MDC 2 EXAM 1 NCLEX STYLE PRACTICE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding
indicates a chemotherapy-induced complication?
Urine output of 400 ml in 8 hours
Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L
Blood pressure of 120/64 to 130/72 mm HgSodium level of 142 mEq/L, - Answer-
Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L
A client receiving external radiation to the left thorax to treat lung cancer has a nursing
diagnosis of Risk for impaired skin integrity. Which intervention should be part of this
client's care plan?
Avoiding using soap on the irradiated areas Applying talcum powder to the irradiated
areas daily after bathing
Wearing a lead apron during direct contact with the client
Removing thoracic skin markings after each radiation treatment, - Answer- Avoiding
using soap on the irradiated areas
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a platelet count of
30,000/mm3. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?
"I floss my teeth every morning."
"I use an electric razor to shave."
"I take a stool softener every morning."
"I removed all the throw rugs from the house.", - Answer- "I floss my teeth every
morning."
A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which assessment finding places
the client at the greatest risk for an infection?
White blood cell (WBC) count of 9,000 cells/mm3
Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel
Temperature of 98.3° F (36.8° C)
Ate 75% of all meals during the day, - Answer- Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel
A client received chemotherapy 24 hours ago. Which precautions are necessary when
caring for the client?
Wear sterile gloves.
Place incontinence pads in the regular trash container.
Wear personal protective equipment when handling blood, body fluids, and feces.
Provide a urinal or bedpan to decrease the likelihood of soiling linens., - Answer- Wear
personal protective equipment when handling blood, body fluids, and feces.
,Palliation refers to
The spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites.
Hair loss related to the treatment of cancer.
Relief of symptoms associated with disease and promotion of comfort and quality of life.
The lowest point of white blood cell depression after therapy that has toxic effects on
bone marrow., - Answer- Relief of symptoms associated with disease and promotion of
comfort and quality of life.
Which is a sign or symptom of septic shock?
Hypertension
Warm, moist skin
Altered mental status
Increased urine output, - Answer- Altered mental status
A client is receiving radiation therapy and asks the nurse about oral hygiene. What
teaching specific to the client's situation should the nurse include?
Gargle after each meal.
Floss before going to bed.
Treat cavities immediately.
Use a soft toothbrush and allow it to air dry before storing., - Answer- Use a soft
toothbrush and allow it to air dry before storing.
The nurse is providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What
dietary modifications should the nurse advise?
Eat wholesome meals.
Avoid spicy and fatty foods.
Avoid intake of fluids.
Eat warm or hot foods., - Answer- Avoid spicy and fatty foods.
An oncology nurse is caring for a client who relates that certain tastes have changed.
The client states that "meat tastes bad." What nursing intervention can be used to
increase protein intake for a client with taste changes?
Stay away from protein beverages. Encourage maximum fluid intake.
Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumesSuck on hard candy during treatment., -
Answer- Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumes
You are a clinic nurse. One of your clients has found she is at high risk for breast
cancer. She asks you what can be done to reduce her risk. What is a means of reducing
the risk for breast cancer?
,Palliative surgery
Prophylactic surgery
Curative surgery
Reduction surgery, - Answer- Prophylactic surgery
Which oncologic emergency involves the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space?
Cardiac tamponade
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH)
Tumor lysis syndrome, - Answer- Cardiac tamponade
What should the nurse tell a client who is about to begin chemotherapy and is anxious
about hair loss?
The client should consider getting a wig or cap prior to beginning treatment.
Alopecia related to chemotherapy is relatively uncommon.
The hair will grow back within 2 months post therapy. - Answer- The client should
consider getting a wig or cap prior to beginning treatment.
The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of
the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant?
Monitor the client's toilet patterns.
Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.
Monitor the client's physical condition.Monitor the client's heart rate., - Answer- Monitor
the client closely to prevent infection.
The client is diagnosed with a benign brain tumor. Which of the following features of a
benign tumor is of most concern to the nurse?
