OXYGEN, FLUID BALANCE AND
ELECTROLYTES EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
NURSING 200 Oxygen, Fluid Balance
and Electrolytes
***Fluid & electrolyte:
• Serum osmolality: a measure of the different solutes in plasma. It is primarily
determined by sodium.
• Dependent edema: caused by the effects of gravity & occurs when fluid pools in the
lower parts of the body, including the feet, legs, or hands.
• Third space syndrome: occurs when too much fluid moves from the intravascular
space into the interstitial or "third" space - the nonfunctional area between cells.
• Nondependent edema: swelling is not focused on the dependent body areas (face,
hands. Not on lower body parts)
• Fluid volume excess: Too much fluid in the body. Retains both water & electrolytes
(sodium) in the extracellular fluid in equal proportions.
• Active transport: substances move across a cell membrane through the use of a
carrier molecule.
• Osmosis: movement of water – from a solution of lower concentration to higher.
• Diffusion: movement of molecule – from a solution if higher concentration to lower.
• Filtration: the movement of water & solutes through the membrane by fluid, or
hydrostatic, pressure.
• Extravasation: The movement of white blood cells from the capillaries to the tissues
surrounding them.
• Infiltration: The migration of cells from their sources of origin, or the direct extension
of cells as a result of unusual growth & multiplication.
• Phlebitis: The inflammation of a vein. Occurs in veins on the surface of the skin.
• Isotonic Solution: has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma.
• Hypertonic solution: has a greater concentration of solutes then blood plasma.
• Hypotonic solution: has a lesser concentration of solute than blood plasma.
***Respiratory
• Cheyne stokes: an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively
deeper & sometimes faster breathing followed by a gradual decrease that results in a
, temporary stop in breathing called an apnea (conditions effecting movement of air)
• Biot’s: an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of quick, shallow
inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea (conditions effecting
movement of air)
ELECTROLYTES EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
NURSING 200 Oxygen, Fluid Balance
and Electrolytes
***Fluid & electrolyte:
• Serum osmolality: a measure of the different solutes in plasma. It is primarily
determined by sodium.
• Dependent edema: caused by the effects of gravity & occurs when fluid pools in the
lower parts of the body, including the feet, legs, or hands.
• Third space syndrome: occurs when too much fluid moves from the intravascular
space into the interstitial or "third" space - the nonfunctional area between cells.
• Nondependent edema: swelling is not focused on the dependent body areas (face,
hands. Not on lower body parts)
• Fluid volume excess: Too much fluid in the body. Retains both water & electrolytes
(sodium) in the extracellular fluid in equal proportions.
• Active transport: substances move across a cell membrane through the use of a
carrier molecule.
• Osmosis: movement of water – from a solution of lower concentration to higher.
• Diffusion: movement of molecule – from a solution if higher concentration to lower.
• Filtration: the movement of water & solutes through the membrane by fluid, or
hydrostatic, pressure.
• Extravasation: The movement of white blood cells from the capillaries to the tissues
surrounding them.
• Infiltration: The migration of cells from their sources of origin, or the direct extension
of cells as a result of unusual growth & multiplication.
• Phlebitis: The inflammation of a vein. Occurs in veins on the surface of the skin.
• Isotonic Solution: has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma.
• Hypertonic solution: has a greater concentration of solutes then blood plasma.
• Hypotonic solution: has a lesser concentration of solute than blood plasma.
***Respiratory
• Cheyne stokes: an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively
deeper & sometimes faster breathing followed by a gradual decrease that results in a
, temporary stop in breathing called an apnea (conditions effecting movement of air)
• Biot’s: an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of quick, shallow
inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea (conditions effecting
movement of air)
