HESI RN HESI Exit Final Exam Review pt
2
What does a pH of 7.33, paCO2 of 35 and HCO3 of 14 indicate - answers Metabolic
acidosis
What does a pH of 7.79 paCO2 of 20 and HCO3 of 23 indicate - answers respiratory
alkalosis
An older nursing home resident has refused to eat or drink for several days and is
admitted to the hospital. The nurse should expect which assessment finding?
1. Elevated blood pressure
2. Weak, elevated pulse
3. Moist mucosa membranes
4. Jugular vein distention - answers 2
1,3,4- These are signs of fluid volume deficit
The nurse administers an IV solution of D5 1/2NS to a patient. This is classified as what
type of intravenous solution? - answers Hypertonic
The intake and output record of a client with a nasogastric tube that has been attached
to suction for two days shows greater output and input. Which nursing diagnoses are
most applicable? Select all that apply.
1. Deficient fluid volume.
2.Risk for deficient fluid volume.
3.Impaired oral mucous membranes.
4.Impaired gas exchange.
5.Decreased cardiac output - answers 1,3,5
2,4-increased fluid volume
Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching regarding treatment for
hypokalemia?
,1. I will use avocado in my salads
2. I will be sure to check my heart rate before I take digoxin
3. I will take my potassium in the morning after eating breakfast
4. I will stop using my salt substitute - answers 4-salt substitutes contain potassium
1-high potassium food
3- take potassium with food to avoid gastric upset
An older man is admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of dehydration. Which sign
or symptom is most indicative of sodium imbalance?
1. Hyperreflexia
2. Mental confusion
3. Irregular pulse
4. Muscle weakness - answers 2
1,4- calcium imbalance
A client is admitted to the hospital for hypocalcemia. Nursing interventions relating to
which system would have the highest priority?
1. Renal
2. Cardiac
3. Gastrointestinal
4. Neuromuscular - answers 4
Our body is an _____ system and ______ feedback - answers open, negative(inhibits
change)
_ex- fever=sweat, cold
Psychological homeostasis refers to ______ or ______ balance or state of well being
What are the psychological needs and how are they developed - answers emotional,
psychological
love security self esteem, developed through living and interacting with others in culture
and societal norms
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answers physiological- food, clothes, shelter, comfort,
self preservation
safety & security- avoid risks, pain, harm, self security
love & belonging- companion, acceptance, group, affection
self-esteem- responsibility, self respect, competence
self-actualization- reaching potential, creativity, independence
Primary prevention - answers Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from occurring
-education, vaccination, self exam, diet change, weight loss, legislation
, Secondary prevention - answers early diagnosis and treatment of illness/disease
-preventative screenings by provider, diagnosis
Tertiary prevention - answers restore individuals with disabilities to their optimal
function
-rehab, support group
The goal of healthy people 2020 - answers Promote health and reduce /preventchronic
disease risk through community outreach
The health promotion model focuses on - answers Individual characteristics and
experiences
-prior behavior, biological/personal factors
Behavior specific cognitions and affect
-benifit of actions, barriers to education, perceived self efficacy, activity related affect,
interpersonal influences
Behavioral outcomes
-commitment to plan, health promoting behavior
Wellness is the state of well being of your - answers environment, emotional, social,
physical, occupation, intellectual, spiritual
Illness is diagnosed by the _____ and is the - answers Nurse, response of an individual
to a disease
Disease is diagnosed by the _____ and is an - answers alteration in a body system or
organ structure or function
What does exacerbation mean when talking about a chronic illness - answers
symptoms reappear after remission
Acute illness roles:
Experiencing ________
Assuming ________ ________ ________
Seeking ________ ________
Assuming a ________ ________
Achieving ________ and ________ - answers Experiencing _______ Symptoms(self
treating symptoms)
Assuming ________ The sick role(accept sickness, call into work)
Seeking ________ Medical care
Assuming _______ Dependent role(depend on provider plan)
Achieving ________ Recovery and rehabilitation
2
What does a pH of 7.33, paCO2 of 35 and HCO3 of 14 indicate - answers Metabolic
acidosis
What does a pH of 7.79 paCO2 of 20 and HCO3 of 23 indicate - answers respiratory
alkalosis
An older nursing home resident has refused to eat or drink for several days and is
admitted to the hospital. The nurse should expect which assessment finding?
