CMAN 380 Module Final Exam (Liberty university)

1. Epidemiologic Triangle: Environment, agent, host 2. Factors: factors affected by... -diet/exercise -recreational activities -management of stress levels 3. Genes vs. Lifestyle: Heart Disease -Family history made up only 17% of a person's risk -Poor lifestyle choices, 83% of the risk Cancer -About 25% of colon cancers are in people with some family history of the disease -75% of colon cancers are not from genetics -80% to 90% of lung cancers are caused by smoking 4. Types of studies: prospective v. retrospective 5. Prospective study key components: All subjects are free of disease at the start of the study Establish a causal association between factor X and the disease Y Demonstrate a temporal relationship (factor X preceded disease Y) 6. Prospective study time frame: Investigators have a primary focus Example: to learn more about cardiovascular disease or cancer Data collected from the cohort is over time Investigators identified a cohort (group) of possible subjects who would be feasible to follow for a prolonged period 7. Prospective study examples: Framingham Heart Study Nurses Health Study Physicians' Health Study 8. Framingham heart study: In 1948, FHS scientists and participants embarked on an ambitious project to identify risk factors for heart disease. Today, the study remains a world-class epicenter for cutting-edge heart, brain, bone, and sleep research Calculate a Risk Score Learn your risk of developing heart disease. Type simple information such as your age and weight into our calculators. High blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, physical inactivity 9. Risk assessment tool for estimating your 10 year risk of having a heart attack: Framingham heart study