UPDATED EDF 6223 Exam 1 (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)

_____________is also called identity matching. This is the act of the subject matching the primary stimulus to the target stimulus. Showing a picture of a bird and the child saying "bird." - ANSWER reflexivity _____________ refers to the two-way relationship of matching. For example, show a picture of a bird and say "bird." Point to the picture of the bird, and the subject says "bird." - ANSWER symmetry _____________ occurs when the equation if A = B and if B = C, then A = C. In other words one stimulus is matched to a second stimulus. The second stimulus is matched to the third stimulus. By this relationship, the subject learns that the first stimulus and third stimulus are also matching. For example, if you say "bird" and show a child a picture of a bird, then you show a picture of a bird and match it to a real bird in a cage, the relationship of saying bird for the caged animal is acquired. - ANSWER transitivity Who is credited with much of the pioneering research in stimulus equivalence? - ANSWER Murray Sidman Matching to sample procedure arranges a four-term contingency. Sample stimulus (antecedent stimuli) Correct comparison (antecedent stimuli) Selection Response Reinforcer The performance produced by this four-term contingency is known as? - ANSWER conditional discrimination NAME A TYPE OF NONEQUIVALENCE RELATION - ANSWER distinction relations, spatial and temporal relations, causal relations What are the two types of models that are part of imitation? - ANSWER planned and unplanned Which one of these is not a condition for imitation? Immediacy; formal similarity; Mirroring; or Model producing the controlling response - ANSWER mirroring With an understanding of the imitation process, applied behavior analysts can use imitation as an intervention to: a.) Eliminate Old Behaviors b.) Evoke New behaviors c.) Create teaching sequences d.) Reinforce appropriate behaviors - ANSWER b.) Evoke New behaviors The controlling variable for an imitative behavior is: a.) An operative behavior b.)An imitative response chain c.) A model d.) A pre-task - ANSWER c.) A model Learning to purchase a soda from a vending machine by first watching someone else purchase a soda would be an example of: a.) Planned echoic stimuli b.) Unplanned echoic stimuli c.) Planned models d.) Unplanned models - ANSWER d.) Unplanned models When a child picks up a fork immediately after observing her father pick up a fork, this imitative behavior has: a.) Planned similarity b.) Unplanned similarity c.) Formal similarity d.) Informal similarity - ANSWER c.) Formal similarity Regardless of the behavior modeled, the objective of imitation training is for the learner to do what? a.) What the model does b.) What the trainer asked or commanded c.) What behavior fits the situation d.) What behavior will receive reinforcement - ANSWER a.) What the model does Potential learners cannot imitate if they do not have this prerequisite skill: a.) The behavior in their repertoire b.) Attending to the model c.) Decrease in problem behavior d.) Ability to define the behavior - ANSWER b.) Attending to the model The two key procedural components of shaping are: - ANSWER differential reinforcement and successive approximations What behavior dimensions can you change with differential reinforcement? - ANSWER topography, rate, latency, duration, interresponse time and magnitude What are the two exceptions to components in a behavior chain serving a dual function? - ANSWER first and last responses. They are either a conditioned reinforcer or a discriminative stimulus, not both What is the purpose of validating a task analysis? - ANSWER determining the sequence of behaviors that are necessary and sufficient to complete a given task efficiently List one of 3 methods to validate a task analysis. - ANSWER observe competent individuals perform the desired sequence of behaviors. Consult with experts or person skilled in performing the task. Perform the behaviors yourself True or False - Task Analysis involves breaking a complex skill into smaller, teachable units, the product of which is a series of sequentially order steps or behaviors. - ANSWER true How should a task analysis be individualized? - ANSWER According to age, skill level, experience of the person in question True or False - Chaining can be used to add behaviors to an existing behavioral repertoire? - ANSWER true