Just some ATI med surge practice
questions with correct answers 2024 A+
solution
A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a traumatic head injury and has an
intraventricular catheter (Ventriculostomy) for ICP monitoring. The nurse should monitor
the client for which of the following complications related to the ventriculostomy?:
a. Headache
b. Infection
c. Aphasia
d. Hypertension - - ✅ b. Infection Monitor for infection and use strict asepsis to avoid
life-threatening meningitis.
A nurse is providing education to a client who is to undergo an EEG the next day. Which
of the following info should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Do not wash your hair
the morning of the procedure." b. "Try and stay awake most of the night prior to the
procedure." c. "The procedure will take approximately 15 mins." d. "You will need to lie
flat for 4 hours after the procedure." - ✅ b. "Try and stay awake most of the night prior
to the procedure."
Tell the client to remain awake to provide cranial stress and increase the possibility of
abnormal electrical activity
A nurse is caring for a client who is postprocedural following a lumbar puncture and
reports a throbbing headache when sitting upright. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take? SATA.
a. Use the GCS scale to assess the client b. Assist the client into a supine position c.
Administer an opioid analgesic d. Encourage the client to increase PO fluid intake e.
Instruct the client to perform coughing and deep breathing - - ✅ B, D
A nurse is caring for a client who has continuous bladder irrigation following a
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following findings should
the nurse report to the provider? a Output equal to the instilled irrigate b. Client reports
bladder spasms c. Viscous urinary output with clots d. Reports of strong urge to urinate
,- ✅ c. Viscous urinary output with clots Urine that is bright red with clots is an indication
of arterial bleeding.
A nurse is monitoring the ECG of a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect? a. Flattened T waves b. Prolonged QT intervals c.
Shortened QT intervals d Widened QRS complexes - ✅ b.
Prolonged QT intervals Manifestations of hypocalcemia include tingling, numbness,
tetany, seizures, prolonged QT intervals, and laryngospasm
A nurse is preparing a client who has a brain tumor for a CT scan. Which of the
following factors affects the manner in which the nurse will prepare the client for the
scan? a. No food or fluids consumed for 4 hours b. Difficulty recalling recent events c.
Development of hives while eating shrimp d. Paresthesia in both hands - ✅ c.
Development of hives while eating shrimp Shellfish allergy is contraindication of use of
contrast media during a CT scan.
A nurse is preparing an in-service program about the stages of acute kidney injury.
Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse include about prerenal azotemia?
a. Prerenal azotemia begins prior to the onset of symptoms b. Interference with renal
perfusion causes renal azotemia c. Prerenal azotemia is irreversible, even in early
stages d. Infections and tumors cause prerenal azotemia - - ✅ b. Interference with renal
perfusion causes prerenal azotemia. Prerenal = interference with renal perfusion, such
as from heart failure or hypovolemic shock
A nurse is teaching a client who has CAD about the difference between angina pectoris
and MI. Which of the following should the nurse identify as indications of MI? SATA. a.
N/V b. Diaphoresis and dizziness c. Chest and left arm pain that subsides with rest d.
Anxiety and feelings of doom e. Bounding pulse and bradypnea - - ✅ A, B, D
A nurse is reviewing the lab results of a lumbar puncture for a client who has
manifestations of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect? a. Elevated glucose b. Elevated protein c. Presence of RBCs d. Presence of D-
dime - ✅ b. Elevated protein Manifestations of bacterial meningitis include increase
protein in the CSF, decreased glucose. RBCs can indicate bleeding, however, WBCs
are what indicates bacterial meningitis
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
(MG). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. Use
enemas to treat constipation caused by daily medications B. Take a hot bath when
muscles ache C. Eat a low-calorie diet D. Set an alarm to ensure medication dosages
are taken on time - - ✅ D. Set an alarm to ensure medication dosages are taken on
time
The nurse should instruct the client to take medication dosages on time to maintain a
therapeutic blood level. Dosages should not be missed or postponed because this can
cause an exacerbation of the disease
, A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma
(POAG). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the
teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Lost vision can improve with eye drops. B. Administer eye drops as needed for
vision loss. C. Glasses will be necessary to correct the accompanying presbyopia. D.
Driving can be dangerous due to the loss of peripheral vision. E. Laser surgery can help
reestablish the flow of aqueous humor. - ✅ D. Driving can be dangerous due to the loss
of peripheral vision.
