NCC EFM (ELECTRONIC FETAL MONITORING CERTIFICATION)STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE SOLUTION 2023/2024 CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
Which of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine blood flow?
• Hypertension
• Epidural
• Hemorrhage
• Diabetes
• All of the above correct answere. All of the above
Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces:
• A decrease in the heart rate
• An increase in the heart rate
• An increase in stroke volume
• No change correct answera. A decrease in the heart rate
The vagus nerve begins maturation 26 to 28 weeks. Its dominance results in what effect to the FHR baseline?
• Increases baseline
• Decreases baseline correct answerb. Decreases baseline
T/F: The most common artifact with the ultrasound transducer system for fetal heart rate is increased variability.
correct answerTrue
T/F: All fetal monitors contain a logic system designed to reject artifact. correct answerTrue
T/F: Fetal arrhythmias can be seen on both internal and external monitor tracings. correct answerTrue
T/F: Variability and periodic changes can be detected with both internal and external monitoring. correct
answerTrue
T/F: Variable decelerations are a vagal response. correct answerTrue
,T/F: Variable decelerations are the most frequently seen fetal heart rate deceleration pattern in labor. correct
answerTrue
Etiology of a baseline FHR of 165bpm occurring for the last hour can be:
• Maternal supine hypotension
• Maternal fever
• Maternal dehydration
• Unknown
• 1 and 2
• 1, 2 and 3
• 2, 3 and 4 correct answerc. 2, 3 and 4
The most prevalent risk factor associated with fetal death before the onset of labor is:
• Low socioeconomic status
• Fetal malpresentation
• Uteroplacental insufficiency
• Uterine anomalies correct answerc. Uteroplacental insufficiency
Which of the following conditions is not an indication for antepartum fetal surveillance?
• Gestational hypertension
• Diabetes in pregnancy
• Fetus in breech presentation
• Decreased fetal movement correct answerc. Fetus in breech presentation
Which of the following does not affect the degree of fetal activity?
• Vibroacoustic stimulation
• Smoking
• Fetal position
• Gestational age correct answera. Vibroacoustic stimulation
,T/F: Umbilical cord influences that can alter blood flow include true knots, hematomas, and number of umbilical
vessels. correct answerTrue
T/F: Low amplitude contractions are not an early sign of preterm labor. correct answerFalse
T/F: Corticosteroid administration may cause an increase in FHR accelerations. correct answerFalse
T/F: Corticosteroid administration may cause an increase in FHR. correct answerTrue
T/F: Contractions cause an increase in uterine venous pressure and a decrease in uterine artery perfusion. correct
answerTrue
As a result of the intrinsic fetal response to oxygen deprivation, increased catecholamine levels cause the
peripheral blood flow to decrease while the blood flow to vital organs increases. These flow changes along with
increased catecholamine secretions have what effect on fetal blood pressure and fetal heart rate?
• Increase BP and increase HR
• Increase BP and decrease HR
• Decrease BP and increase HR
• Decrease BP and decrease HR correct answerB. Increase BP and decrease HR
During a term antepartum NST (non-stress test), you notice several variable decelerations that decrease at least 15
bpm and last at least 15 sec long. Which of the following is the least likely explanation?
• True knot
• Gestational diabetes
• Umbilical cord entanglement
• Oligohydramnios correct answerB. Gestational diabetes
All of the following are likely causes of prolonged decelerations except:
• Uterine tachysystole
• Prolapsed cord
• Maternal hypotension
• Maternal fever correct answerD. Maternal fever
, All of the following could likely cause minimal variability in FHR except
• Magnesium sulfate administration
• Fetal sleep cycle
• Narcotic administration
• Ephedrine administration correct answerD. Ephedrine administration
When an IUPC has been placed, Montevideo units must be or greater for adequate cervical change to occur.
A. 100
B. 200
C. 300
D. 400 correct answerB. 200
What would be a suspected pH in a fetus whose FHTs included recurrent late decelerations during
labor?A. 7.10
B. 7.26
C. 7.32
D. 7.41 correct answerA. 7.10
The nurse notes a pattern of decelerations on the fetal monitor that begins shortly after the contraction and
returns to baseline just before the contraction is over. The correct nursing response is to:
• Give the woman oxygen by facemask at 8-10 L/min
• Position the woman on her opposite side
• Increase the rate of the woman's intravenous fluid
• Continue to observe and record the normal pattern correct answerd. Continue to observe and record the
normal pattern
Determining the FHR baseline requires the nurse to approximate the mean FHR rounded to increments of 5
bpm during a -minute window (excluding accelerations and decelerations).
