Test Bank For Clinical Nursing Skills and
Techniques10th Edition by Anne Griffin Perry,
Patricia A. Potter Chapter 1-43 Complete Guide
Chapter 01: Using Evidence in Nursing Practice
Perry et al.: Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques, 10th Edition
• Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach to making decisions
about patient carethat is grounded in:
• the latest information found in textbooks.
• systematically conducted research studies.
• tradition in clinical practice.
• quality improvement and risk-management data.
ANS: B
The best evidence comes from well-designed, systematically conducted research
studies described in scientific journals. Portions of a textbook often become
outdated by the time it is published. Many health care settings do not have a
process to help staff adopt new evidence inpractice, and nurses in practice
settings lack easy access to risk-management data, relying instead on tradition or
convenience. Some sources of evidence do not originate from research. These
include quality improvement and risk-management data; infection control data;
retrospective or concurrent chart reviews; and clinicians‘ expertise. Although
non–research-based evidence is often very valuable, it is important that you learn
to rely moreon research-based evidence.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Comprehension OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• When evidence-based practice is used, patient care will be:
• standardized for all.
• unhampered by patient culture.
• variable according to the situation.
• safe from the hazards of critical thinking.
ANS: C
, Using your clinical expertise and considering patients‘ cultures, values, and
preferences ensures that you will apply available evidence in practice ethically
and appropriately. Evenwhen you use the best evidence available, application
and outcomes will differ; as a nurse, you will develop critical thinking skills to
determine whether evidence is relevant and appropriate.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• When a PICOT question is developed, the letter that corresponds with the
usual standard ofcare is:
• P.
• I
.
c
.
• CHOICE BLANK
• O.
ANS: C
C = Comparison of interest. What standard of care or current intervention do
you usually use now in practice?
P = Patient population of interest. Identify your patient by age, gender,
ethnicity, disease, or health problem.
I = Intervention of interest. What intervention (e.g., treatment, diagnostic test,
and prognostic factor) do you think is worthwhile to use in practice?
O = Outcome. What result (e.g., change in patient‘s behavior, physical finding, and
change inpatient‘s perception) do you wish to achieve or observe as the result of an
intervention?
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Knowledge OBJ: Develop a
PICO question. TOP: PICO KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• A well-developed PICOT question helps the nurse:
• search for evidence.
• include all five elements of the sequence.
• find as many articles as possible in a literature search.
• accept standard clinical routines.
ANS: A
, The more focused a question that you ask is, the easier it is to search for
evidence in the scientific literature. A well-designed PICOT question does not
have to include all five elements, nor does it have to follow the PICOT
sequence. Do not be satisfied with clinical routines. Always question and use
critical thinking to consider better ways to provide patient care.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Analysis OBJ: Describe the six steps of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• The nurse is not sure that the procedure the patient requires is the best
possible for the situation. Utilizing which of the following resources would
be the quickest way to review research on the topic?
• CINAHL
• PubMed
• MEDLINE
• The Cochrane Database
ANS: D
The Cochrane Community Database of Systematic Reviews is a valuable source
of synthesized evidence (i.e., pre-appraised evidence). The Cochrane Database
includes the fulltext of regularly updated systematic reviews and protocols for
reviews currently happening. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PubMed are among the
most comprehensive databases and represent the scientific knowledge base of
health care.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Synthesis OBJ: Describe the six steps of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• The nurse is getting ready to develop a plan of care for a patient who has a
specific need. Thebest source for developing this plan of care would probably
be:
• The Cochrane Database.
• MEDLINE.
• NGC.
• CINAHL.
ANS: C
The National Guidelines Clearinghouse (NGC) is a database supported by the
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). It contains clinical
guidelines—systematically developed statements about a plan of care for a
specific set of clinical circumstances involvinga specific patient population. The
, NGC is a valuable source when you want to develop a plan of care for a patient.
The Cochrane Community Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, and
CINAHL are all valuable sources of synthesized evidence (i.e., pre-appraised
evidence).
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Synthesis OBJ: Describe the six steps of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• The nurse has done a literature search and found 25 possible articles on the
topic that she isstudying. To determine which of those 25 best fit her inquiry,
the nurse first should look at:
• the abstracts.
• the literature reviews.
• the ―Methods‖ sections.
• the narrative sections.
ANS: A
An abstract is a brief summary of an article that quickly tells you whether the
article is research based or clinically based. An abstract summarizes the purpose
of the study or clinicalquery, the major themes or findings, and the implications
for nursing practice. The literature review usually gives you a good idea of how
past research led to the researcher‘s question.
The ―Methods‖ or ―Design‖ section explains how a research study is organized
and conducted to answer the research question or to test the hypothesis. The
narrative of a manuscript differs according to the type of evidence-based article—
clinical or research.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application
OBJ: Discuss elements to review when critiquing the scientific literature.
TOP: Randomized Controlled Trials KEY: Nursing Process Step:
ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
(management of care)
• The nurse wants to determine the effects of cardiac rehabilitation program
attendance on the level of postmyocardial depression for individuals who have
had a myocardial infarction. The type of study that would best capture this
information would be a:
• randomized controlled trial.
• qualitative study.
• case control study.
• descriptive study.
