Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX RN NCSBN 100 QUESTIONS

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Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX RN NCSBN 100 QUESTIONS




Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Drill 1




Question 1

A nurse is providing care to a female client who is 32-weeks pregnant. The client has
been diagnosed with hypertension and will begin prescribed pharmacological treatment.
The nurse will clarify which medication if observed in the client’s record?

A

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Spironolactone
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B

Methyldopa

C

Lisinopril Correct Answer

D

Hydralazine



Question Explanation

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the treatment
of hypertension. ACE inhibitors are pregnancy risk category D and are contraindicated during
the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Spironolactone and methyldopa are pregnancy
risk category B and have been used routinely and safely during pregnancy. Hydralazine is a
pregnancy risk category C, but its use has been proven to be safe during pregnancy.

Concepts tested

NCLEX: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Question 2

A nurse is preparing to administer plasma to a client with a coagulation disorder. Which
identification step will the nurse verify prior to initiating the transfusion?

A

Cross match

B

Expiration date

C

ABO compatibility Correct Answer

D

Hemoglobin level



Question Explanation

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Rationale: Plasma is a blood product that needs to be typed prior to administration to avoid a
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reaction. Typing determines if the blood product is compatible with the client’s blood type. A
cross match for antigens is only required for transfusions containing red blood cells. The
expiration date is an important component to check prior to administration. However, this does
not identify the client. Plasma does not contain red blood cells, so checking the hemoglobin level
is not indicated and does not identify the client.

Concepts tested

NCLEX: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to administer newly prescribed intravenous phenytoin to a client.
When reviewing the client’s medical record, which prescription should the nurse
question?

A

Continuous infusion of dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline Correct Answer

B

NPH insulin 40 units before meals

C

Labetalol 100 mg orally twice per day Your Answer

D

Ketorolac 15 mg IV push as needed for pain



Question Explanation

Rationale: Phenytoin is not compatible with most IV fluids, especially those with dextrose. If the
nurse observes a continuous infusion of a fluid that contains dextrose, they should understand
that incompatibilities are likely and should not administer the medication as prescribed. Insulin,
labetalol, and ketorolac do not have potential incompatibilities.

Concepts tested

NCLEX: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Question 4

The nurse is assisting a client who is taking amlodipine with meal planning. Which fluid
selected by the client would require follow up by the nurse?

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A

Black coffee

B

Grapefruit juice Correct Answer

C

Green tea

D

Chocolate Milk



Question Explanation

Rationale: Grapefruit juice affects the metabolism of certain medications, such as amlodipine,
and may cause toxicity if taken together. Clients who are taking antibiotics, such as tetracycline,
should avoid consuming milk products. Clients who are taking warfarin should avoid consuming
green tea. Clients who are taking stimulants should avoid consuming black coffee.

Concepts tested

NCLEX: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Question 5

The nurse is providing teaching to the client taking metoclopramide. Serious side effects
that should be reported to the provider are included in the teaching plan. Which of the
following side effects is the priority?

A

Involuntary muscle movements Correct Answer

B

Report of increased fatigue

C

Onset of headaches

D

Difficulty with sleep