CMAN 380 Exam 3 Questions and Correct
Answers, With Rationale 100% Correct
Name the first nurse epidemiologist who pioneered the use of statistics to
improve public health.
A. Dorothea Dix
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Lillian Wald
D. Sue Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale used statistics to show changes in outcomes as hospital
conditions during the war improved because of nurses.
The nurse noted that 15 people became very ill while eating at the school banquet
for the basketball team. To calculate the rate of illness, what other fact does the
nurse need?
A. How many athletes were honored for being on the team
B. How many parents and family members attended the banquet
C. How many people ate at the banquet
D. What foods were served at the banquet
E. Who prepared and served the food at the banquet
C. How many people ate at the banquet
To be able to calculate the rate, the nurse needs to know how many became ill (15) out
of the total population (the missing number) at the event. Therefore the nurse needs to
know how many people ate at the banquet.
A rate might be accurately defined as:
A. Another term for ratio.
B. A way of determining the incidence of disease in a group.
C. A way to make comparisons among equal-size populations.
D. The number of events divided by the number of persons at risk.
D. The number of events divided by the number of persons at risk.
A rate is a numerator of the actual number of events and a denominator of the total
population at risk converted to a standard base to permit comparisons between various
population groups of whatever size.
,The nurse was asked whether the agency should focus on young single moms in
Two Oaks or Centerville. Two Oaks had 50 single moms in a village of 4000
persons, whereas Centerville had 150 single moms in an urban area of 15,000
people. What would be the best reply?
A. As the nurse can be helpful to either neighborhood, the nurse can choose.
B. The nurse needs more data.
C. The nurse should choose to focus on single moms in Centerville
D. The nurse should choose to focus on single moms in Two Oaks.
D. The nurse should choose to focus on single moms in Two Oaks.
It is apparent that Two Oaks has a higher rate of single moms than Centerville does.
Nurses must focus on high-risk groups—and the single moms in Two Oaks are at
higher risk.
What was one of the first public health measures legislated by the U.S. federal
government?
A. Fund local government provision of safe water.
B. Use the power to impose quarantine.
C. Inspect restaurants, bars, and other public eating facilities.
D. Regulate disposal of waste (garbage and feces).
E. Require pasteurization of all milk.
B. Use the power to impose quarantine.
Quarantine was the first measure used on a federal level to restrict spread of infectious
diseases.
Jacob Henle developed scientific criteria to link an organism to its specific
disease. What are his criteria, which we still use today?
A. Give samples of the organism to three different researchers and see if all three
researchers can grow it successfully.
B. Grow the organism on the diseased tissue and then see if, when spread on
normal tissue, the organism continues to grow.
C. Identify microorganisms under a microscope and grow them on the tissue that
the disease usually infects.
D. Identify the organism, isolate the organism, and see if the organism produces
disease.
D. Identify the organism, isolate the organism, and see if the organism produces
disease.
, Henle's three criteria to link an organism to its specific disease were to identify the
organism, isolate it, and use the organism to generate disease.
n what way are antibiotics important in reducing the spread of communicable
diseases?
A. Help keep the environment free of the infectious agent.
B. Help the host resist the infection.
C. Kill the entire infectious agent upon contact with it.
D. Reduce the time during which the infected person is contagious.
D. Reduce the time during which the infected person is contagious.
Antibiotics have many effects, but they reduce the spread of communicable diseases by
decreasing the time during which an infected host is contagious.
What is true concerning infectious diseases at the current time in the United
States?
A. They account for 25% of all physician visits and are still a major cause of
death.
B. They are not a community/public health problem in the United States.
C. They are a major source of morbidity in the world, but not in the United States.
D. They are a major source of mortality in the world, but rarely fatal in the United
States.
A. They account for 25% of all physician visits and are still a major cause of death.
Infectious diseases are a major cause of death in many nonindustrialized countries.
Even in the United States, infectious diseases are responsible for 25% of all doctors'
visits and remain a leading cause of death.
What occurred to help create several measles epidemics in the 1990s?
A. People had stopped getting measles and other immunizations.
B. The measles vaccine was no longer effective against the agent because it had
mutated.
C. The measles vaccine did not provide lifetime immunity.
D. Thousands of ineffective contaminated vaccine injections had unknowingly
been given.
C. The measles vaccine did not provide lifetime immunity.
Although it had been believed that measles immunity lasted for a lifetime, it clearly did
not, and one to two booster doses are now recommended for continued protection
against measles.
