MN551 MIDTERM EXAM Q &
ANSWERS 2023/2024
1. A nurse practitioner employed in the emergency department admits a
patient who has experienced severe frostbite to his hands and toes after
becoming lost on a ski trail. The NP recognizes that which of the
following phenomena has caused the tissue damage? (Points : 2)
Decreased blood viscosity has resulted in interstitial bleeding.
Reactive vasodilation has compromised perfusion.
Autonomic nervous stimulation has resulted in injury.
Decreased blood flow has induced hypoxia.
Question 2.2. A 6-year-old boy has been brought to the emergency department
by ambulance after his mother discovered that his heart rate was “so fast I
couldn't even count it.” The child was determined to be in atrial flutter and his
mother is seeking an explanation from the health care team. Which of the
following points should underlie an explanation to the mother? (Points : 2)
The child is experiencing a reentry rhythm in his right atrium.
The resolution of the problem is dependent on spontaneous recovery and is resistant to
pacing interventions.
The child is likely to have a normal ECG apart from the rapid heart
rate. The boy's atria are experiencing abnormal sympathetic
stimulation.
,Question 3.3. A 14-year-old boy has been diagnosed with infectious
mononucleosis. Which of the following pathophysiological phenomena is most
responsible for his symptoms? (Points : 2)
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is lysing many of the boy's neutrophils.
Viruses are killing some of his B cells and becoming incorporated into the genomes
of others. The EBV inhibits the maturation of white cells within his peripheral lymph
nodes.
The virus responsible for mononucleosis inhibits the maturation of myeloblasts
into promyelocytes.
, Question 4.4. A patient has suffered damage to his pericardium following a
motor vehicle accident. Which of the following consequences should the nurse
practitioner be most likely to rule out? (Points : 2)
Impaired physical restraint of the left ventricule
Increased friction during the contraction/relaxation
cycle Reduced protection from infectious organisms
Impaired regulation of myocardial contraction
Question 5.5. Sputum samples from a patient with pneumonia contain an
infective agent that has a peptidoglycan cell wall, expresses endotoxins,
replicates readily in broth and on agar, grows in clusters, has pili, and does not
stain when exposed to crystal violet. This pneumonia is most likely: (Points : 2)
Chlamydial
Viral
Mycoplasm
al Bacterial
Question 6.6. A nurse practitioner student is familiarizing herself with the
overnight admissions to an acute medical unit of a university hospital. Which of
the following patients would the student recognize as being least likely to have a
diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome in his or her medical history? (Points :
2)
A 66-year-old obese male with left-sided hemiplegia secondary to a cerebrovascular
accident A 90-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility who has been
experiencing transient
ischemic attacks
A 30-year-old female with a diagnosis of left leg DVT and a pulmonary embolism
ANSWERS 2023/2024
1. A nurse practitioner employed in the emergency department admits a
patient who has experienced severe frostbite to his hands and toes after
becoming lost on a ski trail. The NP recognizes that which of the
following phenomena has caused the tissue damage? (Points : 2)
Decreased blood viscosity has resulted in interstitial bleeding.
Reactive vasodilation has compromised perfusion.
Autonomic nervous stimulation has resulted in injury.
Decreased blood flow has induced hypoxia.
Question 2.2. A 6-year-old boy has been brought to the emergency department
by ambulance after his mother discovered that his heart rate was “so fast I
couldn't even count it.” The child was determined to be in atrial flutter and his
mother is seeking an explanation from the health care team. Which of the
following points should underlie an explanation to the mother? (Points : 2)
The child is experiencing a reentry rhythm in his right atrium.
The resolution of the problem is dependent on spontaneous recovery and is resistant to
pacing interventions.
The child is likely to have a normal ECG apart from the rapid heart
rate. The boy's atria are experiencing abnormal sympathetic
stimulation.
,Question 3.3. A 14-year-old boy has been diagnosed with infectious
mononucleosis. Which of the following pathophysiological phenomena is most
responsible for his symptoms? (Points : 2)
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is lysing many of the boy's neutrophils.
Viruses are killing some of his B cells and becoming incorporated into the genomes
of others. The EBV inhibits the maturation of white cells within his peripheral lymph
nodes.
The virus responsible for mononucleosis inhibits the maturation of myeloblasts
into promyelocytes.
, Question 4.4. A patient has suffered damage to his pericardium following a
motor vehicle accident. Which of the following consequences should the nurse
practitioner be most likely to rule out? (Points : 2)
Impaired physical restraint of the left ventricule
Increased friction during the contraction/relaxation
cycle Reduced protection from infectious organisms
Impaired regulation of myocardial contraction
Question 5.5. Sputum samples from a patient with pneumonia contain an
infective agent that has a peptidoglycan cell wall, expresses endotoxins,
replicates readily in broth and on agar, grows in clusters, has pili, and does not
stain when exposed to crystal violet. This pneumonia is most likely: (Points : 2)
Chlamydial
Viral
Mycoplasm
al Bacterial
Question 6.6. A nurse practitioner student is familiarizing herself with the
overnight admissions to an acute medical unit of a university hospital. Which of
the following patients would the student recognize as being least likely to have a
diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome in his or her medical history? (Points :
2)
A 66-year-old obese male with left-sided hemiplegia secondary to a cerebrovascular
accident A 90-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility who has been
experiencing transient
ischemic attacks
A 30-year-old female with a diagnosis of left leg DVT and a pulmonary embolism
