Summary Anaphy of the Endocrine System The Endocrine Glands

Endocrine System Anaphy of the Endocrine System The Endocrine Glands ENDOCRINOLOGY ● Endocrine system ● Hypothalamus ● Hormones PITUITARY GLAND Anterior G T P A L F M Posterior O A PITUITARY GLAND ● Anterior pituitary ● Posterior pituitary Posterior Pituitary Gland SELECTED DISORDERS OF THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY DIABETES INSIPIDUS SIADH Patho Cause/Factors DIABETES INSIPIDUS SIADH Signs and Symptoms NURSING*RADTECH*DENTISTRY*CRIMINOLOGY* MIDWIFERY*MEDTECH LET*PSYCHOMET*RESPIRATORY THERAPY*CIVIL SERVICE*NAPOLCOM NCLEX*DHA*HAAD* PROMETRIC* UK-CBT DIABETES INSIPIDUS SIADH Diagnostics - Urine Specific Gravity: - Urine osmolality: - Serum Sodium: - Serum osmolality: - Sodium: DIABETES INSIPIDUS SIADH Nursing Management FINDINGS DI SIADH Low ADH NURSING*RADTECH*DENTISTRY*CRIMINOLOGY* MIDWIFERY*MEDTECH LET*PSYCHOMET*RESPIRATORY THERAPY*CIVIL SERVICE*NAPOLCOM NCLEX*DHA*HAAD* PROMETRIC* UK-CBT Increased body weight Hypertension Tachycardia Increased Serum Osmolality Decreased urine specific gravity Low serum sodium Increased urine output ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND/ADENOHYPOPHYSIS 1. Growth hormones/somatotrophic hormones ● elongation of long bones or growth ● DWARFISM – Low GH in children ● GIGANTISM – High GH in children ● ACROMEGALY – high GH in adults i. Sandostatine (Oereotide): DOC Comparing Growths HORMONE EFFECT ON TARGET STIMULUS FOR RELEASE LH: Luteinizing hormone Men: testicular Women: ovulation (release of the egg) GnRH PRL: Prolactin Stimulates production of milk in the breast Stress NURSING*RADTECH*DENTISTRY*CRIMINOLOGY* MIDWIFERY*MEDTECH LET*PSYCHOMET*RESPIRATORY THERAPY*CIVIL SERVICE*NAPOLCOM NCLEX*DHA*HAAD* PROMETRIC* UK-CBT FSH: Follicle-stimulating hormone Men: sperm production Women: ovarian follicles for eggs GnRH Gonadotropin-releasing hormone TSH: Thyroid- stimulating Hormone Stimulates thyroid to release T3 & T4 Thyroid needs ● Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) – for skin pigmentation ● THELARCHE – breast enlargement ● ADRENARCHE - Axillary and pubic hair growth during puberty induced by hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex. ● MENARCHE – first menstruation ● Males – enlargement of repro organs � deepening of voice ● LEYDIG cells � production of sperms ● CRYPTORCHIDISM – undescended testes ● SPERMATOGENESIS requires at least a temperature which is a degree lower from the body temp. PINEAL GLAND ● secretes Melatonin which inhibits LH secretion and regulates circadian rhythm/body clock THYROID GLAND ● NON-PALPABLE during swallowing!!! Thyroid cartilages ang palpable ● Nodular in consistency Metabolic/ Calorigenic Hormones: THYROCALCITONIN - ● Antagonizes effect of parathormone � restrict Ca breakdown � restricts Ca absorption THYROID DISORDERS