UNIT 2 SCHOOLS OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS-
I
LESSON 4 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS SCHOOL
LESSON 5 THE EMPIRICAL SCHOOL
LESSON 6 THE HUMAN BEHAVIOR SCHOOL
,LESSON 4 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS SCHOOL
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
4.0 OBJECTIVES
4.1 CONCEPT AND PHILOSOPHY
4.2 ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT AND CONTRIBUTORS
4.2.1 OTHER CONTRIBUTORS
4.3 MAJOR FEATURES
4.4 MAJOR WORKS
4.5 LIMITATIONS
4.6 SUMMARY
4.7 REFERENCES
4.7 GLOSSARY
, BBM 105 Unit 2, Lesson 4
LESSON 4 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS SCHOOL
After having completed lessons one, two and three
we will now proceed with the management process
school. Various theories have been given by
management thinkers in this context.
4.0 Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to
understand and learn about:
Concept and Philosophy of management
Origin and development
Contributors
Major features
Limitations
4.1 Concept and Philosophy
This school of management has been called The
Traditional School, Functional School, Classical
Approach, and Universal Approach. The process
approach to management identifies the function of
management and tries to formulate the fundamental
principles of management. This school of management
thought was propounded by Henry Fayol, Lyndall F.
Vrwick, and F.W.Taylor.
39
, BBM 105 Unit 2, Lesson 4
This school holds the view that management is a
process- a social process, comprising a series of action
leading to the accomplishment of objectives. This school
of thought classifies the function of management into
five categories i.e. planning, organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling. But some management
thinkers have given different names to these five
functions. For example, Henry Fayol used the following
terms for these functions: Planning, Organizing,
Command, Coordination and Control. Luther Gulick
used a concept- POSDCORB with standard planning,
Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting
and budgeting.
The functions of management uniquely describe
managers' jobs. The most commonly cited functions of
management are planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling, although some identify additional functions.
The functions of management define the process of
management as distinct from accounting, finance,
marketing, and other business functions. These
functions provide a useful way of classifying information
about management, and most basic management texts
since the 1950s have been organized around a
functional framework.
4.2 Origin, Development and Contributors
The main contributors of this school of thought are
Henry Fayol, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Lyndall, Urvick,
and Harold Koontz.
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) is
considered to be the father of scientific management.
Henry Gantt, Frank and Lillian, Gilberth and Harrington
40
I
LESSON 4 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS SCHOOL
LESSON 5 THE EMPIRICAL SCHOOL
LESSON 6 THE HUMAN BEHAVIOR SCHOOL
,LESSON 4 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS SCHOOL
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
4.0 OBJECTIVES
4.1 CONCEPT AND PHILOSOPHY
4.2 ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT AND CONTRIBUTORS
4.2.1 OTHER CONTRIBUTORS
4.3 MAJOR FEATURES
4.4 MAJOR WORKS
4.5 LIMITATIONS
4.6 SUMMARY
4.7 REFERENCES
4.7 GLOSSARY
, BBM 105 Unit 2, Lesson 4
LESSON 4 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS SCHOOL
After having completed lessons one, two and three
we will now proceed with the management process
school. Various theories have been given by
management thinkers in this context.
4.0 Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to
understand and learn about:
Concept and Philosophy of management
Origin and development
Contributors
Major features
Limitations
4.1 Concept and Philosophy
This school of management has been called The
Traditional School, Functional School, Classical
Approach, and Universal Approach. The process
approach to management identifies the function of
management and tries to formulate the fundamental
principles of management. This school of management
thought was propounded by Henry Fayol, Lyndall F.
Vrwick, and F.W.Taylor.
39
, BBM 105 Unit 2, Lesson 4
This school holds the view that management is a
process- a social process, comprising a series of action
leading to the accomplishment of objectives. This school
of thought classifies the function of management into
five categories i.e. planning, organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling. But some management
thinkers have given different names to these five
functions. For example, Henry Fayol used the following
terms for these functions: Planning, Organizing,
Command, Coordination and Control. Luther Gulick
used a concept- POSDCORB with standard planning,
Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting
and budgeting.
The functions of management uniquely describe
managers' jobs. The most commonly cited functions of
management are planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling, although some identify additional functions.
The functions of management define the process of
management as distinct from accounting, finance,
marketing, and other business functions. These
functions provide a useful way of classifying information
about management, and most basic management texts
since the 1950s have been organized around a
functional framework.
4.2 Origin, Development and Contributors
The main contributors of this school of thought are
Henry Fayol, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Lyndall, Urvick,
and Harold Koontz.
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) is
considered to be the father of scientific management.
Henry Gantt, Frank and Lillian, Gilberth and Harrington
40
