CSD 315 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024
Why is understanding/knowing normal speech sound acquisition
important? list the reasons - ANSWER--can compare to normative data,
can't know typical if you don't know atypical
-referral assessment
-diagnosis
selecting -intervention targets -prep dismissal
how do we study speech sound acquisition at different ages - ANSWER-
-1. high amplitude sucking
2.conditioned head turn paradigm 3. event related potentials
4. eye tracking
5. habituation - starks stages
high amplitude sucking - ANSWER--1. measure infant sucking rate as
they listen to stimulus A
2. introduce stimulus B
3. if sucking rate increases, infant heard a difference between stimulus A
and B
conditioned head turn - ANSWER--training
-infant is looking straight ahead and hears a stimulus (BABA)
-different speech stimuli presented via speaker to one side of infant (DA)
-infant reinforced when they turn their head in a change in sound
, CSD 315 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024
testing
-does infant turn head when there is a change in sound before
reinforcement
habituation - ANSWER--1. once infant is familiar with a stimulus, they
won't pay attention to it anymore.
2. if there is a new stimulus they will pay attention again
3.infant looks at monitor and visual image and sound
4. when looking, time drops pre-established criteria, testing begins
5. test = same sounds are presented and then the new ones after that
eye tracking - ANSWER--finer grained measure
-use video camera or eye tracker
-measure latency of childs first look
-measure relative looking time duration
-can use for speech perception, vocab, and word learning
event related potentials - ANSWER--measure infants brain activity
when listening to speech stimuli
-does not require participant to make a behavioral response to the stimuli
-different ERP response for familiar vs novel sounds
, CSD 315 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024
starks stages - ANSWER--1. reflexive
2. control of phonation
3. expansion
4. basic canonical 5. advanced form
be able to explain infant directed speech - ANSWER--motherese - high
pitch
fluctuating intonation hyperarticulation
short utterances greater frequencies, simple syntax, verbal rituals,
repetition and paraphrasing, frequent questioning and greeting
why are early, middle late sounds important - ANSWER--based on
children with speech sound disorders - same pattern holds true to most
children (even with errors) - can see typical development
early 8 phonemes - ANSWER--m, b, j, n, w, d, p, h
middle 8 phonemes - ANSWER--/t, ŋ, k, g, f, v, tʃ, dʒ/
late 8 phonemes - ANSWER--/ʃ, θ, s, z, ð, l, r, ʒ/
most common phonological processes - ANSWER--substitution, weak
syllable deletion, reduplication, stopping, fronting
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024
Why is understanding/knowing normal speech sound acquisition
important? list the reasons - ANSWER--can compare to normative data,
can't know typical if you don't know atypical
-referral assessment
-diagnosis
selecting -intervention targets -prep dismissal
how do we study speech sound acquisition at different ages - ANSWER-
-1. high amplitude sucking
2.conditioned head turn paradigm 3. event related potentials
4. eye tracking
5. habituation - starks stages
high amplitude sucking - ANSWER--1. measure infant sucking rate as
they listen to stimulus A
2. introduce stimulus B
3. if sucking rate increases, infant heard a difference between stimulus A
and B
conditioned head turn - ANSWER--training
-infant is looking straight ahead and hears a stimulus (BABA)
-different speech stimuli presented via speaker to one side of infant (DA)
-infant reinforced when they turn their head in a change in sound
, CSD 315 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024
testing
-does infant turn head when there is a change in sound before
reinforcement
habituation - ANSWER--1. once infant is familiar with a stimulus, they
won't pay attention to it anymore.
2. if there is a new stimulus they will pay attention again
3.infant looks at monitor and visual image and sound
4. when looking, time drops pre-established criteria, testing begins
5. test = same sounds are presented and then the new ones after that
eye tracking - ANSWER--finer grained measure
-use video camera or eye tracker
-measure latency of childs first look
-measure relative looking time duration
-can use for speech perception, vocab, and word learning
event related potentials - ANSWER--measure infants brain activity
when listening to speech stimuli
-does not require participant to make a behavioral response to the stimuli
-different ERP response for familiar vs novel sounds
, CSD 315 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024
starks stages - ANSWER--1. reflexive
2. control of phonation
3. expansion
4. basic canonical 5. advanced form
be able to explain infant directed speech - ANSWER--motherese - high
pitch
fluctuating intonation hyperarticulation
short utterances greater frequencies, simple syntax, verbal rituals,
repetition and paraphrasing, frequent questioning and greeting
why are early, middle late sounds important - ANSWER--based on
children with speech sound disorders - same pattern holds true to most
children (even with errors) - can see typical development
early 8 phonemes - ANSWER--m, b, j, n, w, d, p, h
middle 8 phonemes - ANSWER--/t, ŋ, k, g, f, v, tʃ, dʒ/
late 8 phonemes - ANSWER--/ʃ, θ, s, z, ð, l, r, ʒ/
most common phonological processes - ANSWER--substitution, weak
syllable deletion, reduplication, stopping, fronting