1. Elevated blood pressure
2. Weak, elevated pulse
3. Moist mucosa membranes
4. Jugular vein distention - answers 2
1,3,4- These are signs of fluid volume deficit
The nurse administers an IV solution of D5 1/2NS to a patient. This is classified as what
type of intravenous solution? - answers Hypertonic
The intake and output record of a client with a nasogastric tube that has been attached
to suction for two days shows greater output and input. Which nursing diagnoses are
most applicable? Select all that apply.
1. Deficient fluid volume.
2.Risk for deficient fluid volume.
3.Impaired oral mucous membranes.
4.Impaired gas exchange.
5.Decreased cardiac output - answers 1,3,5
2,4-increased fluid volume
Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching regarding treatment for
hypokalemia?
,1. I will use avocado in my salads
2. I will be sure to check my heart rate before I take digoxin
3. I will take my potassium in the morning after eating breakfast
4. I will stop using my salt substitute - answers 4-salt substitutes contain potassium
1-high potassium food
3- take potassium with food to avoid gastric upset
An older man is admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of dehydration. Which sign
or symptom is most indicative of sodium imbalance?
1. Hyperreflexia
2. Mental confusion
3. Irregular pulse
4. Muscle weakness - answers 2
1,4- calcium imbalance
A client is admitted to the hospital for hypocalcemia. Nursing interventions relating to
which system would have the highest priority?
1. Renal
2. Cardiac
3. Gastrointestinal
4. Neuromuscular - answers 4
Our body is an _____ system and ______ feedback - answers open, negative(inhibits
change)
_ex- fever=sweat, cold
Psychological homeostasis refers to ______ or ______ balance or state of well being
What are the psychological needs and how are they developed - answers emotional,
psychological
love security self esteem, developed through living and interacting with others in culture
and societal norms
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answers physiological- food, clothes, shelter, comfort,
self preservation
safety & security- avoid risks, pain, harm, self security
love & belonging- companion, acceptance, group, affection
self-esteem- responsibility, self respect, competence
self-actualization- reaching potential, creativity, independence
Primary prevention - answers Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from occurring
-education, vaccination, self exam, diet change, weight loss, legislation
, Secondary prevention - answers early diagnosis and treatment of illness/disease
-preventative screenings by provider, diagnosis
Tertiary prevention - answers restore individuals with disabilities to their optimal
function
-rehab, support group
The goal of healthy people 2020 - answers Promote health and reduce /preventchronic
disease risk through community outreach
The health promotion model focuses on - answers Individual characteristics and
experiences
-prior behavior, biological/personal factors
Behavior specific cognitions and affect
-benifit of actions, barriers to education, perceived self efficacy, activity related affect,
interpersonal influences
Behavioral outcomes
-commitment to plan, health promoting behavior
Wellness is the state of well being of your - answers environment, emotional, social,
physical, occupation, intellectual, spiritual
Illness is diagnosed by the _____ and is the - answers Nurse, response of an individual
to a disease
Disease is diagnosed by the _____ and is an - answers alteration in a body system or
organ structure or function
What does exacerbation mean when talking about a chronic illness - answers
symptoms reappear after remission
Acute illness roles:
Experiencing ________
Assuming ________ ________ ________
Seeking ________ ________
Assuming a ________ ________
Achieving ________ and ________ - answers Experiencing _______ Symptoms(self
treating symptoms)
Assuming ________ The sick role(accept sickness, call into work)
Seeking ________ Medical care
Assuming _______ Dependent role(depend on provider plan)
Achieving ________ Recovery and rehabilitation
