NP Endocrine review questions.

NP Endocrine review questionsA normal fasting glucose in a nondiabetic patient is - answerless than 100 mg/dL. Fasting glucose should be obtained when the patient is in a fasting state. A normal fasting glucose value should be less than 100 mg/dL in a nondiabetic patient. Abnormal values should always be repeated. If a patient is nonfasting and the glucose value is less than 125 mg/dL, most authorities consider this to be normal A 45-year-old female patient has fatigue for the past 3 months and a 10-pound weight gain. She previously had regular menses occurring about every 30 days, but in the last 3 months her menses has varied between 30 and 45 days. What explains this finding TSH 13 repeated TSH 15 - answerThis patient has hypothyroidism because her TSH exceeds 5 mU/L. Common symptoms associated with hypothyroidism include fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, cold intolerance, constipation, menstrual irregularities, and hair and nails that break easily. The diagnosis should be easily realized since the TSH is elevated on two occasions. A 63-year-old male patient presents for evaluation of shortness of breath. His EKG demonstrates atrial fibrillation (a-fib). Which of the following laboratory studies would be LEAST helpful in the evaluation of the etiology of his symptoms? Renal function tests Serum electrolytes TSH and Free T4 Fasting lipids - answerFasting lipids Explanation: The most common presentation of hyperthyroidism in patients 60 years of age and older is atrial fibrillation. This is thought to be secondary to decreased parasympathetic tone. A decreased TSH level and an elevation in thyroid hormones like T3 and/or T4 are reflective of hyperthyroidism. An imbalance in serum electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium, which are involved in the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart, have the potential to provoke cardiac arrhythmias and should be evaluated. Chronic kidney disease increases a patient's risk for the development of atrial fibrillation. Fasting lipids may indicate the presence of dyslipidemia, but it is very unlikely to help determine the etiology of these symptoms. Next Which of the following patients is most likely to be diagnosed with hypothyroidism? 56-year-old female with swollen fingers 25-year-old male with blurred vision 32-year-old female with night sweats 45-year-old male with palpitations - answer56 year old with swollen fingers Hypothyroidism is five to eight times more common in women than men. Swelling of the hands and feet are common findings in patients who have hypothyroidism. Blurred vision, night sweats, insomnia, tachycardia, and palpitations are common findings in patients with hyperthyroidism. A diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus can be made: if risk factors plus a family history of diabetes are present. with Hgb A1C of 6.8%. Incorrect if glucose values of 110, 119, and 115 mg/dL are observed on different days. following fasting glucose values of 126 and 130 mg/dL on different days - answerfollowing fasting glucose values of 126 and 130 mg/dL on different days Type 2 diabetes can be diagnosed in the instance of a fasting glucose value or equal to 126 mg/dL (and confirmed on subsequent day), a random glucose value or equal to 200 mg/dL with symptoms of "the 3 P's," an A1C or equal to 6.5% (and confirmed on a different day), or a 2-hour plasma glucose or equal to 200 mg/dL during an oral glucose tolerance test. The third choice indicates a patient with prediabetes The most appropriate time to begin screening for renal nephropathy in a patient with Type 1 diabetes is: at diagnosis. once annually after diagnosis. 2-3 years after diagnosis. 5 years after diagnosis. - answer5 years after diagnosis Patients with type 1 diabetes should be screened for renal.