WGU C217 Human Growth and
Development Already Passed
The __________ principle of development suggests that growth begins at the center of the body
and moves toward the extremes. ✔✔proximodistal
At birth, the newborn's brain is about ______ of its adult weight. ✔✔25%
The term __________ describes the specialization of function in one hemisphere of the cerebral
cortex or the other. ✔✔lateralization
_________ times as many synaptic connections are made than will ever be used. ✔✔Two
Which of the following statements about the REM sleep of a newborn is FALSE? ✔✔The amount
of time spent in REM sleep increases with age.
__________ is a wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year, caused by severe protein-
calorie deficiency. ✔✔Marasmus
The grasping reflex diminishes by the end of the _____ month ✔✔3rd
____________ is the name given to decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated
presentations of the stimulus. ✔✔Habituation
__________ occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors. ✔✔Sensation
The main theme of the ecological approach of Eleanor and James Gibson is to discover ✔✔both
how perception guides action and how action guides perception
,___________ involves integrating information from two or more sensory modalities, such as
vision or hearing. ✔✔Intermodality perception
Some dimensions expand and others shrink ✔✔
__________ sensory stimulation is changing but perception of the physical world remains
constant. ✔✔Perceptual constancy
capacity for change ✔✔plasticity
Has biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions ✔✔Multidimensional
All development occurs within a context, or setting (social, cultural, and historic factors) ✔✔.
Contextual
Early adulthood is not the endpoint of development; no age period dominates development
✔✔Lifelong
Multidisciplinary ✔✔Various areas of study have an interest in the field of development through
the life span
nature ✔✔the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth,
intellectual growth, and social interactions
nurture ✔✔
continuity theory ✔✔the theory suggesting that people need to maintain their desired level of
involvement in society in order to maximize their sense of well-being and self-esteem
, discontinuity ✔✔The view that development is characterized by abrupt changes in behavior; often
associated with stage theories of development.
Freud's Psychosexual Stages ✔✔the childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency,
genital) during which, according to Freud, the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct
erogenous zones
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory ✔✔stage theory of psychosocial development, lifespan consists of
eight dilemmas that must be solved correctly in order to solve the next dilemma
Piaget's stages of cognitive development ✔✔1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
Vygotsky's Theory ✔✔A sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social
interaction guide cognitive development.
sensorimotor stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during
which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
preoperational stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during
which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete
logic
concrete operational stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development during which
children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events
formal operational stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally
beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
Development Already Passed
The __________ principle of development suggests that growth begins at the center of the body
and moves toward the extremes. ✔✔proximodistal
At birth, the newborn's brain is about ______ of its adult weight. ✔✔25%
The term __________ describes the specialization of function in one hemisphere of the cerebral
cortex or the other. ✔✔lateralization
_________ times as many synaptic connections are made than will ever be used. ✔✔Two
Which of the following statements about the REM sleep of a newborn is FALSE? ✔✔The amount
of time spent in REM sleep increases with age.
__________ is a wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year, caused by severe protein-
calorie deficiency. ✔✔Marasmus
The grasping reflex diminishes by the end of the _____ month ✔✔3rd
____________ is the name given to decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated
presentations of the stimulus. ✔✔Habituation
__________ occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors. ✔✔Sensation
The main theme of the ecological approach of Eleanor and James Gibson is to discover ✔✔both
how perception guides action and how action guides perception
,___________ involves integrating information from two or more sensory modalities, such as
vision or hearing. ✔✔Intermodality perception
Some dimensions expand and others shrink ✔✔
__________ sensory stimulation is changing but perception of the physical world remains
constant. ✔✔Perceptual constancy
capacity for change ✔✔plasticity
Has biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions ✔✔Multidimensional
All development occurs within a context, or setting (social, cultural, and historic factors) ✔✔.
Contextual
Early adulthood is not the endpoint of development; no age period dominates development
✔✔Lifelong
Multidisciplinary ✔✔Various areas of study have an interest in the field of development through
the life span
nature ✔✔the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth,
intellectual growth, and social interactions
nurture ✔✔
continuity theory ✔✔the theory suggesting that people need to maintain their desired level of
involvement in society in order to maximize their sense of well-being and self-esteem
, discontinuity ✔✔The view that development is characterized by abrupt changes in behavior; often
associated with stage theories of development.
Freud's Psychosexual Stages ✔✔the childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency,
genital) during which, according to Freud, the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct
erogenous zones
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory ✔✔stage theory of psychosocial development, lifespan consists of
eight dilemmas that must be solved correctly in order to solve the next dilemma
Piaget's stages of cognitive development ✔✔1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
Vygotsky's Theory ✔✔A sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social
interaction guide cognitive development.
sensorimotor stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during
which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
preoperational stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during
which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete
logic
concrete operational stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development during which
children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events
formal operational stage ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally
beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
