Portage Learning A&P 2: Final EXAM
2024 latest update A+ graded
Collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system: - answer Ganglia
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion. - answer parasympathetic
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons - answer motor (efferent)
Part of neuron that conducts nerve impulse away from cell body - answer Axon
A neuron going to bicep of the forearm is part of the - answer Peripheral/ Somatic
T/F: Neurons come into direct physical contact w/ one another. - answer False: don't
physically touch.
Describe function and release of neurotransmitters - answer Neurotransmitters are
chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles (axon terminal vesicles) at the end of the
axon terminals.
When neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal vesicles, they carry the
transmission of the nerve impulse from one neuron to another.
An efferent neuron carries information: - answer From the central to the peripheral
nervous system
An afferent neuron carries information: - answer From the peripheral to the central
nervous system.
An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the: - answer central nervous system
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters: - answer The neuron cell
body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory vesicles at the end
of axon terminals.
,A postsynaptic neuron would be found - answer after the synapse
what is the location and function of satellite cells - answer location: peripheral nervous
system
function: regulate the environment of neuron cell bodies.
what is the location and function of astrocytes - answer location: central nervous
system, the brain
function: forms the blood, brain barrier
A patients left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during
surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? Why? Why
not? - answer Yes. Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of an axon through
axonal regeneration because of the growth of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is: - answer Polarized (around -70mV)
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump? - answer The
overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane.
Which of the following is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump? - answer It
must remain in constant operation to maintain resting state.
T/F : A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that the
strength of the action potential is greater than usual. - answer False. There is no
variation in the strength of the action potentials. (all or nothing) There is a variation in
the number and frequency of neurons firing.
Which of the following statement is false concerning the neuromuscular junction? -
answer ACh is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential
in the muscle fiber.
Which of the following is true concerning the neuromuscular junction? - answer The
NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber.
How is a message sent from one neuron to another? - answer There is a minute fluid-
filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending neuron and the
dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon,
neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a receptor on the next
neuron, opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which causes depolarization and
the impulse is carried.
Synapse!
What neurotransmitter is found in the neuromuscular junction? - answer ACh,
Acetylcholine
, What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle tone? - answer
Dopamine
In a reflex, the ___________ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway towards
the central nervous system. - answer Sensory (afferent)
T/F: Action potentials travel in one direction within the same neuron. - answer True
T/F: Reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the brain. - answer False
In a reflex, the __________ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway to create
a response. - answer Motor (efferent)
This is part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more synapses. - answer
the integration center
Where is the integration center of a reflex located? - answer CNS (central nervous
system)
Which of the following is true about reflexes? - answer Regulation of blood sugar by
hormones is one example of a reflex.
What is false about the flexor withdrawal reflex? - answer It does not involve
interneurons. The effect of the reflex is to create a co-contraction of two muscles
What is true about stretch reflexes? - answer The muscle spindle detects the stretch
within the muscle.
What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex? - answer It involves excitatory
interneurons.
It involves inhibitory interneurons.
You touch a hot pan when cooking. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pathway
of the reflex that occurs. Include any sensory organs involved and the action of the
reflex. - answer Flexor withdrawal reflex:
- Pain receptor in skin.
- Sensory (afferent) neuron through DRG
- Interneurons in spinal cord
- (1) Excitatory to biceps
- (2) Inhibitory to triceps
- Motor neurons: contract biceps, inhibit triceps
- Action: Elbow flexion pulls hand away
Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous
pathway of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs involved and the action
of the reflex. - answer - Stretch on patellar tendon.
- Muscle spindle detects stretch.
2024 latest update A+ graded
Collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system: - answer Ganglia
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion. - answer parasympathetic
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons - answer motor (efferent)
Part of neuron that conducts nerve impulse away from cell body - answer Axon
A neuron going to bicep of the forearm is part of the - answer Peripheral/ Somatic
T/F: Neurons come into direct physical contact w/ one another. - answer False: don't
physically touch.
Describe function and release of neurotransmitters - answer Neurotransmitters are
chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles (axon terminal vesicles) at the end of the
axon terminals.
When neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal vesicles, they carry the
transmission of the nerve impulse from one neuron to another.
An efferent neuron carries information: - answer From the central to the peripheral
nervous system
An afferent neuron carries information: - answer From the peripheral to the central
nervous system.
An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the: - answer central nervous system
Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters: - answer The neuron cell
body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory vesicles at the end
of axon terminals.
,A postsynaptic neuron would be found - answer after the synapse
what is the location and function of satellite cells - answer location: peripheral nervous
system
function: regulate the environment of neuron cell bodies.
what is the location and function of astrocytes - answer location: central nervous
system, the brain
function: forms the blood, brain barrier
A patients left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during
surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? Why? Why
not? - answer Yes. Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of an axon through
axonal regeneration because of the growth of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is: - answer Polarized (around -70mV)
Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump? - answer The
overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane.
Which of the following is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump? - answer It
must remain in constant operation to maintain resting state.
T/F : A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that the
strength of the action potential is greater than usual. - answer False. There is no
variation in the strength of the action potentials. (all or nothing) There is a variation in
the number and frequency of neurons firing.
Which of the following statement is false concerning the neuromuscular junction? -
answer ACh is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential
in the muscle fiber.
Which of the following is true concerning the neuromuscular junction? - answer The
NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber.
How is a message sent from one neuron to another? - answer There is a minute fluid-
filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending neuron and the
dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon,
neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a receptor on the next
neuron, opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which causes depolarization and
the impulse is carried.
Synapse!
What neurotransmitter is found in the neuromuscular junction? - answer ACh,
Acetylcholine
, What neurotransmitter helps regulate emotional responses and muscle tone? - answer
Dopamine
In a reflex, the ___________ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway towards
the central nervous system. - answer Sensory (afferent)
T/F: Action potentials travel in one direction within the same neuron. - answer True
T/F: Reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the brain. - answer False
In a reflex, the __________ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway to create
a response. - answer Motor (efferent)
This is part of a reflex is inside the CNS, made up of one or more synapses. - answer
the integration center
Where is the integration center of a reflex located? - answer CNS (central nervous
system)
Which of the following is true about reflexes? - answer Regulation of blood sugar by
hormones is one example of a reflex.
What is false about the flexor withdrawal reflex? - answer It does not involve
interneurons. The effect of the reflex is to create a co-contraction of two muscles
What is true about stretch reflexes? - answer The muscle spindle detects the stretch
within the muscle.
What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex? - answer It involves excitatory
interneurons.
It involves inhibitory interneurons.
You touch a hot pan when cooking. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pathway
of the reflex that occurs. Include any sensory organs involved and the action of the
reflex. - answer Flexor withdrawal reflex:
- Pain receptor in skin.
- Sensory (afferent) neuron through DRG
- Interneurons in spinal cord
- (1) Excitatory to biceps
- (2) Inhibitory to triceps
- Motor neurons: contract biceps, inhibit triceps
- Action: Elbow flexion pulls hand away
Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous
pathway of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs involved and the action
of the reflex. - answer - Stretch on patellar tendon.
- Muscle spindle detects stretch.
