While examining a 3-year-old child for a well-child visit, labial adhesions are
noted. The PNP discusses with the mother:
A) Concern of sexual abuse
B) Proper hygiene
C) Causes of UTI
D) Surgical treatment of the adhesions - ANSWER--b
A 10-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a rash. The rash is circumscribed,
dry, pruritic, slightly flaky, and located on the cheeks and flexor surface of the
arms. What treatment should the PNP prescribe?
A) Bathe the infant frequently, and apply Vaseline to the rash
B) Bathe the infant once a week with Dial soap and apply Gold Bond cream to the
lesions
C) Bathe the infant daily with mild soap, such as Dove, and apply Eucerin
cream daily
D) Bathe the infant daily or every other day with Dove soap and apply a high
potency corticosteroid cream, paying particular attention to the cheeks -
ANSWER--c
In providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 5-year-old child with
diabetes, the PNP should teach them to recognize the symptoms of sweating,
hunger, drowsiness, and confusion. These are all symptoms of:
A) Diabetic ketoacidosis
B) The dawn phenomenon
,C) Hypoglycemia
D) The Somogyi phenomenon - ANSWER--c
An 18-month-old child is brought to the office for irritability, nightmares, and
generally being tired for the past few nights. The child has had an upper respiratory
tract infection for which the grandmother has administered an over-the-counter
medication for rhinorrhea. The child is afebrile and alert, with obvious clear
rhinorrhea. The PNP:
A) Orders sinus radiologic studies
B) Prescribes amoxicillin
C) Discusses side effects of decongestants and antihistamines
D) Suggests that the grandmother administer acetaminophen - ANSWER--c
A 16-year-old presents with pallor and fatigue for the past several weeks. The
complete blood count (CBC) results are consistent with iron deficiency anemia.
What should the PNP tell this teen?
A) Antacids increase the absorption of iron
B) Dairy foods are good sources of dietary iron
C) Juices fortified with vitamin C inhibit the absorption of nonheme iron
D) Tannin-containing products, such as tea, inhibit the absorption of nonheme
iron - ANSWER--d
A PNP has been asked by the emergency room physician to evaluate a child for
costochondritis. The PNP would expect to find:
A) Tenderness of the midsternal area
,B) Atelectasis on chest x-ray film
C) Dullness on percussion
D) Muffled heart sounds - ANSWER--a
The murmur heard when a child has rheumatic heart disease is the result of:
A) Myocarditis
B) Pericarditis
C) Valvulitis
D) Coronary artery involvement - ANSWER--c
A 16-year-old adolescent has evidence of weight loss. The PNP notes on the chart
documentation of frequent loose stools for 2 weeks. The differential diagnosis
includes hyperthyroidism. What additional clinical finding would suggest this
diagnosis?
A) Dry mouth
B) Hypotension
C) Coarse hair
D) Heat intolerance - ANSWER--d
The PNP evaluates an infant born to a mother known to have autoimmune thyroid
disease. Congenital hypothyroidism in infants is associated with which of the
following?
A) Excessive sleepiness
B) Failure to thrive
, C) Tachycardia
D) Diarrhea - ANSWER--a
Which of the following findings suggests a need for further evaluation for
glomerular disease?
A) Blood pressure of 135/85
B) +1 protein and red blood cell (RBC) casts in the urine
C) Bright red urine
D) A urine culture of 100,000 bacteria/mL - ANSWER--b
An 8-year-old child is brought to the urgent care clinic. No chart is available for
the history. The child's symptoms include tea-colored urine and periorbital edema,
and the blood pressure is 142/90. There is no dysuria or frequency.
Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) is suspected. Which of the
following statements is correct?
A) PSAGN typically begins 28 days after a streptococcal infection
B) Appropriate antibiotic treatment prevents nephritogenic group A beta-hemolytic
streptococcal (GABHS) infection
C) The urine test reveals no RBC casts or proteinuria
D) Treatment in the acute phase may require salt restriction, diuretics, and
antipyretics; the expected outcome is good - ANSWER--d
An 8-year-old child with spina bifida is examined in the clinic. The mother states
that the child was doing well until attending a party at school today. Physical
examination reveals a cooperative child with mild, clear rhinorrhea; red, watering
eyes; generalized hives; edema of the face and eyes; and no acute respiratory
noted. The PNP discusses with the mother:
A) Concern of sexual abuse
B) Proper hygiene
C) Causes of UTI
D) Surgical treatment of the adhesions - ANSWER--b
A 10-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a rash. The rash is circumscribed,
dry, pruritic, slightly flaky, and located on the cheeks and flexor surface of the
arms. What treatment should the PNP prescribe?
