Class 9 – Nego1a1on and media1on
Conflict resolu,on methods
- Preven,ve diplomacy
o Diploma,c ac,ons that try to prevent a situa,on escala,ng into conflict so
preven,ng conflicts from turning into violent
§ Diploma,c invoice: sent to crisis areas to encourage dialog to help
par,es to compromise and find peaceful resolu,ons
• Linked to officials to prevent conflicts
§ Concept of preventa,ve diplomacy was ar,culated more than 60 years
ago by the UN secretariate
- Arbitra,on and adjudica,on
o Adjudicator determines outcome of the dispute: each side presents its story
and he/she makes the decision that is binding and enforceable to the par,es
in the conflict
o Par,es voluntarily agree to give powers to adjudicator over their dispute
o Interna,onal Court of Jus,ce
- (nonofficial) Diplomacy
o Track 1 diplomacy
§ Official diplomacy that involves high level poli,cal/military leaders and
representa,ves of states nego,a,ng cease-fire agreements
o Track 2 diplomacy
§ Unofficial diplomacy, unofficial dialog or problem-solving ac,vi,es
aimed at building rela,onships and introducing new ways of thinking
about the peace resolu,ons of conflict
§ However, statements are not official
§ E.g., involvement of influen,al academics, religious leaders and other
civil society actors reflec,ng on underlying causes of the conflict and
find different ways to resolve it
o Track 1.5 diplomacy
§ Combina,on between track 1 and 2
§ Track 2 people interac,ng with track 1 people, representa,ves of states
working together with civil society actors
o Track 3 diplomacy
§ People to people diplomacy
§ Interac,ons between individuals and private-groups
§ E.g., conferences, music fes,vals, symposiums
o Mul,-track diplomacy
§ Interac,ons on mul,ple tracks, mul,ple tracks involved in diplomacy
- Interna,onal nego,a,on (this class)
- Media,on (this class)
- Peacekeeping (next class)
- Humanitarian interven,on (next class)
Nego,a,on and media,on
- What?
o Non-coercive conflict resolu,on methods
o Advantages over unilateral methods or binding third-party methods
41
Conflict resolu,on methods
- Preven,ve diplomacy
o Diploma,c ac,ons that try to prevent a situa,on escala,ng into conflict so
preven,ng conflicts from turning into violent
§ Diploma,c invoice: sent to crisis areas to encourage dialog to help
par,es to compromise and find peaceful resolu,ons
• Linked to officials to prevent conflicts
§ Concept of preventa,ve diplomacy was ar,culated more than 60 years
ago by the UN secretariate
- Arbitra,on and adjudica,on
o Adjudicator determines outcome of the dispute: each side presents its story
and he/she makes the decision that is binding and enforceable to the par,es
in the conflict
o Par,es voluntarily agree to give powers to adjudicator over their dispute
o Interna,onal Court of Jus,ce
- (nonofficial) Diplomacy
o Track 1 diplomacy
§ Official diplomacy that involves high level poli,cal/military leaders and
representa,ves of states nego,a,ng cease-fire agreements
o Track 2 diplomacy
§ Unofficial diplomacy, unofficial dialog or problem-solving ac,vi,es
aimed at building rela,onships and introducing new ways of thinking
about the peace resolu,ons of conflict
§ However, statements are not official
§ E.g., involvement of influen,al academics, religious leaders and other
civil society actors reflec,ng on underlying causes of the conflict and
find different ways to resolve it
o Track 1.5 diplomacy
§ Combina,on between track 1 and 2
§ Track 2 people interac,ng with track 1 people, representa,ves of states
working together with civil society actors
o Track 3 diplomacy
§ People to people diplomacy
§ Interac,ons between individuals and private-groups
§ E.g., conferences, music fes,vals, symposiums
o Mul,-track diplomacy
§ Interac,ons on mul,ple tracks, mul,ple tracks involved in diplomacy
- Interna,onal nego,a,on (this class)
- Media,on (this class)
- Peacekeeping (next class)
- Humanitarian interven,on (next class)
Nego,a,on and media,on
- What?
o Non-coercive conflict resolu,on methods
o Advantages over unilateral methods or binding third-party methods
41
