Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED ACTUAL EXAM 98
QUESTIONS AND CORRET DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED A+
What is A Cardiac Emergency?
A cardiac emergency is a life threatening. It can happen to a victim of any age, on land
or in water. The care for a cardiac emergency is CPR and using an AED. By following
the chain of cardiac survival the victim will have a greater change of survival.
What is the cardiac chain of survival
~Early recognition and early access to the emergency medical services (EMS) system.
*The sooner someone calls 9-1-1 or the local emergency number, the sooner EMS
personnel will arrive and take over.
~Early CPR.
*CPR helps supply oxygen to the brain and other vital organs. This helps keep the
victim alive until an AED is used or more advanced medical care is provided.
~Early defibrillation.
*An electrical shock, called defibrillation, may help restore an effective heart rhythm.
Defibrillation is delivered using an AED.
~Early advanced medical care.
*EMS personnel provide more advanced medical care and transport the victim to a
hospital.
For each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victim's chance for survival is
reduced by about 10 percent.
For each minute CPR and Defibrillation are delayed the chance of survival
decreases by how much.
For each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victim's chance for survival is
reduced by about 10 percent.
When the muscle of the heart suffers a loss of oxygenated blood what does this
result in
Myocardial infraction (MI) or heart attack
Causes of heart attack
Heart attacks usually result from cardiovascular disease. Other common causes
of heart attack include respiratory distress, electrocution and traumatic injury. The most
common conditions caused by cardiovascular disease include coronary heart disease
(also known as coronary artery disease) and stroke.
~Recognizing a heart attack
~Chest discomfort or pain that is severe, lasts longer than 3 to 5 minutes, goes away
and comes back, or persists even during rest
~Discomfort, pressure or pain that is persistent and ranges from discomfort to an
unbearable crushing sensation in the center of the chest, possibly spreading to the
shoulder, arm, neck, jaw, stomach or back, and usually not relieved by resting,
changing position or taking medication
~Pain that comes and goes (such as angina pectoris)
~Difficulty breathing, such as at a faster rate than normal or noisy breathing n Pale or
ashen skin, especially around the face
, ~Sweating, especially on the face
~Dizziness or light-headedness
~Nausea or vomiting
~Fatigue, lightheadedness or loss of consciousness
**Some people show no signs at all. Women may experience different pain than
men. Women most often have a sharp sudden paint short lived pain outside the
breast bone**
When a lady is having a heart attack what symptoms are the most likely to have
Women are somewhat more likely to experience some of the other warning signs, such
as shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting, back or jaw pain and unexplained fatigue or
malaise
What should you do when caring for a heart attack
~Take immediate action and summon EMS personnel.
~Have the victim stop any activity and rest in a comfortable position.
~Loosen tight or uncomfortable clothing. ~Closely monitor the victim until EMS
personnel take over. Note any changes in the victim's appearance or behavior.
~Comfort the victim.
~Assist the victim with prescribed medication, such as nitroglycerin or aspirin,
and administer emergency oxygen, if is available and you are trained to do so. n Be
prepared to perform CPR and use an AED.
**You should also ask questions to get information that relates to the victim's
condition, such as what happened, whether the victim has any medical
conditions or is taking any medications, or when was the last time the victim had
anything to eat or drink.**
If anything what is the one piece of information that you should ask the victim
"What is your name Sir/m'am
Where should a person having a heart attack be placed.
On a FLAT FIRM SURFACE
What does sample stand for
S = Signs and symptoms
These include bleeding, skin that is cool and moist, pain, nausea, headache
and difficulty breathing.
A = Allergies
Determine if the victim is allergic to any medications, food, or environmental elements,
such as pollen or bees.
M = Medications
Find out if the victim is using any prescription or nonprescription
medications.
P = Pertinent past medical history
Determine if the victim is under the care of a health care provider for any medical
condition, has had medical problems in the past or recently has been hospitalized.
l = Last oral intake
Find out what the victim most recently took in by mouth as well as the
volume or dose consumed. This includes food, drinks and medication.
E = Events leading up to the incident
Determine what the victim was doing before and at the time of the incident.