ANS: B
Techniques10th Edition by Anne Griffin Perry,
Patricia A. Potter Chapter 1-43 Complete Guide
Chapter 01: Using Evidence in Nursing Practice
Perry et al.: Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques, 10th Edition
• Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach to making decisions
about patient carethat is grounded in:
• the latest information found in textbooks.
• systematically conducted research studies.
• tradition in clinical practice.
• quality improvement and risk-management data.
ANS: B
The best evidence comes from well-designed, systematically conducted research
studies described in scientific journals. Portions of a textbook often become
outdated by the time it is published. Many health care settings do not have a
process to help staff adopt new evidence inpractice, and nurses in practice
settings lack easy access to risk-management data, relying instead on tradition or
convenience. Some sources of evidence do not originate from research. These
include quality improvement and risk-management data; infection control data;
retrospective or concurrent chart reviews; and clinicians‘ expertise. Although
non–research-based evidence is often very valuable, it is important that you learn
to rely moreon research-based evidence.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Comprehension OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• When evidence-based practice is used, patient care will be:
• standardized for all.
• unhampered by patient culture.
• variable according to the situation.
• safe from the hazards of critical thinking.
ANS: C
, Using your clinical expertise and considering patients‘ cultures, values, and
preferences ensures that you will apply available evidence in practice ethically
and appropriately. Evenwhen you use the best evidence available, application
and outcomes will differ; as a nurse, you will develop critical thinking skills to
determine whether evidence is relevant and appropriate.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• When a PICOT question is developed, the letter that corresponds with the
usual standard ofcare is:
• P.
• I
.
c
.
• CHOICE BLANK
• O.
ANS: C
C = Comparison of interest. What standard of care or current intervention do
you usually use now in practice?
P = Patient population of interest. Identify your patient by age, gender,
ethnicity, disease, or health problem.
I = Intervention of interest. What intervention (e.g., treatment, diagnostic test,
and prognostic factor) do you think is worthwhile to use in practice?
O = Outcome. What result (e.g., change in patient‘s behavior, physical finding, and
change inpatient‘s perception) do you wish to achieve or observe as the result of an
intervention?
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Knowledge OBJ: Develop a
PICO question. TOP: PICO KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• A well-developed PICOT question helps the nurse:
• search for evidence.
• include all five elements of the sequence.
• find as many articles as possible in a literature search.
• accept standard clinical routines.
ANS: A
, The more focused a question that you ask is, the easier it is to search for
evidence in the scientific literature. A well-designed PICOT question does not
have to include all five elements, nor does it have to follow the PICOT
sequence. Do not be satisfied with clinical routines. Always question and use
critical thinking to consider better ways to provide patient care.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Analysis OBJ: Describe the six steps of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• The nurse is not sure that the procedure the patient requires is the best
possible for the situation. Utilizing which of the following resources would
be the quickest way to review research on the topic?
• CINAHL
• PubMed
• MEDLINE
• The Cochrane Database
ANS: D
The Cochrane Community Database of Systematic Reviews is a valuable source
of synthesized evidence (i.e., pre-appraised evidence). The Cochrane Database
includes the fulltext of regularly updated systematic reviews and protocols for
reviews currently happening. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PubMed are among the
most comprehensive databases and represent the scientific knowledge base of
health care.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Synthesis OBJ: Describe the six steps of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• The nurse is getting ready to develop a plan of care for a patient who has a
specific need. Thebest source for developing this plan of care would probably
be:
• The Cochrane Database.
• MEDLINE.
• NGC.
• CINAHL.
ANS: C
The National Guidelines Clearinghouse (NGC) is a database supported by the
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). It contains clinical
guidelines—systematically developed statements about a plan of care for a
specific set of clinical circumstances involvinga specific patient population. The
, NGC is a valuable source when you want to develop a plan of care for a patient.
The Cochrane Community Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, and
CINAHL are all valuable sources of synthesized evidence (i.e., pre-appraised
evidence).
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Synthesis OBJ: Describe the six steps of evidence-
based practice. TOP: Evidence-Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment (management of care)
• The nurse has done a literature search and found 25 possible articles on the
topic that she isstudying. To determine which of those 25 best fit her inquiry,
the nurse first should look at:
• the abstracts.
• the literature reviews.
• the ―Methods‖ sections.
• the narrative sections.
ANS: A
An abstract is a brief summary of an article that quickly tells you whether the
article is research based or clinically based. An abstract summarizes the purpose
of the study or clinicalquery, the major themes or findings, and the implications
for nursing practice. The literature review usually gives you a good idea of how
past research led to the researcher‘s question.
The ―Methods‖ or ―Design‖ section explains how a research study is organized
and conducted to answer the research question or to test the hypothesis. The
narrative of a manuscript differs according to the type of evidence-based article—
clinical or research.
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application
OBJ: Discuss elements to review when critiquing the scientific literature.
TOP: Randomized Controlled Trials KEY: Nursing Process Step:
ImplementationMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
(management of care)
• The nurse wants to determine the effects of cardiac rehabilitation program
attendance on the level of postmyocardial depression for individuals who have
had a myocardial infarction. The type of study that would best capture this
information would be a:
• randomized controlled trial.
• qualitative study.
• case control study.
• descriptive study.
ANS: B
