PH Unit 3 (final): Vocab latest update A+
graded
how a pollutant enters the food chain; the accumulation over time of a chemical in a
living organism - bioaccumulation
eg: can come from bug spray, roach spray (educate to limit intake of foods or exposure
to harmful chemicals) - bioaccumulation
process of using medical tests such as blood or urine collection to determine whether a
person has been exposed to a contaminant and how much exposure he or she has
received - biomonitoring
effects include: respiratory syndrome, water-borne outbreaks, housing displacement,
decreased access to health services, damage to mental health - severe weather
(climate change)
effects include: asthma, cardiovascular disease, pollen, lung cancer, chronic respiratory
disease, strokes, indoor mold growth, allergy exacerbation - air pollution
effects include: malaria, dengue, encephalitis, hantavirus, rift valley fever, lyme disease,
chikungunya, west nile virus, zoonotic diseases (changes in range/lifespan/virulence) -
changes in vector ecology
effects include: cholera, cryptosporidiosis, campylobacter, leptospirosis, harmful algal
blooms - impacted water quality
effects include: forced migration, civil conflict, impacted mental health - environmental
degradation
effects include: heat-related death, cardiovascular failure, AKI, dehydration, increased
violence - extreme heat
, injustice from hazards and pollutants (lead, air pollution, pesticides), illegal dumping,
poor enforcement of regulations, inadequate response to community complaints -
environmental health disparities
ask about or observe unintended environmental exposures related to air, water, land,
light, food, chemicals - environmental health risk assessment (of population)
can be done via windshield survey or reviewing environmental databases -
environmental health risk assessment (of population)
ask about work, residence, activities + hobbies, issues/concerns - environmental health
exposure history (of an individual)
Investigate potential exposures, Present workplace, Residence, Past work, Activities,
Referrals, Educate - IPREPARE model (environmental health risk assessment)
_______ are at increased risk of contamination (d/t rapid development, risky behavior,
body size, decreased contaminant excretion, increased exposure to environmental
hazards) - children
the placement of low-income or minority communities in the proximity of environmentally
hazardous or degraded environments, such as toxic waste, pollution and urban decay -
environmental racism
common contaminant in certain fish, burning coal, old thermometers - mercury
monitor fish intake for exposure (especially pregnant women) - mercury
radioactive gas contaminant that naturally occuring in the ground that is found across
the US; can seep through cracks in foundations (inhaled without odor) - radon
test for ____ in residences for exposure - radon
man-made chemical contaminant used in creation of waterproof/nonstick/stain resistant
products ("forever chemicals") - PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances)
contaminant seeps into ground + water supplies or ingested (review water report and
test wells for exposure) - PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances)
contaminant chemicals produced in the US until 1979 for industrial hydraulics, electrical
equipment, plasticizers (continue to be in use); ingested & inhaled via air, water, soil -
PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls)
natural contaminant often found in humid/wet locations; exposed via inhalation - mold
contaminant can be monitored with tests + air quality checks - mold
graded
how a pollutant enters the food chain; the accumulation over time of a chemical in a
living organism - bioaccumulation
eg: can come from bug spray, roach spray (educate to limit intake of foods or exposure
to harmful chemicals) - bioaccumulation
process of using medical tests such as blood or urine collection to determine whether a
person has been exposed to a contaminant and how much exposure he or she has
received - biomonitoring
effects include: respiratory syndrome, water-borne outbreaks, housing displacement,
decreased access to health services, damage to mental health - severe weather
(climate change)
effects include: asthma, cardiovascular disease, pollen, lung cancer, chronic respiratory
disease, strokes, indoor mold growth, allergy exacerbation - air pollution
effects include: malaria, dengue, encephalitis, hantavirus, rift valley fever, lyme disease,
chikungunya, west nile virus, zoonotic diseases (changes in range/lifespan/virulence) -
changes in vector ecology
effects include: cholera, cryptosporidiosis, campylobacter, leptospirosis, harmful algal
blooms - impacted water quality
effects include: forced migration, civil conflict, impacted mental health - environmental
degradation
effects include: heat-related death, cardiovascular failure, AKI, dehydration, increased
violence - extreme heat
, injustice from hazards and pollutants (lead, air pollution, pesticides), illegal dumping,
poor enforcement of regulations, inadequate response to community complaints -
environmental health disparities
ask about or observe unintended environmental exposures related to air, water, land,
light, food, chemicals - environmental health risk assessment (of population)
can be done via windshield survey or reviewing environmental databases -
environmental health risk assessment (of population)
ask about work, residence, activities + hobbies, issues/concerns - environmental health
exposure history (of an individual)
Investigate potential exposures, Present workplace, Residence, Past work, Activities,
Referrals, Educate - IPREPARE model (environmental health risk assessment)
_______ are at increased risk of contamination (d/t rapid development, risky behavior,
body size, decreased contaminant excretion, increased exposure to environmental
hazards) - children
the placement of low-income or minority communities in the proximity of environmentally
hazardous or degraded environments, such as toxic waste, pollution and urban decay -
environmental racism
common contaminant in certain fish, burning coal, old thermometers - mercury
monitor fish intake for exposure (especially pregnant women) - mercury
radioactive gas contaminant that naturally occuring in the ground that is found across
the US; can seep through cracks in foundations (inhaled without odor) - radon
test for ____ in residences for exposure - radon
man-made chemical contaminant used in creation of waterproof/nonstick/stain resistant
products ("forever chemicals") - PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances)
contaminant seeps into ground + water supplies or ingested (review water report and
test wells for exposure) - PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances)
contaminant chemicals produced in the US until 1979 for industrial hydraulics, electrical
equipment, plasticizers (continue to be in use); ingested & inhaled via air, water, soil -
PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls)
natural contaminant often found in humid/wet locations; exposed via inhalation - mold
contaminant can be monitored with tests + air quality checks - mold