A nurse is assessing a client who has a fractured left femur and is in skeletal traction.
Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Ecchymosis
of the thigh B. Serous drainage at the pin site C. Chest petechiae D. Muscle spasms in
the left leg - - ✅ C. Chest petechiae
The nurse should identify chest petechiae as an indication of fat embolism syndrome.
Clients who have fractures of the long bones such as the femur are at increased risk of
fat emboli. Fat emboli typically occur 12 to 48 hours after the injury when fat droplets
from the marrow enter into the systemic circulation and are deposited in the lungs. The
nurse should immediately notify the provider because the client could progress to acute
respiratory failure.
A nurse is assessing a client who has Kaposi's sarcoma. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? A. Nonproductive cough, fever, and shortness of breath B.
Lesions on the retina that produce blurred vision C. Onset of progressive dementia D.
Reddish-purple skin lesion - - ✅ D. Reddish-purple skin lesions Kaposi's sarcoma is
commonly associated with AIDS and manifests as hyperpigmented multicentric lesions
that can be firm, flat, raised, or nodular. Following a biopsy, the lesions are treated with
radiation and/or chemotherapy.
A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Chest pain is relieved soon
after resting. B. Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain. C. Physical exertion does not
precipitate chest pain. D. Chest pain lasts for longer than 15 min - ✅ D. Chest pain lasts
for longer than 15 min. A client who has unstable angina will have chest pain lasting
longer than 15 minutes. This is due to reduced blood flow in a coronary artery from
atherosclerotic plaque and thrombus formation causing partial arterial obstruction or
from an artery spasm.
A nurse is assessing a client with a closed head injury who has received mannitol for
manifestations of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following findings
indicates that the medication is having a therapeutic effect? A. The client's serum
osmolarity is 310 mOsm/L. B. The client's pupils are dilated. C. The client's heart rate is
56/min. D. The client is restless - - ✅ A. The client's serum osmolarity is 310 mOsm/L.
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce cerebral edema by drawing water out of
the brain tissue. A serum osmolarity of 310 mOsm/L is desired. A decrease in cerebral
edema should result in a decrease in ICP.
questions with correct answers 2024 A+
solution
A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a traumatic head injury and has an
intraventricular catheter (Ventriculostomy) for ICP monitoring. The nurse should monitor
the client for which of the following complications related to the ventriculostomy?:
a. Headache
b. Infection
c. Aphasia
d. Hypertension - - ✅ b. Infection Monitor for infection and use strict asepsis to avoid
life-threatening meningitis.
A nurse is providing education to a client who is to undergo an EEG the next day. Which
of the following info should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Do not wash your hair
the morning of the procedure." b. "Try and stay awake most of the night prior to the
procedure." c. "The procedure will take approximately 15 mins." d. "You will need to lie
flat for 4 hours after the procedure." - ✅ b. "Try and stay awake most of the night prior
to the procedure."
Tell the client to remain awake to provide cranial stress and increase the possibility of
abnormal electrical activity
A nurse is caring for a client who is postprocedural following a lumbar puncture and
reports a throbbing headache when sitting upright. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take? SATA.
a. Use the GCS scale to assess the client b. Assist the client into a supine position c.
Administer an opioid analgesic d. Encourage the client to increase PO fluid intake e.
Instruct the client to perform coughing and deep breathing - - ✅ B, D
A nurse is caring for a client who has continuous bladder irrigation following a
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following findings should
the nurse report to the provider? a Output equal to the instilled irrigate b. Client reports
bladder spasms c. Viscous urinary output with clots d. Reports of strong urge to urinate
,- ✅ c. Viscous urinary output with clots Urine that is bright red with clots is an indication
of arterial bleeding.
A nurse is monitoring the ECG of a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect? a. Flattened T waves b. Prolonged QT intervals c.
Shortened QT intervals d Widened QRS complexes - ✅ b.
Prolonged QT intervals Manifestations of hypocalcemia include tingling, numbness,
tetany, seizures, prolonged QT intervals, and laryngospasm
A nurse is preparing a client who has a brain tumor for a CT scan. Which of the
following factors affects the manner in which the nurse will prepare the client for the
scan? a. No food or fluids consumed for 4 hours b. Difficulty recalling recent events c.
Development of hives while eating shrimp d. Paresthesia in both hands - ✅ c.