Answers, With Rationale 100% Correct
Name the first nurse epidemiologist who pioneered the use of statistics to
improve public health.
A. Dorothea Dix
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Lillian Wald
D. Sue Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale used statistics to show changes in outcomes as hospital
conditions during the war improved because of nurses.
The nurse noted that 15 people became very ill while eating at the school banquet
for the basketball team. To calculate the rate of illness, what other fact does the
nurse need?
A. How many athletes were honored for being on the team
B. How many parents and family members attended the banquet
C. How many people ate at the banquet
D. What foods were served at the banquet
E. Who prepared and served the food at the banquet
C. How many people ate at the banquet
To be able to calculate the rate, the nurse needs to know how many became ill (15) out
of the total population (the missing number) at the event. Therefore the nurse needs to
know how many people ate at the banquet.
A rate might be accurately defined as:
A. Another term for ratio.
B. A way of determining the incidence of disease in a group.
C. A way to make comparisons among equal-size populations.
D. The number of events divided by the number of persons at risk.
D. The number of events divided by the number of persons at risk.
A rate is a numerator of the actual number of events and a denominator of the total
population at risk converted to a standard base to permit comparisons between various
population groups of whatever size.
,The nurse was asked whether the agency should focus on young single moms in
Two Oaks or Centerville. Two Oaks had 50 single moms in a village of 4000
persons, whereas Centerville had 150 single moms in an urban area of 15,000
people. What would be the best reply?
A. As the nurse can be helpful to either neighborhood, the nurse can choose.
B. The nurse needs more data.
C. The nurse should choose to focus on single moms in Centerville
D. The nurse should choose to focus on single moms in Two Oaks.
D. The nurse should choose to focus on single moms in Two Oaks.
It is apparent that Two Oaks has a higher rate of single moms than Centerville does.
Nurses must focus on high-risk groups—and the single moms in Two Oaks are at
higher risk.
What was one of the first public health measures legislated by the U.S. federal
government?
A. Fund local government provision of safe water.
B. Use the power to impose quarantine.
C. Inspect restaurants, bars, and other public eating facilities.
D. Regulate disposal of waste (garbage and feces).
E. Require pasteurization of all milk.
B. Use the power to impose quarantine.
Quarantine was the first measure used on a federal level to restrict spread of infectious
diseases.
Jacob Henle developed scientific criteria to link an organism to its specific
disease. What are his criteria, which we still use today?
A. Give samples of the organism to three different researchers and see if all three
researchers can grow it successfully.
B. Grow the organism on the diseased tissue and then see if, when spread on
normal tissue, the organism continues to grow.
C. Identify microorganisms under a microscope and grow them on the tissue that
the disease usually infects.
D. Identify the organism, isolate the organism, and see if the organism produces
disease.
D. Identify the organism, isolate the organism, and see if the organism produces
disease.
, Henle's three criteria to link an organism to its specific disease were to identify the
organism, isolate it, and use the organism to generate disease.
n what way are antibiotics important in reducing the spread of communicable
diseases?
A. Help keep the environment free of the infectious agent.
B. Help the host resist the infection.
C. Kill the entire infectious agent upon contact with it.
D. Reduce the time during which the infected person is contagious.
D. Reduce the time during which the infected person is contagious.
Antibiotics have many effects, but they reduce the spread of communicable diseases by
decreasing the time during which an infected host is contagious.
What is true concerning infectious diseases at the current time in the United
States?
A. They account for 25% of all physician visits and are still a major cause of
death.
B. They are not a community/public health problem in the United States.
C. They are a major source of morbidity in the world, but not in the United States.
D. They are a major source of mortality in the world, but rarely fatal in the United
States.
A. They account for 25% of all physician visits and are still a major cause of death.
Infectious diseases are a major cause of death in many nonindustrialized countries.
Even in the United States, infectious diseases are responsible for 25% of all doctors'
visits and remain a leading cause of death.
What occurred to help create several measles epidemics in the 1990s?
A. People had stopped getting measles and other immunizations.
B. The measles vaccine was no longer effective against the agent because it had
mutated.
C. The measles vaccine did not provide lifetime immunity.
D. Thousands of ineffective contaminated vaccine injections had unknowingly
been given.
C. The measles vaccine did not provide lifetime immunity.
Although it had been believed that measles immunity lasted for a lifetime, it clearly did
not, and one to two booster doses are now recommended for continued protection
against measles.
