Chapter 31: Lower Respiratory System Drugs Introductory Clinical Pharmacology 12th Edition by Susan M Ford

Introductory Clinical Pharmacology 12th Edition by Susan M Ford 1. The nursing instructor is teaching a session explaining mast cell stabilizers. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which drug as an example? a. Beclomethasone b. Cromolyn c. Albuterol d. Montelukast Answer: B Rationale: Cromolyn is an example of a mast cell stabilizer. Beclomethasone is an inhaled corticosteroid. Albuterol is a short-acting beta2 agonist. Montelukast is an example of a leukotriene modifier. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 31 Learning Objective: 1 Cognitive Level: Remember Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 395, Summary Drug Table 2. A nurse has administered albuterol to a client with asthma, who is now reporting dizziness, especially when standing up. When analyzing the client's record for potential sources, which prescribed medications should the nurse question? a. Warfarin b. Theophylline c. Atenolol d. Methyldopa Answer: D Rationale: The nurse should consider methyldopa as a cause for the client's concern of dizziness on standing, suggesting orthostatic hypotension. Methyldopa and albuterol interact, leading to hypotension. Albuterol does not interact with warfarin. The use of theophylline will increase the risk of cardiotoxicity. The use of beta-adrenergic blockers will inhibit cardiac, bronchodilating, and vasodilating effects of the adrenergic medication. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 31 Learning Objective: 1 Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies Integrated Process: Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process) Reference: p. 383, Cardiovascular System Reactions 3. A client with chronic asthma is prescribed albuterol. The nurse will prioritize which nursing diagnosis for this client? a. Anxiety b. Risk of impaired oral mucous membranes c. Ineffective tissue perfusion d. Risk of injury Answer: A Rationale: The nurse would most likely identify a nursing diagnosis of anxiety related to the adverse reaction of albuterol. A nursing diagnosis of risk of impaired mucous membranes may be seen with the use of corticosteroids, which increase the risk of oral candidiasis. There is no increased risk of injury or ineffective tissue perfusion with the use of albuterol therapy. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 31 Learning Objective: 3 Cognitive Level: Analyze Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies Integrated Process: Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process) Reference: p. 392, Anxiety 4. The health care provider has ordered epinephrine for a client admitted emergently with bronchospasms. The nurse will prepare to administer this drug via which route? a. Intravenous b. Intramuscular c. Subcutaneous d. Intradermal Answer: C Rationale: The nurse should use the subcutaneous route to administer epinephrine for acute bronchospasm. The other routes are not appropriate for this situation. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 31 Learning Objective: 4 Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies Integrated Process: Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process) Reference: p. 390, Quick Relief for Acute Symptom Intervention 5. The nurse is preparing to teach a child with asthma and caregivers about the prescribed corticosteroids. Which factor should the nurse point out will require monitoring? a. Blood pressure b. Skin turgor c. Urine output d. Rate of growth Answer: D Rationale: The nurse should monitor the rate of growth of the child. Children are at risk for a reduction in growth when oral corticosteroids or higher doses of the inhalant form are used. Blood pressure, skin turgor, and urine output are not altered with corticosteroid therapy. Question format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 31 Learning Objective: 4 Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 391, Long-Term Control of Symptoms 6. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving theophylline 400 mg IV for severe bronchospasms, shortness of breath, and SaO2 of 85%. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize? a. Constipation b. Abdominal cramps c. Bradycardia d. Mental depression