COT Clinical Optics Exam Review Manual 2024 Actual Questions and Answers with complete solution

COT Clinical Optics Exam Review Manual 2024 Actual Questions and Answers with complete solution The range of wavelengths in the visible spectrum is: a) 100 to 400 nanometers b) 400 to 800 nanometers c) 450 to 650 nanometers d) 400 to 800 meters (m) 400 to 800 nanometers Immediately on either side of the visible spectrum are the invisible light segments of: a) Infrared and ultraviolet b) X-rays and radio waves c) Gamma rays and laser d) Microwaves and radar Infrared and ultraviolet Which color has the longest wavelength? a) Red has the longest wavelength: 650 nanometers. Geometric optics includes: The effects of media on the path of light When light bounces back from an object, this is known as: Reflection In reflection, the light rays that hit the object or interface between media with different indices of refraction are called: Incident rays In optics, a medium (or media, plural) is: An object through which light passes When light passes through a transparent medium, it may travel straight through (Transmission or its path may be altered. This altering or bending property of a medium is known as: Refraction The ray of light that enters a transparent medium is termed: Incident ray If light passes through a lens and the rays are spread apart on exiting, this is known as: Divergence If light passes through a lens and the rays are bent toward each other on exiting, this is known as: Convergence A comparison of the speed of light in air to the speed of light through a substance is: IR (Snell's Law) The denser the substance, the more slowly light passes through it, and: The higher the IR The IR of crown glass is: 1.50 Light travelling through a prism will be bent toward the prism's: base The image of an object viewed through a prism: Is virtual and shifted toward the apex A 1.00 diopter prism bends light: 1 cm at a distance of 1 m from the prism A 2.00 diopter prism displaces an object 1 cm at a distance of: 0.5 m This displacement of an object 4 cm at a distance of 1 m would require prism of: 5.0 diopters At a distance of 2 m a 12 diopter prism would displace an object: 24 cm A spherical lens refracts light: Equally in every direction A 1.00 diopter spherical lens focuses light at: 1 m The pointer at which a lens forms an image (whether real or virtual is the: Focal point All of the following regarding the optical center of a lens is true except: It always coincides with the geometric center of the lens The focal length of a lens: Is the distance between the lens and the focal point Because the focal point of a minus lens is virtual, the focal length of a minus lens: Is likewise virtual Which of the following is the formula for finding focal length? P = 1/F What is the focal length of 5 diopter lens? 0.2 m A lens has a focal length of 33 cm. What is its dioptric power? 3 diopters question 30 we good All of the following regarding cylindrical lenses are true except: They are plus power lenses The direction of the line of light as focused by a plus power cylindrical lens: Is aligned with the axis Light passing through a cylindrical lens is focused in two lines perpendicular to each other and separated by an area known as: Sturm's interval Light passing through a cylindrical lens is focused in two lines perpendicular to each other and separated by an area The light rays in the above-mentioned interval are projected in the shape of a: Cone Within the Conoid of Sturm, the area where the image would be most clearly focused is: The circle of least confusion An optical cross is a means of: Indicating the dioptric power of a lens The primary goal of the eye's components is to: a) Interpret what is seen b) Focus incoming light onto the lens c) Focus incoming light onto the retina d) Maintain proper intraocular pressure Focus incoming light onto the retina All of the following are true regarding the accommodative reflex except: It is required for viewing distant objects when the ciliary muscle relaxes: The lens is pulled thinner The retinoscope provides information on the patient's refractive status by: Reflecting light off the patient's retina The ocular media consist of: a) The lens correction for ametropia b) Contact lenses and intraocular lenses c) The eyelid, sclera, uvea, and optic nerve d) The tear film, cornea, humors, and lens d) The ocular media are the transparent structures of the eye through which light passes. Some references might not include the tear film. The term "the humors' refers to the aqueous humor and vitreous humor. If a streak retinoscope is habitually placed flat on the table: The filament may bend, causing a distorted streak A working lens is required in retinoscopy in order to: Simulate working at infinity With accommodation fully relaxed, what is the patient's point of clearest vision? a) The far point The "power" of a myopic eye itself is : Plus Standard retinoscopy working distance is: 66cm If you use a retinoscopy working distance that is closer than the standard, your working lens will need to be: More plus power than standard. When the ciliary muscle relaxes: the lens is pulled thinner The main reason one's accommodative ability decreases with age is: Hardening of the crystalline lens The streak retinoscope permits: Neutralization of individual ocular meridians Raising or lowering the focusing sleeve of a streak retinoscope: Changes the vergence of the light leaving the instrument The plane mirror effect is used in streak retinoscopy because: This projects parallel light rays into the eye. The streak retinoscope permits; Neutralization of individual ocular meridians All of the following are components of the streak retinoscope except: Rotating lens system A working lens is required in retinoscopy in order to: a) Simulate working at infinity b) Simulate working at 10 m c) Simulate working at 66 cm d) Simulate working at 14 inches (in) Simulate working at infinity Raising or lowering the focusing sleeve of a streak retinoscope: Changes the vergence of the light leaving the instrument Standard retinoscopy working distance is: a) 50 cm b) 66 cm c) 75 cm d) 88 cm b) Standard retinoscopy working distance is 66 cm (about 26 in) from the patient. Which of the following can be determined with the most accuracy using a streak retinoscope? Cylinder axis The magnitude of a refractive error can often be evaluated by noting all of these streak qualities except: Height In streak retinoscopy, the intercept is: The part of the streak that falls on the patient's iris If you sweep the retinoscope streak across the patient's pupil and the reflex travels in the same direction as the intercept, this is known as: "With" motion Most retinoscopists prefer to neutralize "with motion because: "Against" motion can be difficult to evaluate One can convert any situation to "with" motion by adding: Enough minus sphere One matches the retinoscope streak to the axis of the refractive error by: Rotating the sleeve until there is an unbroken line As the measurement approaches neutrality, the reflex will become: Brighter, wider, and faster At the point of neutrality, the reflex will: Seem to blink on and off All of the following regarding use of the streak retinoscope are true except: When using your right eye, hold the retinoscope in your left hand To help stabilize the retinoscope and maintain alignment: Rest it against your brow or spectacle frame If your patient is not dilated for retinoscopy, instruct him to look at: