UROGENITAL SYSTEM
• Structures are closely related in terms of functions and location >
Urinary tract
• Involved in micturition, sexual health, and reproduction
• Comprised of internal and external genitalia for all sexes 2 Genital system
Urinary system
• Functions to filter blood, and produce and excrete urine from the body
• Also acts to regulate blood volume levels, amount of blood plasma and blood pressure
Structures:
s > Kidneys > Bladder > Urethra > Ureters
·
Kidneys
Bilaterally paired retroperitoneal organs
Vertebral levels T12-L3
Right kidney tends to sit lower than the left (because of liver)
Surrounded by perinephric fat
Filters blood and maintains blood volume (and blood pressure)
Produces urine
Hilum is the site where vessels enter and leave the kidney
Lots of tissue surrounding the kidneys to protect it
W
&
⑪
Nephrons
Functional unit of the kidney ~800k to 1 million nephrons in each kidney. They’re composed of:
Renal corpuscle -> filters blood - efferent and afferent capillaries
Renal tubule -> collects fluid by-product
Water and other solutes diffuse through the capillary bed
Renal tubule undergoes absorption of water and further filtration of solutes
Fluid secreted by the collecting duct into the minor calyx via the renal papilla
Final product is urine
• Structures are closely related in terms of functions and location >
Urinary tract
• Involved in micturition, sexual health, and reproduction
• Comprised of internal and external genitalia for all sexes 2 Genital system
Urinary system
• Functions to filter blood, and produce and excrete urine from the body
• Also acts to regulate blood volume levels, amount of blood plasma and blood pressure
Structures:
s > Kidneys > Bladder > Urethra > Ureters
·
Kidneys
Bilaterally paired retroperitoneal organs
Vertebral levels T12-L3
Right kidney tends to sit lower than the left (because of liver)
Surrounded by perinephric fat
Filters blood and maintains blood volume (and blood pressure)
Produces urine
Hilum is the site where vessels enter and leave the kidney
Lots of tissue surrounding the kidneys to protect it
W
&
⑪
Nephrons
Functional unit of the kidney ~800k to 1 million nephrons in each kidney. They’re composed of:
Renal corpuscle -> filters blood - efferent and afferent capillaries
Renal tubule -> collects fluid by-product
Water and other solutes diffuse through the capillary bed
Renal tubule undergoes absorption of water and further filtration of solutes
Fluid secreted by the collecting duct into the minor calyx via the renal papilla
Final product is urine
