PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam| 206 QUESTIONS|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
psychology - ANSWER--the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
science - ANSWER--psychology uses systematic methods to observe
human behavior and draw conclusions
behavior - ANSWER--everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - ANSWER--The thoughts, feelings, and motives that
each of us experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - ANSWER--thinking that does not blindly accept
arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions,
discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses
conclusions.
empirical method - ANSWER--gaining knowledge through the
observation of events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - ANSWER--focus on identifying the elemental parts or
structures of the human mind; William Wundt
functionalism - ANSWER--A school of psychology that focused on
how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable
us to adapt, survive, and flourish; William James
, PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam| 206 QUESTIONS|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
natural selection - ANSWER--A process in which individuals that have
certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates
than other individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
neurons - ANSWER--a nerve cell; the basic building block of the
nervous system
glial cells - ANSWER--cells in the nervous system that support,
nourish, and protect neurons
cell body - ANSWER--Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the
nucleus and much of the cytoplasm
dendrites - ANSWER--Branchlike parts of a neuron that are
specialized to receive information.
axon - ANSWER--the extension of a neuron, ending in branching
terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to
muscles or glands
myelin sheath - ANSWER--fatty layer that covers the axon of some
neurons and helps speed neural impulses
resting potential - ANSWER--The difference in electric charge between
the inside and outside of a neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos
outisde
, PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam| 206 QUESTIONS|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
action potential - ANSWER--a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge
that travels down an axon
all or nothing principle - ANSWER--The principle that once the
electrical impulse reaches a certain level of intensity (its threshold), it
fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any
intensity.
synapses - ANSWER--tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of
different neurons
Neuraltransmitters - ANSWER--transmit, or carry, information across
the synaptic gap to the next neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - ANSWER--stimulates the firing of neurons and
is involved in the action of muscles, learning, and memory
Alzheimer's disease - ANSWER--degenerative brain disorder that
involves a decline in memory, have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - ANSWER--a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - ANSWER--lead to anxiety
glutamate - ANSWER--exciting many neurons to fire and is especially
involved in learning and memory
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
psychology - ANSWER--the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
science - ANSWER--psychology uses systematic methods to observe
human behavior and draw conclusions
behavior - ANSWER--everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - ANSWER--The thoughts, feelings, and motives that
each of us experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - ANSWER--thinking that does not blindly accept
arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions,
discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses
conclusions.
empirical method - ANSWER--gaining knowledge through the
observation of events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - ANSWER--focus on identifying the elemental parts or
structures of the human mind; William Wundt
functionalism - ANSWER--A school of psychology that focused on
how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable
us to adapt, survive, and flourish; William James
, PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam| 206 QUESTIONS|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
natural selection - ANSWER--A process in which individuals that have
certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates
than other individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
neurons - ANSWER--a nerve cell; the basic building block of the
nervous system
glial cells - ANSWER--cells in the nervous system that support,
nourish, and protect neurons
cell body - ANSWER--Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the
nucleus and much of the cytoplasm
dendrites - ANSWER--Branchlike parts of a neuron that are
specialized to receive information.
axon - ANSWER--the extension of a neuron, ending in branching
terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to
muscles or glands
myelin sheath - ANSWER--fatty layer that covers the axon of some
neurons and helps speed neural impulses
resting potential - ANSWER--The difference in electric charge between
the inside and outside of a neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos
outisde
, PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam| 206 QUESTIONS|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
action potential - ANSWER--a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge
that travels down an axon
all or nothing principle - ANSWER--The principle that once the
electrical impulse reaches a certain level of intensity (its threshold), it
fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any
intensity.
synapses - ANSWER--tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of
different neurons
Neuraltransmitters - ANSWER--transmit, or carry, information across
the synaptic gap to the next neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - ANSWER--stimulates the firing of neurons and
is involved in the action of muscles, learning, and memory
Alzheimer's disease - ANSWER--degenerative brain disorder that
involves a decline in memory, have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - ANSWER--a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - ANSWER--lead to anxiety
glutamate - ANSWER--exciting many neurons to fire and is especially
involved in learning and memory
