AC-HPAT Exam Prep/2023-2024/
188 Questions with Well
Analyzed
Answers/Accurate/Graded A+
Most of the cell membrane's specific functions are controlled by: - -
Proteins
-Alcoholic Fermentation is a form of: - -Anaerobic Respiration
-Phagocytosis is a form of: - -Endocytosis
-What is a pyruvate? - -Pyruvate is an important chemical compound in
biochemistry. It is the output of the metabolism of glucose known as
glycolysis. One molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of
pyruvate, which are then used to provide further energy, in one of two
ways.
-What are the small spherical bodies within a cell where proteins are
assembled according to genetic instructions? - -Ribosomes
-What is the structural and functional unit of life? - -The cell
-What is a prokaryotic cell? - -A cell that lacks a true nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles
-What is a eukaryotic cell? - -A cell that contains a nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles
-What is cellular respiration? - -A catabolic pathway for the production
of ATP, in which sometimes oxygen is consumed as a reactant along
with an organic fuel. At times, the process proceeds without oxygen, but
this is less efficient.
-What is anaerobic respiration? - -A form of cellular respiration that
does not involve oxygen.
-What is aerobic respiration? - -Form of cellular respiration which
requires oxygen to generate energy.
-Name the four types of transport that allow small molecules to move
across the cell membrane: - -Diffusion, Osmosis, Active Transport, and
Passive Transport.
-Prokaryotes often reproduce by: - -Binary Fission
, -What is binary fission? - -A form of asexual reproduction in which the
parent divides into two identical halves.
-What is cytokinesis? - -The division of cytoplasm into two identical
daughter cells, which occurs during the telophase stage of mitosis.
-What is a haploid cell? - -A cell that contains one set of chromosomes
-What is a diploid cell? - -A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
-What is chromatin? - -The substance of which eukaryotic chromosomes
are composed, consisting of mostly proteins, DNA, and RNA.
-What is a centriole? - -a cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in
animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of
spindle fibers in cell division.
-What is a chromosome? - -A structure carrying genes is a linear
sequence, found in the nucleus, consisting of DNA and protein.
-What is DNA? - -A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule
capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's
proteins. It makes up the genetic material of most living organisms and
plays a role in determining heredity.
-What is RNA? - -A single-stranded nucleic acid molecule involved in
protein synthesis. It is responsible for carrying the genetic code
transcribed for DNA to specialized sites within the cell where the
information is translated into protein composition.
-What is a nucleotide? - -A nucleotide is the basic building block of
nucleic acids. RNA and DNA are polymers made of long chains of
nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in
RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a
nitrogen-containing base.
-What is transcription? - -Transcription is the process by which the
information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of
messenger RNA (mRNA). ... This complex initiates transcription, and the
RNA polymerase begins mRNA synthesis by matching complementary
bases to the original DNA strand.
-What is translation? - -Translation is the process by which a protein is
synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger
RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome,
which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins
-What is endocytosis and exocytosis? - -Endocytosis is the process of
capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it
188 Questions with Well
Analyzed
Answers/Accurate/Graded A+
Most of the cell membrane's specific functions are controlled by: - -
Proteins
-Alcoholic Fermentation is a form of: - -Anaerobic Respiration
-Phagocytosis is a form of: - -Endocytosis
-What is a pyruvate? - -Pyruvate is an important chemical compound in
biochemistry. It is the output of the metabolism of glucose known as
glycolysis. One molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of
pyruvate, which are then used to provide further energy, in one of two
ways.
-What are the small spherical bodies within a cell where proteins are
assembled according to genetic instructions? - -Ribosomes
-What is the structural and functional unit of life? - -The cell
-What is a prokaryotic cell? - -A cell that lacks a true nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles
-What is a eukaryotic cell? - -A cell that contains a nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles
-What is cellular respiration? - -A catabolic pathway for the production
of ATP, in which sometimes oxygen is consumed as a reactant along
with an organic fuel. At times, the process proceeds without oxygen, but
this is less efficient.
-What is anaerobic respiration? - -A form of cellular respiration that
does not involve oxygen.
-What is aerobic respiration? - -Form of cellular respiration which
requires oxygen to generate energy.
-Name the four types of transport that allow small molecules to move
across the cell membrane: - -Diffusion, Osmosis, Active Transport, and
Passive Transport.
-Prokaryotes often reproduce by: - -Binary Fission
, -What is binary fission? - -A form of asexual reproduction in which the
parent divides into two identical halves.
-What is cytokinesis? - -The division of cytoplasm into two identical
daughter cells, which occurs during the telophase stage of mitosis.
-What is a haploid cell? - -A cell that contains one set of chromosomes
-What is a diploid cell? - -A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
-What is chromatin? - -The substance of which eukaryotic chromosomes
are composed, consisting of mostly proteins, DNA, and RNA.
-What is a centriole? - -a cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in
animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of
spindle fibers in cell division.
-What is a chromosome? - -A structure carrying genes is a linear
sequence, found in the nucleus, consisting of DNA and protein.
-What is DNA? - -A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule
capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's
proteins. It makes up the genetic material of most living organisms and
plays a role in determining heredity.
-What is RNA? - -A single-stranded nucleic acid molecule involved in
protein synthesis. It is responsible for carrying the genetic code
transcribed for DNA to specialized sites within the cell where the
information is translated into protein composition.
-What is a nucleotide? - -A nucleotide is the basic building block of
nucleic acids. RNA and DNA are polymers made of long chains of
nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in
RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a
nitrogen-containing base.
-What is transcription? - -Transcription is the process by which the
information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of
messenger RNA (mRNA). ... This complex initiates transcription, and the
RNA polymerase begins mRNA synthesis by matching complementary
bases to the original DNA strand.
-What is translation? - -Translation is the process by which a protein is
synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger
RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome,
which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins
-What is endocytosis and exocytosis? - -Endocytosis is the process of
capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it
