Exam 1 pharmacology Questions and
Correct Answers
Enablex vs detrol - Correct Answer: Eneblex has less incidence of dry moutn
Drug polymorphism - Correct Answer: Variation in response to a drug because of a patient's age, gender,
size, and/or body composition. (p. 51) (Lilley 49)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
Bioequivalent - Correct Answer: If two drug products have the same bioavailability and same
concentration of active ingredient, they are said to be (Lilley 21)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
Prodrug - Correct Answer: is a drug that is inactive in its administered form and must be metabolized to
its active form in the body, generally by the liver, to be effectiv (Lilley 348)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
synergistic effect - Correct Answer: Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more
drugs with similar actions is greater than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone.
For example, 1 + 1 is greater than 2 (compare with additive effects). (p. 32) (Lilley 18)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
Nursing Process - Correct Answer: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
, Routes of administration - Correct Answer: Enteral parenteral(IV IM subq) topical
Lifespan Considerations pediatric - Correct Answer: Skin is thinner and more permeable.
• Stomach lacks acid to kill bacteria.
• Lungs have weaker mucous barriers.
• Body temperature is less well regulated, and dehydration occurs easily.
• Liver and kidneys are immature, and, therefore, drug metabolism and excretion are impaired.
Many formulas for pediatric dosage calculation have been used throughout the years. Calculating the
dosage according to 39the body weight is the most commonly used method today. Most drug references
recommend dosages based on milligrams per kilogram of body weight. The following information is
needed to calculate the pediatric dosage:
• Drug order (as discussed previously)
• Pediatric patient's weight in kilograms (1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds) (For example, a 10-lb baby weighs 4.5
kg; divide the number of pounds by 2.2 to determine kilograms.)
• Pediatric dosage as per manufacturer or drug formulary guidelines
• Information regarding available dosage forms
When using either of the previous methods, the following must be done to ensure the correct pediatric
dose:
• Determine the pediatric patient's weight in kilograms.
• Use a current drug reference to determine the usual dosage range per 24 hours in milligrams (mg) per
kilogram (kg). It must be noted that some drugs are stated as mg/kg/dose.
• Determine the dose parameters by multiplying the weight by the minimum and maximum daily doses
of the drug (the safe range).
• Determine the total amount of the drug to administer per dose and per day.
• Compare the drug dosage prescribed with the calculated safe range.
• If the drug dosage raises any concerns or varies from the safe range, contact the health care provider
or prescriber immediately and do not give the drug! (Lilley 38-39)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Editio
Lifespan Considerations to adolescence - Correct Answer: eneral Interventions
Correct Answers
Enablex vs detrol - Correct Answer: Eneblex has less incidence of dry moutn
Drug polymorphism - Correct Answer: Variation in response to a drug because of a patient's age, gender,
size, and/or body composition. (p. 51) (Lilley 49)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
Bioequivalent - Correct Answer: If two drug products have the same bioavailability and same
concentration of active ingredient, they are said to be (Lilley 21)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
Prodrug - Correct Answer: is a drug that is inactive in its administered form and must be metabolized to
its active form in the body, generally by the liver, to be effectiv (Lilley 348)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
synergistic effect - Correct Answer: Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more
drugs with similar actions is greater than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone.
For example, 1 + 1 is greater than 2 (compare with additive effects). (p. 32) (Lilley 18)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Edition. Mosby,
022016. VitalBook file.
Nursing Process - Correct Answer: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
, Routes of administration - Correct Answer: Enteral parenteral(IV IM subq) topical
Lifespan Considerations pediatric - Correct Answer: Skin is thinner and more permeable.
• Stomach lacks acid to kill bacteria.
• Lungs have weaker mucous barriers.
• Body temperature is less well regulated, and dehydration occurs easily.
• Liver and kidneys are immature, and, therefore, drug metabolism and excretion are impaired.
Many formulas for pediatric dosage calculation have been used throughout the years. Calculating the
dosage according to 39the body weight is the most commonly used method today. Most drug references
recommend dosages based on milligrams per kilogram of body weight. The following information is
needed to calculate the pediatric dosage:
• Drug order (as discussed previously)
• Pediatric patient's weight in kilograms (1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds) (For example, a 10-lb baby weighs 4.5
kg; divide the number of pounds by 2.2 to determine kilograms.)
• Pediatric dosage as per manufacturer or drug formulary guidelines
• Information regarding available dosage forms
When using either of the previous methods, the following must be done to ensure the correct pediatric
dose:
• Determine the pediatric patient's weight in kilograms.
• Use a current drug reference to determine the usual dosage range per 24 hours in milligrams (mg) per
kilogram (kg). It must be noted that some drugs are stated as mg/kg/dose.
• Determine the dose parameters by multiplying the weight by the minimum and maximum daily doses
of the drug (the safe range).
• Determine the total amount of the drug to administer per dose and per day.
• Compare the drug dosage prescribed with the calculated safe range.
• If the drug dosage raises any concerns or varies from the safe range, contact the health care provider
or prescriber immediately and do not give the drug! (Lilley 38-39)
Lilley, Linda, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder. Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8th Editio
Lifespan Considerations to adolescence - Correct Answer: eneral Interventions
