Rosenthal: Lehne's Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Nurses and Physician Assistants A+ RATED

Rosenthal: Lehne's Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Nurses and Physician Assistants A+ RATED An infant who receives a drug that does not produce CNS side effects in adults exhibits drowsiness and sedation. The nurse understands that this is because of differences in which physiologic system in infants and adults? a. Blood-brain barrier b. First-pass effect c. Gastrointestinal absorption d. Renal filtration - ANS ANS: A The blood-brain barrier is not fully developed at birth, making infants much more sensitive to CNS drugs than older children and adults. CNS symptoms may include sedation and drowsiness. The first-pass effect and GI absorption affect metabolism and absorption of drugs, and renal filtration affects elimination of drugs, all of which may alter drug levels. Which monoamines act as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system? Select all that apply. a. Acetylcholine b. Norepinephrine c. Serotonin d. Dopamine e. Epinephrine f. Histamine - ANS ANS: B , C , D , E Acetylcholine and histamines are not monoamines.