VBS 2032 Exam 1 practice 45 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

VBS 2032 Exam 1 practice 45 Questions with Verified Answers Ribosomes are composed of: A. many proteins B. proteins and DNA C. proteins and RNA D. carbohydrates and RNA - CORRECT ANSWER C. proteins and RNA This group of bacteria moves using internal flagella called axial filaments. A. Streptococcus B. Staphylococcus C. Streptomyces sp. D. spirochetes - CORRECT ANSWER D. spirochetes A mycoses would most likely be treated with: A. rest and fluids B. an antibacterial drug C. an antiviral drug D. an antifungal drug - CORRECT ANSWER D. an antifungal drug Using swan-necked flasks, Pasteur was able to keep broth sterile when: A. the broth was boiled in the flask B. the flask was upright (not tilted) C. the broth was free of endospores D. A, B and C - CORRECT ANSWER D. A, B and C Which of the following statements is true regarding potato salad and botulism? A. C. botulinum endospores are destroyed by boiling. B. Endospores can germinate and grow in jars stored at room temperature. C. Mayonnaise is a common source of C. botulinum endospores. D. Non-acid vegetables like potatoes cannot be canned at home. - CORRECT ANSWER B. Endospores can germinate and grow in jars stored at room temperature. Gram-negative cells have porins, which function: A. in protein synthesis B. in transport C. in motility D. in photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER B. in transport Which of the following would be most closely related? A. protozoa and mycoplasma B. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria C. fungi and viruses D. bacteria and archaea - CORRECT ANSWER B. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Virulent bacteria are more likely to cause disease. A. True B. False - CORRECT ANSWER A. True Viruses, viroids and prions are considered "non-living" infectious particles because: A. they can't be inactivated B. infections result in death C. they can't replicate independently D. they lack membranes - CORRECT ANSWER C. they can't replicate independently Enveloped viruses obtain a lipid bilayer: A. from other enveloped viruses. B. by budding from the host cell. C. by synthesizing phospholipids and proteins. D. during fusion with the host cell. - CORRECT ANSWER B. by budding from the host cell. What magnification would you achieve with a 10X ocular lens and a 40X objective lens? A. 0.25X B. 4X C. 40X D. 400X - CORRECT ANSWER D. 400X Mannitol salt agar selects for species of: A. staphylococcus B. mold C. bacillus D. streptococcus - CORRECT ANSWER A. staphylococcus Study of a lethal microorganism with air-borne transmission and no treatment should be carried out in a: A. BSL-1 laboratory B. BSL-2 laboratory C. BSL-3 laboratory D. BSL-4 laboratory - CORRECT ANSWER D. BSL-4 laboratory Oil is used for focus at 100x in order to: A. Magnify the image B. Decrease light scattering C. Increase light scattering D. Decrease the light - CORRECT ANSWER B. Decrease light scattering The term "microbe" includes A. prokaryotes, eukaryotes and acellular infectious particles B. prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but not acellular infectious particles C. bacteria and archaea only D. acellular infectious particles and prokaryotes, but not eukaryotes E. microorganisms, but not acellular infectious particles - CORRECT ANSWER A. prokaryotes, eukaryotes and acellular infectious particles Streak plate isolation is an important tool in microbiology because it allows one to: A. separate bacteria bases on cell wall type B. visualize cell infrastructure C. determine bacterial structure D. separate a mixture of bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER D. separate a mixture of bacteria What component of the cell wall on bacteria can lead to septic shock? a. porins b. peptidoglycan c. lipoprotein d. lipopolysaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER d. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (aka endotoxins; gram-negative) Griffith's experiments on smooth and rough strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that: A. Spontaneous mutation occurs naturally B. Bacteria can take up free DNA from dead bacteria C. Phage can transfer DNA between bacteria D. Bacteria can transfer DNA via conjugation E. That spontaneous generation is impossible - CORRECT ANSWER D. Bacteria can transfer DNA via conjugation Scientists were unable to culture bacterium A from a biofilm even though PCR and sequence data indicated the bacterium was present. Why? A. Bacterium A has unknown nutritional requirements. B. Bacterium A can only grown in the presence of bacterium B and archaeon C. C. Lab techs placed the cultures at the wrong temperature. D. All of the above are correct. - CORRECT ANSWER D. All of the above are correct. Which of the following types of mutation is most likely to result in a functional protein? A. missence B. nonsense C. frameshift D. silent E. deletion - CORRECT ANSWER D. silent What is the role of tRNA? A. It codes for the sequence of amino acids. B. It provides structure for ribosomal proteins. C. It brings specific amino acids to the ribosome. D. It is commonly used to classify organisms. - CORRECT ANSWER C. It brings specific amino acids to the ribosome. The central dogma states that information flows from: A. DNA, Protein, RNA B. Protein, DNA, RNA C. DNA, RNA, Protein