Exam questions BBS1002 Homeostasis and Organ systems
1. If blood pressure is detected to be lower than required to optimally perfuse the
tissues, what homeostatic response will try to correct it
a. Smooth muscle in the walls of veins will relax resulting in vasodilation.
b. The strength of myocardial contraction will increase and so stroke volume will
decrease
c. The vasomotor center will be inhibited and so the heart rate will decrease.
d. Vasoconstriction will occur and consequently total peripheral resistance will
increase.
2. The student next to you realizes there is a question on the acid base balance on
the exam and begins hyperventilating and then faints. The invigilator makes him
breathe into a paper bag and he recovers. If blood had been drawn and analyzed
when he fainted what would the pH and PCO2 look like compared to the
situation before the exam
a. Decreased pH, Decreased PCO2
b. Elevated pH, Decreased PCO2
c. Elevated pH, Increased PCO2
d. Decreased pH, increased PCO2
3. If humans venture to above 5000 m in altitude, hyperventilation (in response to
low atmospheric pressure) results in a very low concentration of dissolved CO2 in
Question: What Is the consequence of this?
a. Alkalosis with pH less than 7.3
b. Acidosis with pH less than 7.3
c. Alkalosis with pH greater than 7.5
d. Acidosis with pH greater than 7.5
4. What happens to the preload and stroke volume if someone drinks 1.5 liter of
water within 1 hour?
a. • Preload decreases, stroke volume decreases
b. • Preload increases, stroke volume decreases
c. • Preload decreases, stroke volume increases
d. • Preload Increases, stroke volume increases
5. What will be the effect of drinking one liter of distilled water on extracellular and
intracellular osmolarity?
a. • Decreased extracellular osmolarity and decreased intracellular osmolarity
b. • Decreased extracellular osmolarity and increased intracellular osmolarity
c. • Increased extracellular osmolarity and decreased intracellular osmolarity
d. • Increased extracellular osmolarity and increased intracellular osmolarity
6. In the figures on the right, the X-axis represents the tubule segments of a nephron.
The change of the sodium concentration on the y axis.
, Question: Which of the following graphs represents the situation in a healthy human
being?
a. Graph A
b. Graph B
c. Graph C
7. What causes thirst?
a. • A decrease in the osmolarity
of the extracellular fluid:
b. • A decrease in the volume of
the extracellular fluid
c. • An Increase in the osmolarity
of the extracellular fluid
d. • An increase in the volume of the extracellular fluid
8. A plaque in a coronary vessel wall will result in a decrease in the lumen diameter
of a coronary artery and in less oxygen being delivered to the heart muscle.
Question: which of the following statements explains this situation?
a. A protruding plaque Increases the distance blood needs to travel, and this
increases resistance to flow.
b. A narrow artery restricts blood flow by increasing blood's viscosity.
c. The constricted artery causes the pressure gradient to decrease which results
in lower blood flow.
d. The decrease in artery radius will cause blood flow rate to decrease.
9. Why does drinking acidic solutions such as orange juice not make the blood
acidic?
a. • Blood is alkaline and alkaline solutions react with ingested acids to
neutralize them.
b. • The volume of water in the body is great enough that the effect of ingested
acidic food and drink on ph is negligible.
c. • The blood has buffers whose components are able to resist changes to
blood pH.
d. • The Kidney is able to rapidly filter acidic components from blood to avoid
pH changes.
10. What term is applied to the volume of air that moves into the lungs while
breathing at rest?
a. Anatomical dead space
b. Inspiratory reserve capacity
c. Residual volume
1. If blood pressure is detected to be lower than required to optimally perfuse the
tissues, what homeostatic response will try to correct it
a. Smooth muscle in the walls of veins will relax resulting in vasodilation.
b. The strength of myocardial contraction will increase and so stroke volume will
decrease
c. The vasomotor center will be inhibited and so the heart rate will decrease.
d. Vasoconstriction will occur and consequently total peripheral resistance will
increase.
2. The student next to you realizes there is a question on the acid base balance on
the exam and begins hyperventilating and then faints. The invigilator makes him
breathe into a paper bag and he recovers. If blood had been drawn and analyzed
when he fainted what would the pH and PCO2 look like compared to the
situation before the exam
a. Decreased pH, Decreased PCO2
b. Elevated pH, Decreased PCO2
c. Elevated pH, Increased PCO2
d. Decreased pH, increased PCO2
3. If humans venture to above 5000 m in altitude, hyperventilation (in response to
low atmospheric pressure) results in a very low concentration of dissolved CO2 in
Question: What Is the consequence of this?
a. Alkalosis with pH less than 7.3
b. Acidosis with pH less than 7.3
c. Alkalosis with pH greater than 7.5
d. Acidosis with pH greater than 7.5
4. What happens to the preload and stroke volume if someone drinks 1.5 liter of
water within 1 hour?
a. • Preload decreases, stroke volume decreases
b. • Preload increases, stroke volume decreases
c. • Preload decreases, stroke volume increases
d. • Preload Increases, stroke volume increases
5. What will be the effect of drinking one liter of distilled water on extracellular and
intracellular osmolarity?
a. • Decreased extracellular osmolarity and decreased intracellular osmolarity
b. • Decreased extracellular osmolarity and increased intracellular osmolarity
c. • Increased extracellular osmolarity and decreased intracellular osmolarity
d. • Increased extracellular osmolarity and increased intracellular osmolarity
6. In the figures on the right, the X-axis represents the tubule segments of a nephron.
The change of the sodium concentration on the y axis.
, Question: Which of the following graphs represents the situation in a healthy human
being?
a. Graph A
b. Graph B
c. Graph C
7. What causes thirst?
a. • A decrease in the osmolarity
of the extracellular fluid:
b. • A decrease in the volume of
the extracellular fluid
c. • An Increase in the osmolarity
of the extracellular fluid
d. • An increase in the volume of the extracellular fluid
8. A plaque in a coronary vessel wall will result in a decrease in the lumen diameter
of a coronary artery and in less oxygen being delivered to the heart muscle.
Question: which of the following statements explains this situation?
a. A protruding plaque Increases the distance blood needs to travel, and this
increases resistance to flow.
b. A narrow artery restricts blood flow by increasing blood's viscosity.
c. The constricted artery causes the pressure gradient to decrease which results
in lower blood flow.
d. The decrease in artery radius will cause blood flow rate to decrease.
9. Why does drinking acidic solutions such as orange juice not make the blood
acidic?
a. • Blood is alkaline and alkaline solutions react with ingested acids to
neutralize them.
b. • The volume of water in the body is great enough that the effect of ingested
acidic food and drink on ph is negligible.
c. • The blood has buffers whose components are able to resist changes to
blood pH.
d. • The Kidney is able to rapidly filter acidic components from blood to avoid
pH changes.
10. What term is applied to the volume of air that moves into the lungs while
breathing at rest?
a. Anatomical dead space
b. Inspiratory reserve capacity
c. Residual volume
