MDC 1 FINAL EXAM (Spring 2023)
- Temp/warmth
- Low/High CBC
- Increased HR
- Low BP
- Increased respiratory rate
- Redness
Infection S/S
- Rotate patient every 2 hours
- Reposition
- Padding
- PROM
- Barrier cream
- Keep dry
- Move using a lifting device
Nursing interventions to decrease risk of pressure injuries
CD4 will be lower not less than 200
CD8 will be normal
HIV labs
CD4 will be less than 200
CD8 will be increased.
AIDS labs
- Prevents the virus from multiplying, which reduces the amount of HIV in the
body. This gives the immune system a chance to produce more CD4 cells.
Antiretroviral drugs
No pain associated. Cloudy/blurry vision
Cataracts
- Pain associated. Increased intraocular pressure. Nerve fibers will become
damaged and is permanent.
Glaucoma
- PQRST
- Therapeutic communication
- Nonverbal signs: grimacing, holding pain site, restless
- Vital signs: Everything is elevated/increased
Pain assessment
Diet for wound healing
Proteins
- A chronic, progressive, systemic, inflammatory autoimmune disease process
that primarily affects the synovial joints; one of the most common connective
tissue diseases and the most destructive to the joints
RA
- Bilateral pain.
- Lab: elevated sed rate
- Diagnostic test: Go in with a needle and aspirate synovial fluid to look at WBC to
see if it's cloudy.
, RA
- If they have a positive ----- -----it does not mean they have RA. Can indicate
autoimmune disorders.
RF
measures the presence of unusual antibodies of the immunoglobulins G (IgG)
and M (IgM) types that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases
RF
- Pale/blue discoloration of the nailbeds. Hands are cold.
Raynaud's Phenomenon
Painful vasospasms of arteries and arterioles in extremities, especially digits;
causes red-white-blue skin color changes on exposure to cold or stress; cause
unknown, occurs more in women, and may be autoimmune because it is
associated with many rheumatic diseases
Raynaud's phenomenon
- Contractures, stiffness, osteoporosis, Sjogren syndrome, carpal tunnel, pain,
fibromyalgia, swan neck of fingers, infections
Complications of RA
black, thick, can't get off
Eschar
- yellow and stringy. Can get off
Slough
Stage ? : - red and doesn't blanch
Stage 1
Stage ? : Shallow and open. Can appear as a blister
Stage 2
Stage ? : Deep and goes to the subcutaneous tissue and does not show bone,
muscle, or tendon
Stage 3
Stage ? : Does show bone, muscle, or tendon
Stage 4
Stage ? : Can't see underneath necrotic tissue
Unstageable
Fractures:
- Open fracture
- Fixation device
High risk for infection
Cast: Hot spots may indicate
Compartment syndrome
condition in which increased tissue pressure in a confined anatomic space
causes decreased blood flow to the area, leading to hypoxia and pain.
Compartment syndrome
Too much edema.
Fasciotomy can treat ________
Compartment syndrome
- 104 or above. Ice packs underneath the armpit or groin area, take off extra
clothing
- Temp/warmth
- Low/High CBC
- Increased HR
- Low BP
- Increased respiratory rate
- Redness
Infection S/S
- Rotate patient every 2 hours
- Reposition
- Padding
- PROM
- Barrier cream
- Keep dry
- Move using a lifting device
Nursing interventions to decrease risk of pressure injuries
CD4 will be lower not less than 200
CD8 will be normal
HIV labs
CD4 will be less than 200
CD8 will be increased.
AIDS labs
- Prevents the virus from multiplying, which reduces the amount of HIV in the
body. This gives the immune system a chance to produce more CD4 cells.
Antiretroviral drugs
No pain associated. Cloudy/blurry vision
Cataracts
- Pain associated. Increased intraocular pressure. Nerve fibers will become
damaged and is permanent.
Glaucoma
- PQRST
- Therapeutic communication
- Nonverbal signs: grimacing, holding pain site, restless
- Vital signs: Everything is elevated/increased
Pain assessment
Diet for wound healing
Proteins
- A chronic, progressive, systemic, inflammatory autoimmune disease process
that primarily affects the synovial joints; one of the most common connective
tissue diseases and the most destructive to the joints
RA
- Bilateral pain.
- Lab: elevated sed rate
- Diagnostic test: Go in with a needle and aspirate synovial fluid to look at WBC to
see if it's cloudy.
, RA
- If they have a positive ----- -----it does not mean they have RA. Can indicate
autoimmune disorders.
RF
measures the presence of unusual antibodies of the immunoglobulins G (IgG)
and M (IgM) types that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases
RF
- Pale/blue discoloration of the nailbeds. Hands are cold.
Raynaud's Phenomenon
Painful vasospasms of arteries and arterioles in extremities, especially digits;
causes red-white-blue skin color changes on exposure to cold or stress; cause
unknown, occurs more in women, and may be autoimmune because it is
associated with many rheumatic diseases
Raynaud's phenomenon
- Contractures, stiffness, osteoporosis, Sjogren syndrome, carpal tunnel, pain,
fibromyalgia, swan neck of fingers, infections
Complications of RA
black, thick, can't get off
Eschar
- yellow and stringy. Can get off
Slough
Stage ? : - red and doesn't blanch
Stage 1
Stage ? : Shallow and open. Can appear as a blister
Stage 2
Stage ? : Deep and goes to the subcutaneous tissue and does not show bone,
muscle, or tendon
Stage 3
Stage ? : Does show bone, muscle, or tendon
Stage 4
Stage ? : Can't see underneath necrotic tissue
Unstageable
Fractures:
- Open fracture
- Fixation device
High risk for infection
Cast: Hot spots may indicate
Compartment syndrome
condition in which increased tissue pressure in a confined anatomic space
causes decreased blood flow to the area, leading to hypoxia and pain.
Compartment syndrome
Too much edema.
Fasciotomy can treat ________
Compartment syndrome
- 104 or above. Ice packs underneath the armpit or groin area, take off extra
clothing