D. RNA, Protein, DNA - CORRECT ANSWER C. DNA RNA Protein One difference between transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that: A. prokaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus B. eukaryotic transcription occurs in the cytosol C. prokaryotic transcripts (mRNAs) contain several genes D. eukaryotic transcripts (mRNAs) contain several genes - CORRECT ANSWER C. prokaryotic transcripts (mRNAs) contain several genes Bacteria can detect the level of cell density through: A. roll and tumbling B. quorum sensing C. post-translational modification D. feedback inhibition - CORRECT ANSWER B. quorum sensing a suffix used to describe growth inhibition is: A. -cidal B. -cillin C. -static D. -philic - CORRECT ANSWER c. -static The effectiveness of a disinfectant is influenced by: A. the number of microbes present B. the type of microbes that are present C. the presence of organic matter D. contact time E. all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER E. all of the above Why did the norovirus spread throughout the school? A. "Quats" are not effective against norovirus. B. Staff used bleach that was too dilute. C. Keyboards and mice were not disinfected. D. Norovirus is spread through the air. - CORRECT ANSWER A. "Quats" are not effective against norovirus. Successful pickle fermentaion depends many factors including: A. Absence of O2, correct [salt] B. Presence of O2, correct [salt] C. Presence of O2, lactic acid bacteria D. Absence of O2, yeast - CORRECT ANSWER A. Absence of O2, correct [salt] Alpha hemolysis is characterized by: A. complete destruction of red cells B. no red cell destruction C. partial red cell destruction D. partial degradation of the agar - CORRECT ANSWER C. partial red cell destruction The decolorization step of a Gram stain removes the stain from: A. Gram positive cells only B. Gram negative cells only C. both Gram negative and Gram positive D. neither Gram positive nor Gram negative - CORRECT ANSWER B. Gram negative cells only Which of the following statements about biofilms is NOT true: A. Microbes in biofilms can be difficult to detect with standard culture techniques. B. They are often composed of diverse microbial species. C. Bacteria in biofilms are more resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants. D. They are fairly rare in animals and environment - CORRECT ANSWER D. They are fairly rare in animals and environment When cells transition from exponential to stationary phase of the growth curve: A. nutrients are limited B. waste products are accumulating C. endospores are formed by some species D. ALL of the above - CORRECT ANSWER D. ALL of the above The predominate shape of the bacteria in a young healthy human mouth : A.rod B. sprillium C. coccus D.spirochete - CORRECT ANSWER C. coccus Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding potato salad and botulism? A. C. botulinum endospores are not destroyed by boiling. B. Endospores can germinate and grow in jars of vegetables. C. Mayonnaise is a common source of C. botulinum endospores. D. Non-acid vegetables like potatoes must be canned with a pressure cooker. - CORRECT ANSWER C. Mayonnaise is a common source of C. Viruses, viroids and prions are considered "non-living" infectious particles because: A. they can't be killed B. infected cells always die C. they can't replicate independently D. they lack membranes - CORRECT ANSWER C. they can't replicate independently The most accurate method of classifying microorganisms is by comparing: A. staining patterns B. rRNA genes C. similarities in size and shape D. cell surface markers - CORRECT ANSWER B. rRNA genes What is the role of ribosomal RNA? A. it codes for the sequence of amino acids B. major structural component of ribosome C. it brings specific amino acids to the ribosomes D. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER B. major structural component of ribosome Which of the following is not needed for an in-vitro translation (translation reaction in test tube)? A. RNA B. DNA C. Ribosomes D. Buffer E. tRNA - CORRECT ANSWER B. DNA Transcription and translation are directly coupled in eukaryotic cells. A. True B. False - CORRECT ANSWER B. False What's the treatment? (red throat looks like strept) A. antibiotics B. fluids and rest C. antibiotics, fluid and rest D. a diagnostic test is required first - CORRECT ANSWER D. a diagnostic test is required first penicillin and other beta-lactam drugs block: A. cell membrane synthesis B. protein synthesis C. DNA replication D. peptidoglycan synthesis - CORRECT ANSWER D. peptidoglycan synthesis The best method to sterilize an antibiotic solution for injection would be: A. treatment with an antiseptic B. boiling C. autoclaving D. filtration - CORRECT ANSWER D. filtration Pasteurized milk A. is sterile B. keeps indefinitely C. has reduced microbe levels D. does not need refrigeration - CORRECT ANSWER C. has reduced microbe levels The effectiveness of a disinfectant is influenced by A. the number of microbes present. B. the type of microbes present C. the presence of organic matter D. contact time E. all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER E. all of the above Treating drinking water with chlorine might not inactivate these. A. protozoal cysts B. enveloped viruses C. Gram-positive bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER A. protozoal cysts