Random, rapid growth of the tumor
Cells colonizing to distant body parts
Tumor pressure against normal tissues
Emission of abnormal proteins, - Answer- Tumor pressure against normal tissues
A client with metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent surgery to remove a malignant
tumor in the pancreas. Despite the tumor being removed, the physician informs the
client that chemotherapy must be started. Why might the physician opt for
chemotherapy?
To prevent metastasis
Angiogenesis
Stomatitis
Fatigue, - Answer- To prevent metastasis
, The nurse at the clinic explains to the patient that the surgeon will be removing a mole
on the patient's back that has the potential to develop into cancer. The nurse informs
the patient that this is what type of procedure?
Diagnostic
Palliative
Prophylactic
Reconstructive, - Answer- Prophylactic
A nurse is caring for a client after a bone marrow transplant. What is the nurse's priority
in caring for the client?
Monitor the client's toilet patterns.
Monitor the client to prevent sepsis.
Monitor the client's physical condition.
Monitor the client's heart rate., - Answer- Monitor the client to prevent sepsis.
A client undergoes a biopsy of a suspicious lesion. The biopsy report classifies the
lesion according to the TNM staging system as follows: Tis, N0, M0. What does this
classification mean?
No evidence of primary tumor, no abnormal regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of
distant metastasis
Carcinoma in situ, no abnormal regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of distant
metastasis
Can't assess tumor or regional lymph nodes and no evidence of metastasis
Carcinoma in situ, no demonstrable metastasis of the regional lymph nodes, and
ascending degrees of distant metastasis, - Answer- Carcinoma in situ, no abnormal
regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of distant metastasis
A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding
suggests that the client has developed stomatitis/mucositis?
White, cottage cheese-like patches on the tongue
Yellow tooth discoloration
Red, open sores on the oral mucosa
Rust-colored sputum, - Answer- Red, open sores on the oral mucosa
For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should
include which intervention in the care plan?
Administering aspirin if the temperature exceeds 102° F (38.8° C)
Inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift
Providing for frequent rest periods
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding
indicates a chemotherapy-induced complication?
Urine output of 400 ml in 8 hours
Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L
Blood pressure of 120/64 to 130/72 mm HgSodium level of 142 mEq/L, - Answer-
Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L
A client receiving external radiation to the left thorax to treat lung cancer has a nursing
diagnosis of Risk for impaired skin integrity. Which intervention should be part of this
client's care plan?
Avoiding using soap on the irradiated areas Applying talcum powder to the irradiated
areas daily after bathing
Wearing a lead apron during direct contact with the client
Removing thoracic skin markings after each radiation treatment, - Answer- Avoiding
using soap on the irradiated areas
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a platelet count of
30,000/mm3. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?
"I floss my teeth every morning."
"I use an electric razor to shave."
"I take a stool softener every morning."
"I removed all the throw rugs from the house.", - Answer- "I floss my teeth every
morning."
A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which assessment finding places
the client at the greatest risk for an infection?
White blood cell (WBC) count of 9,000 cells/mm3
Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel
Temperature of 98.3° F (36.8° C)
Ate 75% of all meals during the day, - Answer- Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel
A client received chemotherapy 24 hours ago. Which precautions are necessary when
caring for the client?
Wear sterile gloves.
Place incontinence pads in the regular trash container.
Wear personal protective equipment when handling blood, body fluids, and feces.
Provide a urinal or bedpan to decrease the likelihood of soiling linens., - Answer- Wear
personal protective equipment when handling blood, body fluids, and feces.
,Palliation refers to
The spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites.
Hair loss related to the treatment of cancer.
Relief of symptoms associated with disease and promotion of comfort and quality of life.
The lowest point of white blood cell depression after therapy that has toxic effects on
bone marrow., - Answer- Relief of symptoms associated with disease and promotion of
comfort and quality of life.
Which is a sign or symptom of septic shock?