Development of hives while eating shrimp Shellfish allergy is contraindication of use of
contrast media during a CT scan.
A nurse is preparing an in-service program about the stages of acute kidney injury.
Which of the following pieces of info should the nurse include about prerenal azotemia?
a. Prerenal azotemia begins prior to the onset of symptoms b. Interference with renal
perfusion causes renal azotemia c. Prerenal azotemia is irreversible, even in early
stages d. Infections and tumors cause prerenal azotemia - - ✅ b. Interference with renal
perfusion causes prerenal azotemia. Prerenal = interference with renal perfusion, such
as from heart failure or hypovolemic shock
A nurse is teaching a client who has CAD about the difference between angina pectoris
and MI. Which of the following should the nurse identify as indications of MI? SATA. a.
N/V b. Diaphoresis and dizziness c. Chest and left arm pain that subsides with rest d.
Anxiety and feelings of doom e. Bounding pulse and bradypnea - - ✅ A, B, D
A nurse is reviewing the lab results of a lumbar puncture for a client who has
manifestations of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect? a. Elevated glucose b. Elevated protein c. Presence of RBCs d. Presence of D-
dime - ✅ b. Elevated protein Manifestations of bacterial meningitis include increase
protein in the CSF, decreased glucose. RBCs can indicate bleeding, however, WBCs
are what indicates bacterial meningitis
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
(MG). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. Use
enemas to treat constipation caused by daily medications B. Take a hot bath when
muscles ache C. Eat a low-calorie diet D. Set an alarm to ensure medication dosages
are taken on time - - ✅ D. Set an alarm to ensure medication dosages are taken on
time
The nurse should instruct the client to take medication dosages on time to maintain a
therapeutic blood level. Dosages should not be missed or postponed because this can
cause an exacerbation of the disease
, A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma
(POAG). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the
teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Lost vision can improve with eye drops. B. Administer eye drops as needed for
vision loss. C. Glasses will be necessary to correct the accompanying presbyopia. D.
Driving can be dangerous due to the loss of peripheral vision. E. Laser surgery can help
reestablish the flow of aqueous humor. - ✅ D. Driving can be dangerous due to the loss
of peripheral vision.
A nurse is assessing a client who has a fractured left femur and is in skeletal traction.
Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Ecchymosis
of the thigh B. Serous drainage at the pin site C. Chest petechiae D. Muscle spasms in
the left leg - - ✅ C. Chest petechiae
The nurse should identify chest petechiae as an indication of fat embolism syndrome.
Clients who have fractures of the long bones such as the femur are at increased risk of
fat emboli. Fat emboli typically occur 12 to 48 hours after the injury when fat droplets
from the marrow enter into the systemic circulation and are deposited in the lungs. The
nurse should immediately notify the provider because the client could progress to acute
respiratory failure.
A nurse is assessing a client who has Kaposi's sarcoma. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? A. Nonproductive cough, fever, and shortness of breath B.
Lesions on the retina that produce blurred vision C. Onset of progressive dementia D.
Reddish-purple skin lesion - - ✅ D. Reddish-purple skin lesions Kaposi's sarcoma is
commonly associated with AIDS and manifests as hyperpigmented multicentric lesions
that can be firm, flat, raised, or nodular. Following a biopsy, the lesions are treated with
radiation and/or chemotherapy.
A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Chest pain is relieved soon
after resting. B. Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain. C. Physical exertion does not
precipitate chest pain. D. Chest pain lasts for longer than 15 min - ✅ D. Chest pain lasts
for longer than 15 min. A client who has unstable angina will have chest pain lasting
longer than 15 minutes. This is due to reduced blood flow in a coronary artery from
atherosclerotic plaque and thrombus formation causing partial arterial obstruction or
from an artery spasm.
A nurse is assessing a client with a closed head injury who has received mannitol for
manifestations of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following findings
indicates that the medication is having a therapeutic effect? A. The client's serum
osmolarity is 310 mOsm/L. B. The client's pupils are dilated. C. The client's heart rate is
56/min. D. The client is restless - - ✅ A. The client's serum osmolarity is 310 mOsm/L.
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce cerebral edema by drawing water out of
the brain tissue. A serum osmolarity of 310 mOsm/L is desired. A decrease in cerebral
edema should result in a decrease in ICP.
