ATLS Practice Test 3 Questions & Answers | 2022 latest update

ATLS Practice Test 3 Questions & Answers | 2022 latest update 1. Signs and symptoms of airway compromise include all of the following except: a. change in voice. b. stridor. c. d. dyspnea and agitation. e. tachypnea. 2. A 29­year­old female arrives in the emergency department after being involved in a motor vehicle crash. She is 30 weeks pregnant. She was restrained with a lap and shoulder belt, and an airbag deployed. Which one of the following statements best describes the risk of injury? a. The deployment of the airbag increases the risk of fetal loss. b. The use of seatbelts is associated with increased risk of maternal death, c. The mechanism of injury suggests the need for emergency caesarean section due to the risk of impending abruptio placentae. d. The risk of premature fetal delivery and death is reduced by the use of restraints. e. The deployment of the airbag increases the risk of maternal abdominal injury. 3. Cardiac tamponade: a. is definitively managed by needle pericardiocentesis b. is most common with blunt thoracic trauma and anterior rib fractures c. is easily diagnosed by discovery of Beck's triad in the emergency department d. is indicated by Kussmaul breathing e. requires surgical intervention 4. A 14­year­old female is brought to the emergency department after falling from a horse. She is immobilized on a long spine board with a hard collar and blocks. Cervical spine x­rays: a. will show cervical spine injury in more than 20% of these patients. b. will exclude cervical spine injury if no abnormalities are found on the x­rays. c. are not needed if she is awake, alert, neurologically normal, and has no neck pain or midline tenderness. d. should be performed before addressing potential breathing or circulatory problems. e. may show atlanto­occipital dislocation if the Power's ratio is 1. 5. The most specific test to evaluate for injuries of solid abdominal organs is: a. abdominal x­rays b. abdominal ultrasonography c. diagnostic peritoneal lavage d. frequent abdominal examinations e. CT of abdomen and pelvis 6. A 40­year­old obese patient with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8 requires a CT Scan. Before transfer to the scanner, you should: a. give more sedative drugs. b. insert a multi­lumen esophageal airway. c. insert a definitive airway. d. request a lateral cervical spine film. e. insert a nasogastric tube. 7. A 23­year­old construction worker is brought to the emergency department after falling more than 9 meters (30 feet) from scaffolding. His vital signs are: heart rate 140, blood pressure 96/60 mm Hg, and respiratory rate 36. He is complaining bitterly of lower abdominal and lower limb pain, and has obvious deformity of both lower legs with bilateral open tibial fractures. Which one of the following statements concerning this patient is true? a. Pelvic injury can be ruled out based on the mechanism of injury. b. Blood loss from the lower limbs is the most likely cause of his hypotension. c. X­rays of the chest and pelvis are important adjuncts in his initial assessment. d. Spinal cord injury is the most likely cause of his hypotension. e. Aortic injury is the most likely cause of his tachycardia. 8. A 25­year­old female in the third trimester of pregnancy is brought to the emergency department following a high­speed motor vehicle crash. She is conscious and immobilized on a long spine board. Her respiratory rate is 24, heart rate is 120, and blood pressure is 70/50. The laboratory results show a PaCO2 of 40 mm Hg. Which one of the following statements concerning this patient is true? a. Fetal assessment should take priority. b. Log­rolling the patient to the right will decompress the vena cava. c. Rh­immunoglobulin therapy should be immediately administered. d. The patient likely has impending respiratory failure. e. Vasopressors should be given to the patient. 9. The most important consequence of inadequate organ perfusion is: a. multiple organ failure b. decreased base deficit c. acute glomerulonephritis d. increased cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production e. vasodilation 10. Hypertension following a head injury: a. should be treated to reduce intracranial pressure b. may indicate imminent herniation from critically high intracranial pressure c. indicates pre­existing hypertension d. mandates prompt administration of mannitol e. should prompt burr hole drainage of potential subdural hematomas 11. Initial treatment of frostbite injuries involves: a. application of dry heat. b. rapid rewarming of the body part in circulating warm water. c. debridement of hemorrhagic blisters. d. early amputation to prevent septic complications. e. massage of the affected area. 12. Which one of the following statements is true regarding a pregnant patient who presents following blunt trauma? a. Early gastric decompression is important. b. A hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL (hematocrit 30) indicates recent blood loss. c. The central venous pressure response to volume resuscitation is blunted in pregnant patients. d. A lap belt is the best form of restraint due to the size of the gravid uterus. e. A PaCO2 of 40 mmHg (5.3 kPa) provides reassurance about the adequacy of respiratory function 13. Which of the following signs is least reliable for diagnosing esophageal intubation? a. symmetrical chest wall movement b. end­tidal CO2 c. bilateral breath sounds d. oxygen saturation e. chest x­ray demonstrating the ETT tip positioned above the carina 14. A 6­month­old infant, being held in her mother's arms, is ejected on impact from a vehicle that is struck head­on by an oncoming car traveling at 64 kph (40 mph). The infant arrives in the emergency department with multiple facial injuries, is lethargic, and is in severe respiratory distress. Respiratory support is not effective using a bag­mask device, and her oxygen saturation is falling. Repeated attempts at orotracheal intubation are unsuccessful. The most appropriate procedure to perform next is: a. administer heliox and racemic epinephrine b. perform nasotracheal intubation c. perform surgical cricothyroidotomy d. repeat orotracheal intubation e. perform needle cricothyroidotomy with jet insufflation 15. A 28­year­old male is brought to the emergency department. He was involved in a fight in which he was beaten with a wooden stick. His chest shows multiple severe bruises. His airway is clear, respiratory rate is 22, heart rate is 126, and systolic blood pressure is 90 mm Hg. Which of the following should be performed during the primary survey? a. Glasgow Coma Score b. tetanus toxoid administration c. cervical spine x­ray d. blood alcohol­level e. rectal exam 16. Which one of the following injuries is addressed in the secondary survey? a. forearm fracture b. mid­thigh amputation c. open fracture with bleeding d. unstable pelvic fracture e. bilateral femur fractures with obvious deformity 17. A 30­year­old male is stabbed in the right chest. On arrival in the emergency department, he is very short of breath. His heart rate is 120 and blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg. His neck veins are flat. On auscultation of the chest, there is diminished air entry on the right side, and there is dullness posteriorly on percussion, These findings are most consistent with: a. tension pneumothorax b. pericardial tamponade c. hypovolemia from liver injury d. hemothorax e. spinal cord injury