NCLEX Basic Care & Comfort with verified questions and answers.

NCLEX Basic Care & Comfort with verified questions and answers. The client with tuberculosis is to be discharged home with nursing follow-up. Which aspect of nursing care will have the highest priority? a) assessing the client's environment for sanitation b) coordinating various agency services c) teaching the client about the disease and its treatment d) offering the client emotional support - correct ing the client about the disease and its treatment Explanation: Ensuring that the client is well educated about tuberculosis is the highest priority. Education of the client and family is essential to help the client understand the need for completing the prescribed drug therapy to cure the disease. Which of the following expected outcomes would be appropriate for the client who has ulcerative colitis? The client: a) Maintains a daily record of intake and output. b) Uses a heating pad to decrease abdominal cramping. c) Accepts that a colostomy is inevitable at some time in his life. d) Verbalizes the importance of small, frequent feedings. - correct answers.Verbalizes the importance of small, frequent feedings. Explanation: Small, frequent feedings are better tolerated by clients with ulcerative colitis as they lessen the amount of fecal material present in the gastrointestinal tract and decrease stimulation. A 5-year-old child with burns on the trunk and arms has no appetite. The nurse and parent develop a plan of care to stimulate the child's appetite. Which suggestion made by the parent would indicate the need for additional teaching? a) deciding that the parent will feed the child b) serving smaller and more frequent meals c) offering the child finger foods that the child likes d) withholding dessert and treats unless meals are eaten - correct olding dessert and treats unless meals are eaten Explanation: Withholding certain foods until the child complies is punitive and rarely successful. A nurse is caring for a severely depressed client who is barely functioning. The priority nursing goal for this client would be to: a) assess for level of depression and continue antidepressant medication. b) assess for and maintain adequate nutrition and hydration. c) assess for the client's hygiene needs and ensure that these needs are met. d) involve the client's family in his care as much as possible. - correct s for and maintain adequate nutrition and hydration. Explanation: Food and fluid intake may be compromised in a client who is severely depressed. The nurse must ensure that the client is adequately hydrated and is receiving proper nutrition An adolescent is diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. After emphasizing the importance of consuming dietary iron, the nurse asks him to select iron-rich breakfast items from a sample menu. Which selection demonstrates knowledge of dietary iron sources? a) Ham and eggs b) Bagel and cream cheese c) Grapefruit and white toast d) Pancakes and a banana - correct answers.Ham and eggs Explanation: Good sources of dietary iron include red meat, egg yolks, whole wheat breads, seafood, nuts, legumes, iron-fortified cereals, and green, leafy vegetables. Which intervention is essential when performing dressing changes on a client with a diabetic foot ulcer? a) Using sterile technique during the dressing change b) Cleaning the wound with a povidone-iodine solution c) Debriding the wound three times per day d) Applying a heating pad - correct answers.Remove elastic stockings once per day and observe lower extremities. Explanation: Elastic stockings are used to promote venous return and prevent deep vein thrombosis. A client with peripheral vascular disease and diabetes is at risk for skin breakdown, and the nurse must therefore remove the stockings once per day to observe the condition of the skin The nurse is teaching the mother of a newly diagnosed diabetic child about the principles of the diabetic diet. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates effective teaching? a) "Snacks are used to keep blood glucose at acceptable levels during times when the insulin level peaks." b) "By spreading the calories throughout the day in small, frequent meals, the risk of hyperglycemia is eliminated." c) "Snacks are used to offset the desire for sweets and to keep the meals smaller so my child can eat better." d) "Most children find it difficult to eat all the calories required by their diets in three main meals." - correct answers."Snacks are used to keep blood glucose at acceptable levels during times when the insulin level peaks." Explanation: Snacks are included in the diabetic diet to offset periods of peak insulin action. Because of the lack of pancreatic functioning, the child does not receive differing amounts of insulin in response to the glucose level in the bloodstream. The child with diabetes mellitus is given insulin at specific times; dietary intake must be matched to the insulin peaks and troughs. A child, age 2, with a history of recurrent ear infections is brought to the clinic with a fever and irritability. To elicit the most pertinent information about the child's ear problems, the nurse should ask the parent: a) "Does your child tug at either ear?" b) "Does anyone in your family have hearing problems?" c) "Does your child have any hearing problems?" d) "Does your child's ear hurt?" - correct answers."Does your child tug at either ear?" Explanation: Although all of the options are appropriate questions to ask when assessing a young child's ear problems, questions about the child's behavior, such as "Does your child tug at either ear?" are most useful because a young child usually can't describe symptoms accurately. Which of the following interventions would likely be most effective for the client to use at home when managing the discomfort of rhinoplasty 2 days after surgery? a) Lying in a prone position. b) Applying ice compresses. c) Blowing the nose gently. d) Applying warm, moist compresses. - correct answers.Applying ice compresses. Explanation: The most effective way to decrease discomfort is to decrease local edema. Cold application, such as an ice compress or ice bag, is effective. A nurse is assigned to care for a client with a tracheostomy tube. How can the nurse communicate with this client? a) By supplying a magic slate or similar device b) By placing the call button under the client's pillow c) By suctioning the client frequently