HESI CHEMISTRY V1/V2 - QUESTIONS AND A GRADE CORRECT ANSWERS

HESI CHEMISTRY V1/V2 - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1. If Hydrogen is in a compound, what would its oxidation number be? +1 2. What is the oxidation number of any simple ion? The same as the charge of the ion 3. How many kilograms are in a pound? 0.453592 kg 4. What is the temperature for freezing point of water in Celsius? 1 degrees Celsius (32°F for Fahrenheit) 5. What is the conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit? 5F=9C+160 (remember 5F because you have 5 fingers on a hand & 9C because cats have 9 lives) 6. What is the oxidation number of an element atom? 0 7. What is the freezing point of sea water in Fahrenheit? Below 0C (pick and answer choice around -2C, actual temp depends on how much salt is in the water) 8. How many amino acids are in a dipeptide? 2 9. If Oxygen is in a compound, what would its oxidation number be? -2 10. Which of the following pH values would lemon juice likely have? 2 because the lower the pH value, the more acidic 11. What is a pentose? A 5 carbon sugar (Pent = 5) (ose = sugar) 12. What is the oxidation state of the Sulfur atom in Sulfuric Acid H2SO4? 6 (each H is +1, each O is -2. All charges have to add to 0. 2+S-8=0, so S=6) 13. How many neutrons does carbon 14 have? 8 ( mass# - atomics # = neutrons) 14 - 6 = 8 14. How many protons does Potassium have? 19 (same as the atomic number) 15. How many amino acids are essential for human life? 20 mino acids 16. Normal body temperature in °C? 37°C 17. Normal body temperature in °F? 98.6°F 18. Boiling point of water in °C? 100°C 19. Boiling point of water in °F? 212°F 20. 0°K is equal to °C? -273°C 21. The term Amphoteric means? A substance that can act as both a base & acid 22. What is Kelvin based around? Absolute zero 23. A compound that is a Hydrogen or proton donor, corrosive to metals, causes blue litmus paper to become red and becomes less acidic when mixed with a base is? Acid 24. Mixture of 2 or more metals are? Alloys 25. Acids: • pH less than 7.0 • sour/tart • Formulas begin with H (Hydrogen) • Proton Donor 26. 3 types of radiation in nuclear chemistry? Alpha, Beta & Gamma 27. Alpha radiation: • * Emission of Helium (He) ions in the nuclei • * Contains 2 protons & 2 neutrons. • * +2 Charge • * Largest radiation particle. • * Can be stopped by piece of paper 28. Type of Alloy in which another metal is dissolved in Mercury (Hg)? Amalgam 29. Proteins are made up of? Amino Acids 30. Glycogen is what kind of starch? Animal Starch 31. When an atom GAINS ONE more electron? Anions (negative ion) 32. Basic building block of a molecule? Atom 33. Atomic mass? Average mass of an elements isotope 34. Atomic #: # of protons in nucleus of an atom 35. Base? • A Hydrogen or proton ACCEPTOR & has hydroxide group in the makeup of the molecule • Produce -OH • Bitter, slippery, conduct electricity, formulas contain -OH • pH value greater than 7.0 • Proton acceptor 36. Key note: Acids are Proton donors and Bases are proton acceptors 37. Beta radiation: • Decomposition product of a proton or neutron • High speed/energy Electrons • EITHER - charged electrons or + charged positrons • Can be stopped by aluminum foil 38. What is Biochemistry? Study of substances & processes occurring in living things 39. Fahrenheit is based off of? Body temperature 40. How does ↑ Surface area speed up chemical reactions? By ↑ areas of contact where chemical reactions can occur 41. How do catalyst accelerate a chemical reaction? By reducing the amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur A catalyst is a substance that accelerates a reaction by which of the following? -Finding an alternative pathway for a reaction that requires less energy. 42. What does COOH symbolize? A Carboxyl group 43. Which of the following is not a solution type? Catalyst 44. Define Catalyst. Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction. 45. What is an atom called when it LOSES 1 or more electrons? Cations (positive ions) 46. What is chemical bonding? The joining of atoms to form new substances. 2 types: ionic & covalent bonding 47. What is an Ionic bond? • Electrical attraction between 2 oppositely charged atoms called ions • (between metals & nonmetals)