/m2/beat
Right arterial pressure (RAP) - ANS4-8 mmHg
Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) - ANSSystolic 15-30 mmHg
Diastolic 5-15 mmHg
Pulmonary artery occlusive pressure (PAOP) - ANS8-12 mmHg
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) - ANS800-1200 dynes/sec/cm-5
Systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) - ANS1970-2390 dynes/se/com-5/m2
Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) - ANS100-250 dynes/sec/cm-5
Pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) - ANS255-285 dyens/sec/cim-5/m2
Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) - ANS95-100%
Venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) - ANS60-80%
Delivery of oxygen (DO2) - ANS550-650 ml/min/m2
Oxygen consumption (VO2) - ANS200-250 ml/min
Inferior leads and artery - cardiac - ANSLead II, III, aVF - RCA
Anterior septal leads and artery - cardiac - ANSLead V1, V2 - LM
Anterior leads and artery - cardiac - ANSLead V3, V4 - LAD
Low lateral lead and artery - cardiac - ANSLead V5, V6 - LCX
High lateral lead - cardiac - ANSLead I, aVL
, Symptoms of Left heart failure - ANSOrthopnea, dyspnea, crackles, Low PaO2, SaO2 &
SpO2, S3 & S4, Increased PAOP & PA pressures
Symptoms of Right heart failure - ANSJVD, Peripheral edema, Hepatomegaly, Increased
CVP/RAP, S3 & S4
Symptoms of Systolic heart failure - ANSDecreased stroke volume, decreased ejection
fraction, S3 and enlarged heart
Symptoms of Diastolic heart failure - ANSDecreased stroke volume, normal ejection
fraction, S4, normal heart size
Laboratory signs of DIC - ANSDecreased platelets
Increased PT/INR
Increased aPTT
Decreased fibrinogen
Increased FSP
Increased D-Dimer
Physical signs of DIC - ANSHypotension, Petechia, Purpura, Bruising, Bleeding in oral,
GI/GU, or pulmonary
Chvostek's Sign - ANSFacial muscle twitching when cheek is tapped - Hypocalcemia
Trousseau's Sign - ANSSpasming of the hand when the bp cuff is inflated beyong systolic
pressure for >3 min - Hypocalcemia
Grey Turner's Sign - ANSBruising of the flanks, appearing as a blue discoloration -
retroperitoneal bleed
Cullen's Sign - ANSSuperficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around
the umbilicus - Intraperitoneal bleed
Kehr's Sign - ANSAcute pain in the tip of the shoulder when a person is lying down and the
legs are elevated - splenic rupture
Calculation of anion gap - ANS(Na + K) - (CL + HCO3) *Cations - Anions
Normal is < 15
PaO2/FiO2 Ratio (P/F ratio) - ANSMeasures the difference between oxygen content in PaO2
divided by the FiO2. Used to predict shunting and hypoxemia
<300 = ALI
Heart rate (HR) - ANS60-100 beats/min
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) - ANS70-105 mmHg
Cardiac output (CO) - ANS4-5 L/min
Cardiac index (CI) - ANS2.5-4.5 L/min/m2
Stroke volume (SV) - ANS50-100 ml/beat
Stroke index (SI) - ANS35-60 ml/m2/beat
Right arterial pressure (RAP) - ANS4-8 mmHg
Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) - ANSSystolic 15-30 mmHg
Diastolic 5-15 mmHg
Pulmonary artery occlusive pressure (PAOP) - ANS8-12 mmHg
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) - ANS800-1200 dynes/sec/cm-5
Systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) - ANS1970-2390 dynes/se/com-5/m2
Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) - ANS100-250 dynes/sec/cm-5
Pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) - ANS255-285 dyens/sec/cim-5/m2
Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) - ANS95-100%
Venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) - ANS60-80%
Delivery of oxygen (DO2) - ANS550-650 ml/min/m2
Oxygen consumption (VO2) - ANS200-250 ml/min
Inferior leads and artery - cardiac - ANSLead II, III, aVF - RCA
Anterior septal leads and artery - cardiac - ANSLead V1, V2 - LM
Anterior leads and artery - cardiac - ANSLead V3, V4 - LAD
Low lateral lead and artery - cardiac - ANSLead V5, V6 - LCX
High lateral lead - cardiac - ANSLead I, aVL
, Symptoms of Left heart failure - ANSOrthopnea, dyspnea, crackles, Low PaO2, SaO2 &
SpO2, S3 & S4, Increased PAOP & PA pressures
Symptoms of Right heart failure - ANSJVD, Peripheral edema, Hepatomegaly, Increased
CVP/RAP, S3 & S4
Symptoms of Systolic heart failure - ANSDecreased stroke volume, decreased ejection
fraction, S3 and enlarged heart
Symptoms of Diastolic heart failure - ANSDecreased stroke volume, normal ejection
fraction, S4, normal heart size
Laboratory signs of DIC - ANSDecreased platelets
Increased PT/INR
Increased aPTT
Decreased fibrinogen
Increased FSP
Increased D-Dimer
Physical signs of DIC - ANSHypotension, Petechia, Purpura, Bruising, Bleeding in oral,
GI/GU, or pulmonary
Chvostek's Sign - ANSFacial muscle twitching when cheek is tapped - Hypocalcemia
Trousseau's Sign - ANSSpasming of the hand when the bp cuff is inflated beyong systolic
pressure for >3 min - Hypocalcemia
Grey Turner's Sign - ANSBruising of the flanks, appearing as a blue discoloration -
retroperitoneal bleed
Cullen's Sign - ANSSuperficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around
the umbilicus - Intraperitoneal bleed
Kehr's Sign - ANSAcute pain in the tip of the shoulder when a person is lying down and the
legs are elevated - splenic rupture
Calculation of anion gap - ANS(Na + K) - (CL + HCO3) *Cations - Anions
Normal is < 15
PaO2/FiO2 Ratio (P/F ratio) - ANSMeasures the difference between oxygen content in PaO2
divided by the FiO2. Used to predict shunting and hypoxemia
<300 = ALI
