Study Guide for Module 1 (BIOD 121) Nutrition Portage Exam

physical health - CORRECT ANSWER-body's ability to perform daily functions for survival intellectual health emotional health - the ability to express or suppress emotion social health - ability to interact with others spiritual health - purpose for human existence, cultural practices - CORRECT ANSWER-the cognitive ability to learn and adapt emotional health social health - ability to interact with others spiritual health - purpose for human existence, cultural practices - CORRECT ANSWER-the ability to express or suppress emotion social health - CORRECT ANSWER-ability to interact with others spiritual health - CORRECT ANSWER-purpose for human existence, cultural practices what is nutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER-the science that links foods to health and disease what processes does nutrition include? - CORRECT ANSWER-ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, excretion when is nutrition important? - CORRECT ANSWER-conception to death what is the difference between food and nutrients? - CORRECT ANSWER-food provides energy in terms of calories while nutrients are substances in food Science of Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWER-the study of the nutrients in food and the body's handling of them provides information to consumers Why do we get hungry? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hormones impact hunger Ghrelin - CORRECT ANSWER---increases hunger --when traveling to the brain, it stimulates the hunger center as it deactivates the satiety center --produced by stomach Leptin - CORRECT ANSWER---decreases hunger --alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center --produced in adipose cells which hormone would obese individuals most likely have higher levels of than their peers? - CORRECT ANSWER-Leptin Roles of leptin and ghrelin - CORRECT ANSWER-Ghrelin: signals brain to take in food, increases appetite Leptin: signals brain to decrease level of hunger and food intake --- balance hunger and satiety internal forces: why do we eat? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hunger Appetite Satiety Hypothalamus hunger - CORRECT ANSWER-lack of food internal - CORRECT ANSWER-is hunger an internal or external drive? negative - CORRECT ANSWER-is hunger a negative or positive sensation? appetite - CORRECT ANSWER---integrated response to food --defined as psychological external influences that encourage us to find food and consume it external - CORRECT ANSWER-is appetite an internal or external drive? positive - CORRECT ANSWER-is appetite a negative or positive sensation? satiety - CORRECT ANSWER-feeling of fullness Hypothalamus - CORRECT ANSWER-region of the brain feeding center and satiety center Appetite Psychological external influences (external forces that might cause us to want to eat) - CORRECT ANSWER-1. sensory 2. cognitive 3. environmental 4. health status Sensory examples [Appetite Psychological external influence] - CORRECT ANSWER-flavor, texture, appearance, smell cognitive examples [Appetite Psychological external influence] - CORRECT ANSWER-habits, comfort foods, advertising, social foods, nutritional value Environmental examples [Appetite Psychological external influence] - CORRECT ANSWER-economics, lifestyle, cultural / religious beliefs, enviroment Health status examples [Appetite Psychological external influence] - CORRECT ANSWER-physical restrictions, age, gender gastrointestinal tract - CORRECT ANSWER-what is the main site in the body used for digestion and absorption? What does the GI tract consist of? - CORRECT ANSWER-mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus What organ plays an important role in satiety and weight regulation? - CORRECT ANSWER-stomach what are compounds secreted into the bloodstream by one type of cell that acts to control the function of another type of cell? - CORRECT ANSWER-hormones what are the nutrients in food used by our bodies to do? - CORRECT ANSWER-(1) promote growth and development; . . . . ..