A) Bathe the infant frequently, and apply Vaseline to the rash
B) Bathe the infant once a week with Dial soap and apply Gold Bond cream to the
lesions
C) Bathe the infant daily with mild soap, such as Dove, and apply Eucerin
cream daily
D) Bathe the infant daily or every other day with Dove soap and apply a high
potency corticosteroid cream, paying particular attention to the cheeks -
ANSWER--c
In providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 5-year-old child with
diabetes, the PNP should teach them to recognize the symptoms of sweating,
hunger, drowsiness, and confusion. These are all symptoms of:
A) Diabetic ketoacidosis
B) The dawn phenomenon
,C) Hypoglycemia
D) The Somogyi phenomenon - ANSWER--c
An 18-month-old child is brought to the office for irritability, nightmares, and
generally being tired for the past few nights. The child has had an upper respiratory
tract infection for which the grandmother has administered an over-the-counter
medication for rhinorrhea. The child is afebrile and alert, with obvious clear
rhinorrhea. The PNP:
A) Orders sinus radiologic studies
B) Prescribes amoxicillin
C) Discusses side effects of decongestants and antihistamines
D) Suggests that the grandmother administer acetaminophen - ANSWER--c
A 16-year-old presents with pallor and fatigue for the past several weeks. The
complete blood count (CBC) results are consistent with iron deficiency anemia.
What should the PNP tell this teen?
A) Antacids increase the absorption of iron
B) Dairy foods are good sources of dietary iron
C) Juices fortified with vitamin C inhibit the absorption of nonheme iron
D) Tannin-containing products, such as tea, inhibit the absorption of nonheme
iron - ANSWER--d
A PNP has been asked by the emergency room physician to evaluate a child for
costochondritis. The PNP would expect to find:
A) Tenderness of the midsternal area
,B) Atelectasis on chest x-ray film
C) Dullness on percussion
D) Muffled heart sounds - ANSWER--a
The murmur heard when a child has rheumatic heart disease is the result of:
A) Myocarditis
B) Pericarditis
C) Valvulitis
D) Coronary artery involvement - ANSWER--c
A 16-year-old adolescent has evidence of weight loss. The PNP notes on the chart
documentation of frequent loose stools for 2 weeks. The differential diagnosis
includes hyperthyroidism. What additional clinical finding would suggest this
diagnosis?
A) Dry mouth
B) Hypotension
C) Coarse hair
D) Heat intolerance - ANSWER--d
The PNP evaluates an infant born to a mother known to have autoimmune thyroid
disease. Congenital hypothyroidism in infants is associated with which of the
following?
A) Excessive sleepiness
B) Failure to thrive
, C) Tachycardia
D) Diarrhea - ANSWER--a
Which of the following findings suggests a need for further evaluation for
glomerular disease?
A) Blood pressure of 135/85
B) +1 protein and red blood cell (RBC) casts in the urine
C) Bright red urine
D) A urine culture of 100,000 bacteria/mL - ANSWER--b
An 8-year-old child is brought to the urgent care clinic. No chart is available for
the history. The child's symptoms include tea-colored urine and periorbital edema,
and the blood pressure is 142/90. There is no dysuria or frequency.
Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) is suspected. Which of the
following statements is correct?
A) PSAGN typically begins 28 days after a streptococcal infection
B) Appropriate antibiotic treatment prevents nephritogenic group A beta-hemolytic
streptococcal (GABHS) infection
C) The urine test reveals no RBC casts or proteinuria
D) Treatment in the acute phase may require salt restriction, diuretics, and
antipyretics; the expected outcome is good - ANSWER--d
An 8-year-old child with spina bifida is examined in the clinic. The mother states
that the child was doing well until attending a party at school today. Physical
examination reveals a cooperative child with mild, clear rhinorrhea; red, watering
eyes; generalized hives; edema of the face and eyes; and no acute respiratory
