AC-HPAT Chemistry Exam
Guide| Questions and Complete
Correct Answers 2023/100%
Pass Rate
double-displacement reaction - -A double displacement reaction, also
known as a double replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of
chemical reaction where two compounds react, and the positive ions
(cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two reactants switch
places, forming two new compounds or products
-Precipitate - -precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a
liquid solution. The emergence of the insoluble solid from solution is
called precipitation. Often the precipitate emerges as a suspension.
Precipitates can form when two soluble salts react in solution to form
one or more insoluble products.
-Energy Levels - -Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed
distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found.
As you go farther from the nucleus, electrons at higher energy levels
have more energy. Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
are called valence electrons
-Marquis Test - -The Marquis Test is commonly used for Ecstasy
testing as MDMA turns the precipitate purple black. Cobalt thiocyanate
is used to test for cocaine. The Cobalt is mixed with the questionable
substance, then drowned in hydrochloric acid, doused in chloroform,
and shaken.
-What is the relation between an atomic number and a mass number? -
-Atomic number is actually the number of protons in an atom while
mass number is the number of nucleons i. e, number of protons plus
the number of neutrons.
-Isotopes - -Isotopes refer to the nuclides of a certain element that
have different numbers of neutrons, or in other words, atomic nuclei
that have the same number of protons but different numbers of
neutrons. A radioisotope is an isotope that is unstable and therefore
undergoes radioactive decay or will at some point.
-Chemical Synthesis - -Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex
chemical compounds from simpler ones. It is the process by which
many substances important to daily life are obtained. It is applied to all
, types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses are of organic
molecules.
-Decomposition - -A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical
reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more
elements or new compounds. These reactions often involve an energy
source such as heat, light, or electricity that breaks apart the bonds of
compounds
-single-displacement reaction - -A single-displacement reaction, also
known as a single-replacement reaction, is a type of chemical reaction
where an element reacts with a compound and takes the place of
another element in that compound. This type of reaction is typically
pictured like this: Here, A replaces B in the compound BC
-Flame test - -flame test is an analytical procedure used in chemistry to
detect the presence of certain elements, primarily metal ions, based on
each element's characteristic emission spectrum. The color of flames in
general also depends on temperature; see flame color.
-Precipitation reaction - -A precipitation reaction refers to the
formation of an insoluble salt when two solutions containing soluble
salts are combined. The insoluble salt that falls out of solution is known
as the precipitate, hence the reaction's name. Precipitation reactions
can help determine the presence of various ions in solution.
-organic compounds - -An organic compound is a substance that is
added to a product, like food, to improve some qualities such as taste,
smell, colour and texture. These substances can be both positive and
negative for human health.
-Synthetic materials - -Synthetic materials which are by-products of
petroleum are non-biodegradable, synthetic products take a long time
to decompose, creating long-term pollution. Nylon is hard to recycle,
making them hard to decompose, accumulate landfills more. Polyesters
are easy to recycle, which makes them less harmful to the society.
-Electronegativity - -Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of
an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The Pauling scale is the
most commonly used. Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is
assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to caesium and
francium which are the least electronegative at 0.7.
-Covalent bonds - -Covalent bonds are chemical bonds between two
non-metal atoms. An example is water, where hydrogen (H) and oxygen
(O) bond together to make (H2O). A full outer shell usually has eight
electrons, or two in the case of hydrogen or helium. ... Covalent bonds
are formed by atoms sharing valence electrons.
Guide| Questions and Complete
Correct Answers 2023/100%
Pass Rate
double-displacement reaction - -A double displacement reaction, also
known as a double replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of
chemical reaction where two compounds react, and the positive ions
(cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two reactants switch
places, forming two new compounds or products
-Precipitate - -precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a
liquid solution. The emergence of the insoluble solid from solution is
called precipitation. Often the precipitate emerges as a suspension.
Precipitates can form when two soluble salts react in solution to form
one or more insoluble products.
-Energy Levels - -Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed
distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found.
As you go farther from the nucleus, electrons at higher energy levels
have more energy. Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
are called valence electrons
-Marquis Test - -The Marquis Test is commonly used for Ecstasy
testing as MDMA turns the precipitate purple black. Cobalt thiocyanate
is used to test for cocaine. The Cobalt is mixed with the questionable
substance, then drowned in hydrochloric acid, doused in chloroform,
and shaken.
-What is the relation between an atomic number and a mass number? -
-Atomic number is actually the number of protons in an atom while
mass number is the number of nucleons i. e, number of protons plus
the number of neutrons.
-Isotopes - -Isotopes refer to the nuclides of a certain element that
have different numbers of neutrons, or in other words, atomic nuclei
that have the same number of protons but different numbers of
neutrons. A radioisotope is an isotope that is unstable and therefore
undergoes radioactive decay or will at some point.
-Chemical Synthesis - -Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex
chemical compounds from simpler ones. It is the process by which
many substances important to daily life are obtained. It is applied to all
, types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses are of organic
molecules.
-Decomposition - -A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical
reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more
elements or new compounds. These reactions often involve an energy
source such as heat, light, or electricity that breaks apart the bonds of
compounds
-single-displacement reaction - -A single-displacement reaction, also
known as a single-replacement reaction, is a type of chemical reaction
where an element reacts with a compound and takes the place of
another element in that compound. This type of reaction is typically
pictured like this: Here, A replaces B in the compound BC
-Flame test - -flame test is an analytical procedure used in chemistry to
detect the presence of certain elements, primarily metal ions, based on
each element's characteristic emission spectrum. The color of flames in
general also depends on temperature; see flame color.
-Precipitation reaction - -A precipitation reaction refers to the
formation of an insoluble salt when two solutions containing soluble
salts are combined. The insoluble salt that falls out of solution is known
as the precipitate, hence the reaction's name. Precipitation reactions
can help determine the presence of various ions in solution.
-organic compounds - -An organic compound is a substance that is
added to a product, like food, to improve some qualities such as taste,
smell, colour and texture. These substances can be both positive and
negative for human health.
-Synthetic materials - -Synthetic materials which are by-products of
petroleum are non-biodegradable, synthetic products take a long time
to decompose, creating long-term pollution. Nylon is hard to recycle,
making them hard to decompose, accumulate landfills more. Polyesters
are easy to recycle, which makes them less harmful to the society.
-Electronegativity - -Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of
an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The Pauling scale is the
most commonly used. Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is
assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to caesium and
francium which are the least electronegative at 0.7.
-Covalent bonds - -Covalent bonds are chemical bonds between two
non-metal atoms. An example is water, where hydrogen (H) and oxygen
(O) bond together to make (H2O). A full outer shell usually has eight
electrons, or two in the case of hydrogen or helium. ... Covalent bonds
are formed by atoms sharing valence electrons.
