Medical Surgical Nursing Test #2 Test Bank
(Questions and Answers)
A client has a history of alcoholism, has been vomiting large amounts and has diarrhea.
He has ECG changes, dysrhythmias, tremors and neuromuscular hyperirritability with
hyperactive deep tendon reflexes. This client has __________________ electrolyte
imbalance. - Answer-hypomagnesaemia
An elderly client has recently been prescribed a loop diuretic for the management of CHF
and is experiencing polyuria and diaphoresis. She is weak and fatigued with N&V, has
paresthesia, decreased deep tendon reflexes and dysrhythmias. This client has
__________________________ electrolyte imbalance. - Answer-hypokalemia
A client has a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Upon med review, the client has found to
be taking thiazide diuretics and excessive amounts of vitamin D. Signs and symptoms are
bone pain, N&V, depressed (hypoactive) reflexes and lethargy. This client has
_______________________ electrolyte imbalance. - Answer-hypercalcemia
A client has a history of alcoholism and anorexia nervosa. She is assessed and found to
be weak and confused with shallow respirations. She reports muscular and bone pain
making ambulation difficult. This client has ____________________ electrolyte
imbalance - Answer-hypophosphatemia
A client's fluid status is easily best determined by monitoring daily weight - True or False
- Answer-True
A patient has hypernatremia and will require a(n) ____________ solution for
management. - Answer-Hypotonic
A patient has cerebral edema. A(n) _________________ solution will be given. -
Answer-Hypertonic
A patient is diagnosed with dehydration. A(n) _____________ solution will be given to
maintain fluid & electrolyte balance - Answer-Isotonic
Normal Values for: Potassium - Answer-3.5-5 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Calcium - Answer-2.5-2.74 mmol/l
, Medical Surgical Nursing Test #2 Test Bank
(Questions and Answers)
Normal Values for: Sodium - Answer-135-145 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Phosphate - Answer-0.8-1.5 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Magnesium - Answer-0.75-1.25 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Chloride - Answer-110-114 mmol/l
Trousseau's sign is a sign/symptom of ______________ and is described as
______________________________________________________ - Answer-
hypocalcemia
carpopedal spasms that result from ischemia
Chovstek's sign is a sign/symptom of _______________ and is described as
__________________________________________________ - Answer-hypocalcemia
contraction of facial muscle in response to a light tap over the facial nerve in front of the
ear.
What are the major cations + and anions- in the ECF and the ICF? - Answer-Cation:
calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium
Anion: chloride, carbonates, aminoacetates, phosphates, and iodide
What is ICF? - Answer-intracellular fluid, fluid inside a cell
What is ECF? - Answer-extracellular fluid, fluid outside of cells
Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD) - Answer-weight loss
elevelated temp/cool clammy skin
lower BP (hypotension)
decreased skin turgor
oliguria
Fluid Volume Excess (FVE) - Answer-edema
polyuria
(Questions and Answers)
A client has a history of alcoholism, has been vomiting large amounts and has diarrhea.
He has ECG changes, dysrhythmias, tremors and neuromuscular hyperirritability with
hyperactive deep tendon reflexes. This client has __________________ electrolyte
imbalance. - Answer-hypomagnesaemia
An elderly client has recently been prescribed a loop diuretic for the management of CHF
and is experiencing polyuria and diaphoresis. She is weak and fatigued with N&V, has
paresthesia, decreased deep tendon reflexes and dysrhythmias. This client has
__________________________ electrolyte imbalance. - Answer-hypokalemia
A client has a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Upon med review, the client has found to
be taking thiazide diuretics and excessive amounts of vitamin D. Signs and symptoms are
bone pain, N&V, depressed (hypoactive) reflexes and lethargy. This client has
_______________________ electrolyte imbalance. - Answer-hypercalcemia
A client has a history of alcoholism and anorexia nervosa. She is assessed and found to
be weak and confused with shallow respirations. She reports muscular and bone pain
making ambulation difficult. This client has ____________________ electrolyte
imbalance - Answer-hypophosphatemia
A client's fluid status is easily best determined by monitoring daily weight - True or False
- Answer-True
A patient has hypernatremia and will require a(n) ____________ solution for
management. - Answer-Hypotonic
A patient has cerebral edema. A(n) _________________ solution will be given. -
Answer-Hypertonic
A patient is diagnosed with dehydration. A(n) _____________ solution will be given to
maintain fluid & electrolyte balance - Answer-Isotonic
Normal Values for: Potassium - Answer-3.5-5 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Calcium - Answer-2.5-2.74 mmol/l
, Medical Surgical Nursing Test #2 Test Bank
(Questions and Answers)
Normal Values for: Sodium - Answer-135-145 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Phosphate - Answer-0.8-1.5 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Magnesium - Answer-0.75-1.25 mmol/l
Normal Values for: Chloride - Answer-110-114 mmol/l
Trousseau's sign is a sign/symptom of ______________ and is described as
______________________________________________________ - Answer-
hypocalcemia
carpopedal spasms that result from ischemia
Chovstek's sign is a sign/symptom of _______________ and is described as
__________________________________________________ - Answer-hypocalcemia
contraction of facial muscle in response to a light tap over the facial nerve in front of the
ear.
What are the major cations + and anions- in the ECF and the ICF? - Answer-Cation:
calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium
Anion: chloride, carbonates, aminoacetates, phosphates, and iodide
What is ICF? - Answer-intracellular fluid, fluid inside a cell
What is ECF? - Answer-extracellular fluid, fluid outside of cells
Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD) - Answer-weight loss
elevelated temp/cool clammy skin
lower BP (hypotension)
decreased skin turgor
oliguria
Fluid Volume Excess (FVE) - Answer-edema
polyuria
