neuro exam review latest update A+
graded
what is mannitol? - answer an osmotic diuretic
what is mannitol used for? - answer decreases intracranial pressure
what do we give to patients in a shock state along with mannitol? - answer fluids
what do we have to be careful of when giving shock patients fluids with mannitol? -
answer respiratory complications
when do we give someone fluids with mannitol? - answer if they are hypovolemic
what does SIADH stand for? - answer syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
do patients with SIADH have too little or too much ADH? - answer too much
are SIADH patients retaining or getting rid of too much fluid? - answer they are
retaining fluid
why do SIADH patients retain fluid? - answer they have something wrong with their
pituitary gland, cerebral edema pushing on pituitary gland
who is at risk for developing SIADH? - answer heart failure patients
patients recovering from surgery
if the GCS is less than 8 - answer intubate
what is GCS for? - answer determining prognosis and how bad the head injury is
what happens if someone has a really low GCS? - answer they can't protect their
airway
, what are the contraindications for TPA? - answer bleeding, history of hemorrhage or
other head injury
what do we not give with TPA? - answer aspirin
what are adverse effects of phenytoin? - answer rash
sedation
neuropathy
phenytoin encephalopathy
psychosis
what do we not want to do with someone with increased ICP? - answer flex the hips,
move them too quickly, lay them flat
what increases ICP? - answer coughing, sneezing, bending, straining, ventilators,
excessive stimulation, suctioning, high levels of PEEP
can you move and talk to patients with ICP? - answer yes
do you still turn and reposition patients with increased ICP? - answer yes
what is the difference between DI and SIADH? - answer DI: diluted urine
SIADH: concentrated urine
what is the first thing you will notice with hemorrhaging or increased cerebral edema
patients? - answer changes in LOC
what factors impact how perfused the brain is? - answer cardiac output, MAP, and ICP
what do we do for patients with low BP that is affecting their mental status? - answer
bring their BP up
what can we give to patients to raise their BP? - answer IV fluids
vasopressors
what do you do for coma patients? - answer eye care
mouth care
turning and reposition
make sure they're clean
what is the number one indicator of a worsening condition in someone with a head
injury? - answer changes in mental status
what are indicators of a hemorrhagic stroke? - answer changes in BP
headache
pupillary changes
nausea
graded
what is mannitol? - answer an osmotic diuretic
what is mannitol used for? - answer decreases intracranial pressure
what do we give to patients in a shock state along with mannitol? - answer fluids
what do we have to be careful of when giving shock patients fluids with mannitol? -
answer respiratory complications
when do we give someone fluids with mannitol? - answer if they are hypovolemic
what does SIADH stand for? - answer syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
do patients with SIADH have too little or too much ADH? - answer too much
are SIADH patients retaining or getting rid of too much fluid? - answer they are
retaining fluid
why do SIADH patients retain fluid? - answer they have something wrong with their
pituitary gland, cerebral edema pushing on pituitary gland
who is at risk for developing SIADH? - answer heart failure patients
patients recovering from surgery
if the GCS is less than 8 - answer intubate
what is GCS for? - answer determining prognosis and how bad the head injury is
what happens if someone has a really low GCS? - answer they can't protect their
airway
, what are the contraindications for TPA? - answer bleeding, history of hemorrhage or
other head injury
what do we not give with TPA? - answer aspirin
what are adverse effects of phenytoin? - answer rash
sedation
neuropathy
phenytoin encephalopathy
psychosis
what do we not want to do with someone with increased ICP? - answer flex the hips,
move them too quickly, lay them flat
what increases ICP? - answer coughing, sneezing, bending, straining, ventilators,
excessive stimulation, suctioning, high levels of PEEP
can you move and talk to patients with ICP? - answer yes
do you still turn and reposition patients with increased ICP? - answer yes
what is the difference between DI and SIADH? - answer DI: diluted urine
SIADH: concentrated urine
what is the first thing you will notice with hemorrhaging or increased cerebral edema
patients? - answer changes in LOC
what factors impact how perfused the brain is? - answer cardiac output, MAP, and ICP
what do we do for patients with low BP that is affecting their mental status? - answer
bring their BP up
what can we give to patients to raise their BP? - answer IV fluids
vasopressors
what do you do for coma patients? - answer eye care
mouth care
turning and reposition
make sure they're clean
what is the number one indicator of a worsening condition in someone with a head
injury? - answer changes in mental status
what are indicators of a hemorrhagic stroke? - answer changes in BP
headache
pupillary changes
nausea