QUESTIONS AND CORRET DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED A+
What is A Cardiac Emergency?
A cardiac emergency is a life threatening. It can happen to a victim of any age, on land
or in water. The care for a cardiac emergency is CPR and using an AED. By following
the chain of cardiac survival the victim will have a greater change of survival.
What is the cardiac chain of survival
~Early recognition and early access to the emergency medical services (EMS) system.
*The sooner someone calls 9-1-1 or the local emergency number, the sooner EMS
personnel will arrive and take over.
~Early CPR.
*CPR helps supply oxygen to the brain and other vital organs. This helps keep the
victim alive until an AED is used or more advanced medical care is provided.
~Early defibrillation.
*An electrical shock, called defibrillation, may help restore an effective heart rhythm.
Defibrillation is delivered using an AED.
~Early advanced medical care.
*EMS personnel provide more advanced medical care and transport the victim to a
hospital.
For each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victim's chance for survival is
reduced by about 10 percent.
For each minute CPR and Defibrillation are delayed the chance of survival
decreases by how much.
For each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victim's chance for survival is
reduced by about 10 percent.
When the muscle of the heart suffers a loss of oxygenated blood what does this
result in
Myocardial infraction (MI) or heart attack
Causes of heart attack
Heart attacks usually result from cardiovascular disease. Other common causes
of heart attack include respiratory distress, electrocution and traumatic injury. The most
common conditions caused by cardiovascular disease include coronary heart disease
(also known as coronary artery disease) and stroke.
~Recognizing a heart attack
~Chest discomfort or pain that is severe, lasts longer than 3 to 5 minutes, goes away
and comes back, or persists even during rest
~Discomfort, pressure or pain that is persistent and ranges from discomfort to an
unbearable crushing sensation in the center of the chest, possibly spreading to the
shoulder, arm, neck, jaw, stomach or back, and usually not relieved by resting,
changing position or taking medication
~Pain that comes and goes (such as angina pectoris)
~Difficulty breathing, such as at a faster rate than normal or noisy breathing n Pale or
ashen skin, especially around the face
, ~Sweating, especially on the face
~Dizziness or light-headedness
~Nausea or vomiting
~Fatigue, lightheadedness or loss of consciousness
**Some people show no signs at all. Women may experience different pain than
men. Women most often have a sharp sudden paint short lived pain outside the
breast bone**
When a lady is having a heart attack what symptoms are the most likely to have
Women are somewhat more likely to experience some of the other warning signs, such
as shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting, back or jaw pain and unexplained fatigue or
malaise
What should you do when caring for a heart attack
~Take immediate action and summon EMS personnel.
~Have the victim stop any activity and rest in a comfortable position.
~Loosen tight or uncomfortable clothing. ~Closely monitor the victim until EMS
personnel take over. Note any changes in the victim's appearance or behavior.
~Comfort the victim.
~Assist the victim with prescribed medication, such as nitroglycerin or aspirin,
and administer emergency oxygen, if is available and you are trained to do so. n Be
prepared to perform CPR and use an AED.
**You should also ask questions to get information that relates to the victim's
condition, such as what happened, whether the victim has any medical
conditions or is taking any medications, or when was the last time the victim had
anything to eat or drink.**
If anything what is the one piece of information that you should ask the victim
"What is your name Sir/m'am
Where should a person having a heart attack be placed.
On a FLAT FIRM SURFACE
What does sample stand for
S = Signs and symptoms
These include bleeding, skin that is cool and moist, pain, nausea, headache
and difficulty breathing.
A = Allergies
Determine if the victim is allergic to any medications, food, or environmental elements,
such as pollen or bees.
M = Medications
Find out if the victim is using any prescription or nonprescription
medications.
P = Pertinent past medical history
Determine if the victim is under the care of a health care provider for any medical
condition, has had medical problems in the past or recently has been hospitalized.
l = Last oral intake
Find out what the victim most recently took in by mouth as well as the
volume or dose consumed. This includes food, drinks and medication.
E = Events leading up to the incident
Determine what the victim was doing before and at the time of the incident.