Hypertension
Warm, moist skin
Altered mental status
Increased urine output, - Answer- Altered mental status
A client is receiving radiation therapy and asks the nurse about oral hygiene. What
teaching specific to the client's situation should the nurse include?
Gargle after each meal.
Floss before going to bed.
Treat cavities immediately.
Use a soft toothbrush and allow it to air dry before storing., - Answer- Use a soft
toothbrush and allow it to air dry before storing.
The nurse is providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What
dietary modifications should the nurse advise?
Eat wholesome meals.
Avoid spicy and fatty foods.
Avoid intake of fluids.
Eat warm or hot foods., - Answer- Avoid spicy and fatty foods.
An oncology nurse is caring for a client who relates that certain tastes have changed.
The client states that "meat tastes bad." What nursing intervention can be used to
increase protein intake for a client with taste changes?
Stay away from protein beverages. Encourage maximum fluid intake.
Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumesSuck on hard candy during treatment., -
Answer- Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumes
You are a clinic nurse. One of your clients has found she is at high risk for breast
cancer. She asks you what can be done to reduce her risk. What is a means of reducing
the risk for breast cancer?
,Palliative surgery
Prophylactic surgery
Curative surgery
Reduction surgery, - Answer- Prophylactic surgery
Which oncologic emergency involves the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space?
Cardiac tamponade
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH)
Tumor lysis syndrome, - Answer- Cardiac tamponade
What should the nurse tell a client who is about to begin chemotherapy and is anxious
about hair loss?
The client should consider getting a wig or cap prior to beginning treatment.
Alopecia related to chemotherapy is relatively uncommon.
The hair will grow back within 2 months post therapy. - Answer- The client should
consider getting a wig or cap prior to beginning treatment.
The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of
the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant?
Monitor the client's toilet patterns.
Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.
Monitor the client's physical condition.Monitor the client's heart rate., - Answer- Monitor
the client closely to prevent infection.
The client is diagnosed with a benign brain tumor. Which of the following features of a
benign tumor is of most concern to the nurse?
Random, rapid growth of the tumor
Cells colonizing to distant body parts
Tumor pressure against normal tissues
Emission of abnormal proteins, - Answer- Tumor pressure against normal tissues
A client with metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent surgery to remove a malignant
tumor in the pancreas. Despite the tumor being removed, the physician informs the
client that chemotherapy must be started. Why might the physician opt for
chemotherapy?
To prevent metastasis
Angiogenesis
Stomatitis
Fatigue, - Answer- To prevent metastasis
, The nurse at the clinic explains to the patient that the surgeon will be removing a mole
on the patient's back that has the potential to develop into cancer. The nurse informs
the patient that this is what type of procedure?
Diagnostic
Palliative
Prophylactic
Reconstructive, - Answer- Prophylactic
A nurse is caring for a client after a bone marrow transplant. What is the nurse's priority
in caring for the client?
Monitor the client's toilet patterns.
Monitor the client to prevent sepsis.
Monitor the client's physical condition.
Monitor the client's heart rate., - Answer- Monitor the client to prevent sepsis.
A client undergoes a biopsy of a suspicious lesion. The biopsy report classifies the
lesion according to the TNM staging system as follows: Tis, N0, M0. What does this
classification mean?
No evidence of primary tumor, no abnormal regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of
distant metastasis
Carcinoma in situ, no abnormal regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of distant
metastasis
Can't assess tumor or regional lymph nodes and no evidence of metastasis
Carcinoma in situ, no demonstrable metastasis of the regional lymph nodes, and
ascending degrees of distant metastasis, - Answer- Carcinoma in situ, no abnormal
regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of distant metastasis
A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding
suggests that the client has developed stomatitis/mucositis?
White, cottage cheese-like patches on the tongue
Yellow tooth discoloration
Red, open sores on the oral mucosa
Rust-colored sputum, - Answer- Red, open sores on the oral mucosa
For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should
include which intervention in the care plan?
Administering aspirin if the temperature exceeds 102° F (38.8° C)
Inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift
Providing for frequent rest periods
