FNDH 400 Final Exam questions and answers latest top score.

FNDH 400 Final Exam questions and answers latest top score. what's the importance of thionein to zinc? - correct 's the storage protein -is a better simulator of thionein levels what's the importance of metallothionein to zinc? - correct 's what thionein is known as once thionein has bound a mineral (or a metal) what's the importance of thionein and metallothionein to copper? - correct r binds to this to form metallothionein -a more avid binder to this protein metalloenzymes - correct es that use zinc as a cofactor cupric (Cu2+) - correct zed form of copper cuprous (Cu1+) - correct ed form of copper why is copper important to iron absorption/transport? - correct 's dependent on two copper-containing proteins, ceruloplasmin and hephaestin to oxidize Fe2+ to Fe3+ -Fe3+ is the form that binds to transferrin what form of copper is used in supplements that is essentially not absorbed at all? - correct c oxide why can copper deficiency result in hypochromic anemia? - correct can result in a secondary iron deficiency, since Fe2+ cannot be oxidized to Fe3+ to bind to transferrin what are Kayser-Fleischer rings? - correct n to greenish-brown rings around the edges of the cornea -result of copper toxicity what do Kayser-Fleischer rings result from? - correct n's disease -a genetic disorder where a mutation in ATP7B prevents copper excretion, resulting in copper toxicity how can high zinc consumption lead to deficiencies in copper and iron? - correct answers.-no ceruloplasmin is produced and released into circulation -decreasing ceruloplasmin in circulation and hephaestin on the membrane of the enterocyte which normally convert Fe2+ to Fe3+ so that iron can bind to transferrin -without them Fe3+ is not formed from Fe2+ -Fe2+ is "trapped" in the enterocyte because it can't bind to transferrin -enterocytes containing the "trapped" iron move up the crypt and are also sloughed off and excreted in feces -iron consumed essentially is lost from the body through this process what are electrolytes? - correct unds that separate into ions (molecules with a charge) in water what are cations? - correct that have a positive charge -a class of electrolytes what are anions? - correct that have a negative charge -a class of electrolytes how can increased plasma sodium concentrations lead to increased blood pressure in salt-sensitive individuals? - correct answers.-salt-sensitive means blood pressure increases with increased salt intake and decreases with decreased salt intake -increased plasma sodium concentrations increases plasma volume and blood pressure prevalence of salt-sensitivity - correct answers.-25% of normotensive (normal blood pressure) individuals -50% of hypertensive individuals are salt-sensitive salt's relation to hypertension - correct answers.(high blood pressure), which increases their risk of developing cardiovascular disease -salt and/or sodium intake is believed to be a major causative factor