CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL A2 LEVEL CHEMISTRY (9701) INORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES

CAMBRIDGE
INTERNATIONAL A2
LEVEL CHEMISTRY
(9701) INORGANIC
CHEMISTRY NOTES

, CHAPTER 24: TRANSITION METALS

Definitions:
- Transition meta: a d-block element that forms one or more stable ions with an incomplete d
subshell
- Transition metal complex: an ion or molecule formed by a central metal atom/ ion surrounded
by one or more ligands
- Ligand: a molecule or ion with one or more lone pairs of electrons which form dative covalent
bonds to central metal atom/ ion
- Degenerate orbitals: atomic orbitals having the same energy level in a given subshell
- Non-degenerate orbitals: groups of atomic orbitals in the same subshell but have slightly
different amounts of energy



Transition metal:
- Definition: d block element that forms one or more stable ions with
incomplete d orbitals
- Take note: Scandium and Zinc are not transition metals
o Sc3+ has no e- in the d-orbital
o Zn2+ contains a full d-orbital



Electronic configurations of ions:




Properties of transition elements:
- Physical properties
o High melting point
o High density
o High charge density