• 2
• 5
• 10
GUIDE COMPLETE SOLUTION 2023/2024 CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
Which of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine blood flow?
• Hypertension
• Epidural
• Hemorrhage
• Diabetes
• All of the above correct answere. All of the above
Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces:
• A decrease in the heart rate
• An increase in the heart rate
• An increase in stroke volume
• No change correct answera. A decrease in the heart rate
The vagus nerve begins maturation 26 to 28 weeks. Its dominance results in what effect to the FHR baseline?
• Increases baseline
• Decreases baseline correct answerb. Decreases baseline
T/F: The most common artifact with the ultrasound transducer system for fetal heart rate is increased variability.
correct answerTrue
T/F: All fetal monitors contain a logic system designed to reject artifact. correct answerTrue
T/F: Fetal arrhythmias can be seen on both internal and external monitor tracings. correct answerTrue
T/F: Variability and periodic changes can be detected with both internal and external monitoring. correct
answerTrue
T/F: Variable decelerations are a vagal response. correct answerTrue
,T/F: Variable decelerations are the most frequently seen fetal heart rate deceleration pattern in labor. correct
answerTrue
Etiology of a baseline FHR of 165bpm occurring for the last hour can be:
• Maternal supine hypotension
• Maternal fever
• Maternal dehydration
• Unknown
• 1 and 2
• 1, 2 and 3
• 2, 3 and 4 correct answerc. 2, 3 and 4
The most prevalent risk factor associated with fetal death before the onset of labor is:
• Low socioeconomic status
• Fetal malpresentation
• Uteroplacental insufficiency
• Uterine anomalies correct answerc. Uteroplacental insufficiency
Which of the following conditions is not an indication for antepartum fetal surveillance?
• Gestational hypertension
• Diabetes in pregnancy
• Fetus in breech presentation
• Decreased fetal movement correct answerc. Fetus in breech presentation
Which of the following does not affect the degree of fetal activity?
• Vibroacoustic stimulation
• Smoking
• Fetal position
• Gestational age correct answera. Vibroacoustic stimulation
,T/F: Umbilical cord influences that can alter blood flow include true knots, hematomas, and number of umbilical
vessels. correct answerTrue
T/F: Low amplitude contractions are not an early sign of preterm labor. correct answerFalse
T/F: Corticosteroid administration may cause an increase in FHR accelerations. correct answerFalse
T/F: Corticosteroid administration may cause an increase in FHR. correct answerTrue
T/F: Contractions cause an increase in uterine venous pressure and a decrease in uterine artery perfusion. correct
answerTrue
As a result of the intrinsic fetal response to oxygen deprivation, increased catecholamine levels cause the
peripheral blood flow to decrease while the blood flow to vital organs increases. These flow changes along with
increased catecholamine secretions have what effect on fetal blood pressure and fetal heart rate?
• Increase BP and increase HR
• Increase BP and decrease HR
• Decrease BP and increase HR
• Decrease BP and decrease HR correct answerB. Increase BP and decrease HR
During a term antepartum NST (non-stress test), you notice several variable decelerations that decrease at least 15
bpm and last at least 15 sec long. Which of the following is the least likely explanation?
• True knot
• Gestational diabetes
• Umbilical cord entanglement
• Oligohydramnios correct answerB. Gestational diabetes
All of the following are likely causes of prolonged decelerations except:
• Uterine tachysystole
• Prolapsed cord
• Maternal hypotension
• Maternal fever correct answerD. Maternal fever
, All of the following could likely cause minimal variability in FHR except
• Magnesium sulfate administration
• Fetal sleep cycle
• Narcotic administration
• Ephedrine administration correct answerD. Ephedrine administration
When an IUPC has been placed, Montevideo units must be or greater for adequate cervical change to occur.
A. 100
B. 200
C. 300
D. 400 correct answerB. 200
What would be a suspected pH in a fetus whose FHTs included recurrent late decelerations during
labor?A. 7.10
B. 7.26
C. 7.32
D. 7.41 correct answerA. 7.10
The nurse notes a pattern of decelerations on the fetal monitor that begins shortly after the contraction and
returns to baseline just before the contraction is over. The correct nursing response is to:
• Give the woman oxygen by facemask at 8-10 L/min
• Position the woman on her opposite side
• Increase the rate of the woman's intravenous fluid
• Continue to observe and record the normal pattern correct answerd. Continue to observe and record the
normal pattern
Determining the FHR baseline requires the nurse to approximate the mean FHR rounded to increments of 5
bpm during a -minute window (excluding accelerations and decelerations).
• 2
• 5
• 10
